Abstrak
Hipertensi merupakan penyakit tidak menular dengan prevalensi tinggi di Indonesia dan berisiko menimbulkan komplikasi serius jika tidak tertangani dengan baik. Di Kabupaten Belitung, capaian pelayanan hipertensi belum mencapai target 100% sesuai Standar Pelayanan Minimal (SPM). Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis implementasi pelayanan hipertensi berdasarkan SPM tahun 2024 menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif studi kasus dan model Donabedian (struktur, proses, hasil). Informan terdiri dari pengelola program, tenaga kesehatan, kepala Puskesmas, dan pemerintah desa di empat Puskesmas. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, observasi, dan telaah dokumen pada Februari–Mei 2025.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan keterbatasan SDM, ketidakterpaduan regulasi, serta bervariasinya dukungan desa memengaruhi efektivitas layanan. Proses pelayanan seperti deteksi dini, terapi, edukasi, dan pencatatan di aplikasi ASIK belum berjalan sistematis. Capaian pelayanan tahun 2024 berada di kisaran 44,76–92,66% dengan rata-rata 76,10%. Kepatuhan pasien dalam minum obat rendah dan pengukuran mutu belum konsisten. Kesimpulannya, pelayanan hipertensi belum memenuhi target nasional. Diperlukan penguatan regulasi teknis, distribusi SDM yang merata, peningkatan kapasitas pelaksana, serta kolaborasi lintas sektor dengan dukungan desa dan kader untuk mewujudkan layanan hipertensi yang merata dan bermutu.
Hypertension is a prevalent non-communicable disease in Indonesia that poses a serious risk of complications if not properly managed. In Belitung Regency, hypertension service coverage has not yet reached the 100% target set by the Minimum Service Standards (SPM). This study aims to analyze the implementation of hypertension health services based on the 2024 SPM using a qualitative case study approach and the Donabedian model (structure, process, outcome). Informants included program managers, health workers, health center heads, and village government representatives from four selected health centers. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, direct observations, and document review from February to May 2025. The findings reveal that limitations in human resources, lack of integrated technical regulations, and varying levels of village support affect service effectiveness. Service processes such as early detection, therapy, education, and documentation through the ASIK application are not yet fully systematic. In 2024, service coverage ranged from 44.76% to 92.66%, with a district average of 76.10%. Patient medication adherence remains low, and quality measurement is inconsistent. It is concluded that the implementation of hypertension services in Belitung Regency has not met the national target. Strengthening operational regulations, equitable distribution of human resources, capacity building for service providers, and cross-sector collaboration with support from village governments and community health workers are needed to achieve equitable and quality hypertension care.