Abstrak
Stasiun Pengisian Bahan Bakar Umum (SPBU) merupakan fasilitas penjualan Bahan Bakar Minyak (BBM) ke masyarakat yang memiliki potensi bahaya dan berisiko tinggi terjadi kecelakaan. Selama tahun 2017-2018 telah terjadi 120 kecelakaan SPBU di Indonesia. Dua faktor utama yang berkontribusi terhadap kecelakaan, yaitu faktor manusia dan faktor organisasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini menghasilkan instrumen pengukuran iklim keselamatan dan perilaku keselamatan konsumen SPBU serta model perilaku konsumen dan iklim keselamatan di SPBU yang memiliki nilai kebaruan dan orisinalitas. Tahap pertama dalam penelitian adalah penyusunan parameter ukur perilaku selamat dengan menggunakan referensi studi literatur. Pengukuran perilaku selamat dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan data dari pekerja SPBU di seluruh Indonesia dan masyarakat konsumen SPBU di wilayah Jawa Barat melalui kuesioner daring. Hasil pengumpulan data dianalisis secara kuantitatif menggunakan PLS-SEM. Hasil analisis penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel iklim keselamatan SPBU yang memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap kepatuhan dan partisipasi keselamatan pekerja, yaitu komitmen manajemen dan pemberdayaan keselamatan melalui mediasi variabel komunikasi keselamatan, aturan dan prosedur keselamatan, serta pelatihan keselamatan. Pada model perilaku selamat konsumen SPBU, Komunikasi operator, rambu keselamatan, media promosi, dan regulasi pemerintah secara signifikan mempengaruhi perilaku selamat konsumen melalui mediasi variabel norma, sikap, persepsi ancaman, serta persepsi benefit & barrier. Penelitian ini memiliki nilai manfaat yang tinggi karena menghasilkan 27 butir rekomendasi untuk pemerintah, badan usaha niaga migas, dan pengelola SPBU. Selain itu hasil penelitian ini dapat dikembangkan pada 6 topik penelitian lanjutan.
Fuel Stations are facilities for selling fuel to the public which has a potential hazard and a high risk of accidents. During 2017-2018 there were 120 gas station accidents in Indonesia. Two main factors contribute to accidents, namely human factors and organizational factors. The purpose of this research is to produce an instrument for measuring safety climate and consumer safety behavior at petrol stations as well as a model for consumer behavior and safety climate at gas stations, which are novel and original. The first stage of the research was the preparation of parameters for measuring safe behavior using references to literature studies. Measurement of safe behavior is carried out by collecting data from gas station workers throughout Indonesia and gas station consumers in West Jawa Province through online questionnaires. The results of data collection were analyzed quantitatively using PLS-SEM. The results of the research analysis show that the variables of gas station safety climate that significantly influence safety compliance and participation are namely management commitment and management empowerment, with safety communication, safety rules and procedures, and safety training as mediators. In the gas station consumer safety behavior model, operator communication, safety signs, promotion media, and government regulation significantly influence consumer safety behavior with norms, attitudes, perceived threat, and perceived benefit & barrier as mediators. This research has great value with 27 recommendations for the government, the oil and gas enterprise with downstream permit, and fuel station owners. This study results can also be expanded to more 6 new research topics.