Abstrak
Ditemukan adanya tren peningkatan kasus stunting di Puskesmas Kebon Jeruk Jakarta Barat pada tahun 2021-2022. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memberikan gambaran umum dan mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan status gizi balita (0-59 bulan) berdasarkan indeks PB/U atau TB/U di Puskesmas Kebon Jeruk Jakarta Barat tahun 2023. Data berasal dari Data Balita Bermasalah Gizi Puskesmas dengan menggunakan desain studi potong lintang. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 771 balita dan dianalisis dengan uji statistik chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan prevalensi balita pendek (stunted) di Puskesmas Kebon Jeruk tahun 2023 sebanyak 537 balita (69,6%). Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan secara signifikan, yaitu umur 24-59 bulan (POR = 1,564; 95% CI: 1,148-2,129), adanya penyakit penyerta (POR = 1,516; 95% CI: 1,105-2,078), konsumsi gizi tidak seimbang (POR = 2,697; 95% CI: 1,704-4,269), imunisasi dasar tidak lengkap (POR = 2,086; 95% CI: 1,526-2,853), asupan gizi ibu selama hamil tidak tercukupi (POR = 2,217; 95% CI: 1,592-3,088), dan riwayat ibu hamil kekurangan energi kronis (POR = 1,784; 95% CI: 1,306-2,435). Sedangkan, variabel jenis kelamin balita, jamban sehat di tempat tinggal, pengelolaan sampah dan limbah rumah tangga, dan akses bersih termasuk ke dalam kelompok faktor protektif. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat bermanfaat bagi pengembangan program gizi bagi puskesmas selaku pelaksana program, meningkatkan kesadaran dan peran serta masyarakat umum, serta untuk referensi bagi penelitian selanjutnya.
It was found that there was an increasing trend in stunting cases at the Kebon Jeruk PHC, West Jakarta in 2021-2022. This research aims to provide a general overview and determine the factors related to the nutritional status of toddlers (0-59 months) based on the PB/U or TB/U index at the Kebon Jeruk PHC, West Jakarta in 2023. Data were obtained from Data of Toddlers with Nutritional Problems in PHC using a cross-sectional study design. The research sample consisted of 771 toddlers and was analyzed using the chi-square statistical test. The research results show that the prevalence of stunted toddlers at the Kebon Jeruk PHC in 2023 is 537 toddlers (69.6%). Factors that were significantly related were age 24-59 months (POR = 1.564; 95% CI: 1.148-2.129), presence of comorbidities (POR = 1.516; 95% CI: 1.105-2.078), unbalanced nutritional consumption (POR = 2.697; 95% CI: 1.704-4.269), incomplete basic immunization (POR = 2.086; 95% CI: 1.526-2.853), inadequate maternal nutritional intake during pregnancy (POR = 2.217; 95% CI: 1.592-3.088 ), and a history of chronic energy deficiency in pregnant women (POR = 1.784; 95% CI: 1.306-2.435). Meanwhile, the variables of toddler's gender, healthy toilets in the residence, household waste management, and access to cleanliness are included in the group of protective factors. It is hoped that this research will be useful for developing nutrition programs for PHC as program implementers, increasing awareness and participation of the general public, and as a reference for further research.