Abstrak
Latar Belakang: Kampus Universitas Indonesia memiliki fasilitas pelayanan alat penyedia air siap minum yang dapat mengubah air tanah menjadi air siap minum. Penggunaan air tanah masih dominan di Kampus Universitas Indonesia Kota Depok. Kota Depok memiliki karakteristik jenis tanah yang terbentuk dari pelapukan batuan sedimen sehingga air tanah Kota Depok berpeluang mengandung logam berat berupa mangan dan kromium heksavalen. Tujuan: Mengestimasi besaran risiko kesehatan akibat pajanan mangan dan kromium heksavalen melalui asupan air siap minum yang dikonsumsi mahasiswa Universitas Indonesia. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan studi Analisis Risiko Kesehatan Lingkungan (ARKL). Penelitian dilakukan pada tahun 2023 di Kampus Utama Universitas Indonesia yang terletak di Kota Depok, Jawa Barat. Total responden yang diwawancarai sebanyak 60 mahasiswa dan sampel air siap minum berjumlah 9 sampel yang dikumpulkan dari 8 fakultas yang berbeda. Hasil: Terdapat 1 sampel air siap minum yang kadar konsentrasi mangannnya melebihi standar baku mutu dan kadar konsentrasi kromium heksavalen pada seluruh sampel air siap minum sudah memenuhi standar baku mutu berdasarkan Permenkes No 2 Tahun 2023. Jumlah estimasi rata-rata intake pajanan mangan dan kromium heksavalen masing-masing sebesar 1.21×10-5 mg/kg/hari dan 7.12×10-7 mg/kg/hari (realtime) serta 8.75×10-5 mg/kg/hari dan 5.15×10-6 mg/kg/hari (lifespan). Tingkat risiko pajanan mangan dan kromium heksavalen masing-masing sebesar 8.64×10-5 dan 2.37×10-4 (realtime) serta 6.25×10-4 dan 1.72×10-3 (lifespan). Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa air siap minum tidak berisiko menimbulkan gangguan kesehatan (RQ ≤ 1) sehingga air siap minum aman untuk dikonsumsi.
Background: The University of Indonesia campus has a ready-to-drink water service facility that can convert groundwater into ready-to-drink water. The use of groundwater is dominant on the University of Indonesia campus in Depok City. Depok City has the characteristic of a soil type that is formed from the weathering of sedimentary rocks, so that Depok City's groundwater has the possibility of containing heavy metals, such as manganese and hexavalent chromium. Objective: To estimate the magnitude of health risk due to exposure to manganese and hexavalent chromium through the intake of ready-to-drink water consumed by University of Indonesia students. Methods: This research uses the Environmental Health Risk Analysis (ERHA) study approach. The research was conducted in 2023 at University of Indonesia campus in Depok City. The total number of respondents interviewed was 60 students, and 9 samples of ready-to-drink water were collected from 8 faculties. Results: There is 1 ready-to-drink water sample where the manganese concentration exceeds the quality standard, and the hexavalent chromium concentration level in all samples meets the quality standards based on Permenkes No. 2 of 2023. The estimated average intake of manganese and hexavalent chromium exposure respectively is 1.21×10-5 mg/kg/day and 7.12×10-7 mg/kg/day (realtime) and 8.75×10-5 mg/kg/day and 5.15×10-6 mg/kg/day (lifespan). The risk levels of exposure to manganese and hexavalent chromium respectively were 8.64×10-5 and 2.37×10-4 (realtime) and 6.25×10-4 and 1.72×10-3 (lifespan). These results indicate that ready-to-drink water has no risk of causing health problems (RQ ≤ 1), so can be classified as safe to drink water.