Abstrak
Keamanan pangan mutlak diperlukan untuk kesehatan masyarakat. Perubahan konsumsi masyarakat akan pangan praktis mendorong berkembangnya pangan steril komersial setelah dikemas produksi UMK. Pangan steril komersial setelah dikemas memiliki risiko penyakit botulisme yang dapat berakibat kesakitan, bahkan kematian. Adanya risiko tersebut menjadikan pemerintah menerbitkan kebijakan Peraturan Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan (PerBPOM) Nomor 10 Tahun 2023 tentang Penerapan Program Manajemen Risiko (PMR) Keamanan Pangan di Sarana Produksi Pangan Olahan yang mewajibkan penerapan PMR Bertahap bagi UMK guna menjamin keamanan pangannya. Penelitian bertujuan untuk diketahui kinerja implementasi kebijakan PMR Bertahap. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan memanfaatkan data hasil wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan telaah dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tujuan dan ukuran cukup jelas. Dukungan sumber daya belum optimal dalam hal anggaran, biaya dan insentif. Komunikasi belum efektif dalam fokus penyampaian materi. Karakteristik badan pelaksana belum optimal, masih terkendala dalam koordinasi stakeholder, SDM dan SPO. Disposisi pelaksana belum optimal karena kurangnya kemampuan UMK sebagai pelaksana. Lingkungan ekonomi, sosial dan politik belum cukup baik mendukung kebijakan. Kesimpulan penelitian berupa kinerja implementasi PerBPOM Nomor 10 Tahun 2023 tidak terimplementasikan (non implementation) karena belum berjalan sesuai dengan yang direncanakan. Peningkatan efektivitas implementasi membutuhkan fasilitasi gratis pengujian F0, pengaturan tarif uji F0, penyediaan insentif, penguatan, dan pencitraan kebijakan.
Food safety is absolutely necessary for public health. Changes in people's consumption of practical food have encouraged the development of commercial sterile food after being packaged for micro and small enterprise production. Commercial sterile food after packaging has a risk of botulism which can result in illness, even death. The risk of botulism in consuming this type of food has prompted the government to issue a Food and Drug Supervisory Agency (PerBPOM) Regulation Number 10 of 2023 concerning the Implementation of the Food Safety Risk Management (PMR) Program in Processed Food Production Facilities, which requires the implementation of a Phased Risk Management Program (PMR Bertahap) for MSEs to ensure the safety of this food. For this reason, this research aims to determine the performance of the implementation of the Phased PMR policy. The research was conducted using a qualitative approach utilizing data from in-depth interviews, observations and document reviews. The results showed that the goals and measures were clearly. Resource support has not been optimal in terms of budget, costs and incentives. Communication has not been effective in disseminating policies. The characteristics of the implementing agency are not yet optimal, there are still problems in coordinating stakeholders, human resources and SPO. The disposition of the implementer is not optimal due to the lack of ability of the implementer. The economic, social and political environment is not good enough to support policy. The research conclusion is that the implementation performance of PerBPOM Number 10 of 2023 is not implemented (non-implementation) because it has not gone according to plan. Increasing the effectiveness of implementation requires free facilitation of F0 testing, setting F0 test rates, providing incentives, strengthening and branding policies.