Abstrak

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) merupakan gangguan perkembangan neurologis yang memengaruhi interaksi sosial, komunikasi dan perilaku seseorang. Penyandang ASD di Indonesia saat ini berkisar 2,4 juta.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh strategi coping terhadap kualitas hidup keluarga. Penelitian kualitatif ini menggunakan pendekatan studi kasus yang dilakukan di Biro Psikologi BIG, DKJ dengan 4 orang tua yang memiliki anak ASD dan 2 informan kunci yang merupakan tokoh komunitas dan konselor di biro psikologi BIG. Hasil wawancara mendalam menunjukkan tidak semua orang tua memiliki pengetahuan dan penerimaan terhadap kondisi autisme. Sebagian besar keluarga memiliki sumber daya ekonomi yang baik sehingga mampu mengakses layanan terapi dan pendidikan. Sebagian orang tua mendapatkan dukungan keluarga dan komunitas. Seluruh keluarga menggunakan dua strategi coping saat menghadapi situasi sulit. Coping yang berfokus pada masalah terlihat melalui upaya konkrit mencari bantuan profesional dan fokus pada pemecahan masalah seperti konseling, terapi dan menyekolahkan anak di sekolah khusus, sedangkan coping yang berfokus pada emosi terlihat melalui aktivitas berdoa, beribadah, me time atau mencari hiburan. Kualitas hidup keluarga sangat dipengaruhi oleh interaksi antara personal attributes dan stable environment attributes.


Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects a person's social interaction, communication, and behavior. In Indonesia, the prevalence of ASD is estimated at 2.4 million individuals. This study aimed to explore the coping strategies and their impact on the quality of life of families. This qualitative study employed a case study approach conducted at the Psychology Bureau BIG, Jakarta, involving four parents of children with ASD and two key informants (a community leader and a counselor at the Psychology Bureau BIG). In-depth interviews revealed that not all parents knew about the causes of autism; two families had good acceptance of their child's ASD condition, while two others were still in denial. Most families had good economic resources, enabling them to access therapy and education services. Some parents received support from family and community. All families used both problem-focused and emotion-focused coping strategies when facing difficulties. Problem-focused coping was evident in concrete efforts such as seeking professional help and focusing on problem-solving, including counseling, therapy, and enrolling the child in special schools. Meanwhile, emotion-focused coping was observed through activities like praying, worshiping, self-care activities, or seeking entertainment. The interaction between personal attributes and stable environment attributes significantly influenced the family's quality of life.