Abstrak
Penyakit kardiovaskular juga merupakan penyebab utama kematian secara global. Di Indonesia, penyakit kardiovaskular mengalami peningkatan prevalensi setiap tahunnya dan menempati peringkat tertinggi sebagai penyebab kematian terutama pada usia produktif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian penyakit kardiovaskular pada penduduk usia produktif di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta berdasarkan data Riset Kesehatan Dasar 2018. Desain studi penelitian ini adalah cross-sectional dengan analisis bivariat. Hasil penelitian menunjukan prevalensi penyakit kardiovaskular pada penduduk usia produktif di Provinsi DI Yogyakarta pada tahun 2018 adalah sebesar 2,7%. Faktor yang berhubungan secaara statistik dengan kejadian penyakit kardiovaskular yaitu umur (POR = 4,615; 95% CI: 3,489-6,104), jenis kelamin (POR = 0,751; 95% CI: 0,566-0,995), tingkat pendidikan (POR = 1,405; 95% CI: 1,064 – 1,855), hipertensi (nilai POR = 2,391; 95% CI: 1,810-3,158), diabetes melitus (POR = 8,531; 95% CI: 5,899 – 12,337), status merokok (POR = 1,979; 95% CI: 1,327-2,950; dan POR = 2,794; 95% CI: 1,738-4,492), obesitas (POR = 1,630; 95% CI: 1,206 - 2,204), aktivitas fisik (POR = 1,968; 95% CI: 1,292 – 2,999), gangguan mental emosional (POR = 2,344; 95% CI: 1,661 – 3,307), konsumsi makanan asin (POR = 0,693; 95% CI: 0,519 – 0,927), dan konsumsi makanan lemak/kolesterol/gorengan (POR = 0,698; 95% CI: 0,517 – 0,944). Sementara itu, konsumsi buah dan sayur serta konsumsi alkohol tidak berhubungan secara statistik dengan kejadian penyakit kardiovaskular. Optimalisasi program pengendalian PTM seperti CERDIK dapat membantu pencegahan kejadian penyakit kardiovaskular.
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death globally. In Indonesia, cardiovascular disease has an increasing prevalence every year and ranks highest as a cause of death, especially in productive age. This study aims to determine the factors associated with the incidence of cardiovascular disease in the productive age population in the Special Region of Yogyakarta based on data from the 2018 Basic Health Research. The design of this research study was cross-sectional with bivariate analysis. The results showed that the prevalence of cardiovascular disease in the productive age population in Yogyakarta Province in 2018 was 2.7%. Statistically related factors to cardiovascular disease incidence were age (POR = 4.615; 95% CI: 3.489-6.104), sex (POR = 0.751; 95% CI: 0.566-0.995), education level (POR = 1.405; 95% CI: 1.064 – 1.855), hypertension (POR value = 2.391; 95% CI: 1.810-3.158), diabetes mellitus (POR = 8.531; 95% CI: 5.899 – 12.337), smoking status (POR = 1.979; 95% CI: 1.327-2.950; and POR = 2.794; 95% CI: 1.738-4.492), obesity (POR = 1.630; 95% CI: 1.206 - 2.204), physical activity (POR = 1.968; 95% CI: 1.292 – 2.999), mental emotional disorders (POR = 2.344; 95% CI: 1.661 – 3.307), consumption of salty foods (POR = 0.693; 95% CI: 0.519 – 0.927), and consumption of fat/cholesterol/fried foods (POR = 0.698; 95% CI: 0.517 – 0.944). Meanwhile, fruit and vegetable consumption and alcohol consumption were not statistically associated with the incidence of cardiovascular disease. Optimization of NCD control programs such as CERDIK can help prevent cardiovascular disease events.