Peningkatan mutu dan keselmatan pasien merupakan dua hal yang tidak bisadipisaahkan dan harus berkesinambungan. Upaya peningkatan mutu dan keselamatanpasien di Instalasi Farmasi Rumah Sakit Pusat Otak Nasional Prof. DR. dr. MaharMardjono digambarkan melalui capaian indicator pelayanan menurut Standar PelayananMinimal Rumah Sakit yang belum mencapai standar. Penelitian ini dilakukan untukmenganalisis waktu tunggu pelayanan obat jadi pasien JKN dan aktivitas risikoterjadinaya medication error dengan prinsip lean thinking dan swiss cheese model. Jenispenelitian ini adalah operational research dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif.Data kualitatif diperoleh melalui proses observasi dan telaah dokumen, sedangkankuantitatif berdasarkan data waktu tunggu dari electronic health record dan waktutunggu hasil observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan waktu tunggu adalah 1 jam 3 menit11 detik, dengan waktu tunggu terlama adalah pada proses penerimaan resep (30 menit42 detik). Kegiatan VA (79%) yaitu 13 menit 13 detik. Aktivitas NVA (21%) denganwaktu 49 menit 21 detik. Waste terbanyak adalah pada kegiatan waiting denganpresentasi waktu 92% dari waktu NVA. Bottleneck pada penelitian ini diambil dariproses waktu tunggu terlama dan hasil analisis swiss chesse model pada tahapanpengkajian dan pemeriksaan sediaan obat.Usulan perbaikan berdasarkan hasil analisisproses pengkajian dan pelayanan resep obat jadi ini adalah perlu adanya penyusunanregulasi pengkajian dan pelayanan obat sesuai standar pelayanan kefarmasian, telaahprofil indicator waktu tunggu obat jadi sesuai SPM rumah sakit, perlu adanya analisisbeban kerja, dan monitoring supervise kajian pelayanan resep obat. Usulan perbaikandigambarkan dalam future state map dengan mereduksi aktivitas NVA yang dapatsecara langsung dihapuskan tanpa dilakukan intervensi.
Kata kunci: lean thinking, , medication error, swiss chesse model waktu tunggupelayanan

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Quality improvement and patient safety are two things that cannot separated and mustbe continuous. Effort to improve quality and patient safety at Outpatient PharmacyPusat Otak Nasional Prof. DR.dr. Mahar Mardjono Hospital is described through theachievement of service indicators according to the hospital minimum service standardsthet have not resched the standard. This study was conducted to analyze the waitingtime for JKN patient medication services and risk activities of medication errors usingprinciples of lean thinking and the swiss cheese model. This type of research isoperational research with qualitative and quantitative approaches. Qualitative data isobtained through the process of observation and document review, while quantitativedata is based on waiting time data from electronic health records and waiting time forobservations. The result showed that the waiting time was 1 hour 3 minutes 11 seconds,with the longest waiting time was in the process of receiving the recipe (30 minutes 42seconds). Value_added activity (79%) was 13 minutes 13 seconds, non value addedactivity (21%) for 49 minutes 21 second. Most of waste is in waiting activities with apresentation time of 92% of the time for non value added. The bottleneck in this studywas taken from the longest waiting time process and the result of the swiss cheesemodel analysis at the assessment and examination stage of drug preparations.Reviewing the waiting time indicator profile for the finished medicine according to theSPM of the hospital. There is a need for workload analysis, and monitoring of thereview of prescription services. Proposed improvements are described in a future statemap by reducing non value added activity which can be directly eliminated withoutintervention.
Key words: lean thinking, medication error, swiss chesse model, medication error,service waiting time.