Abstrak
Pekerja di sektor perkantoran, khususnya industri penerbitan, seperti editor buku, setter, desainer grafis, dan staf administrasi rentan mengalami gangguan muskuloskeletal (MSD) akibat posisi kerja statis, penggunaan komputer yang intensif, dan desain workstation yang kurang ergonomis. Namun, penelitian mengenai ergonomi di industri penerbitan di Indonesia masih terbatas dan perlu dikaji lebih lanjut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor risiko ergonomi yang memengaruhi keluhan gangguan muskuloskeletal pada editor buku, setter, desainer grafis, dan staf administrasi di Penerbit X tahun 2025 serta memberikan rekomendasi kegiatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan desain studi cross sectional. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode proportional random sampling. Jumlah sampel yang didapatkan yaitu 86 orang. Untuk mengukur keluhan gangguan muskuloskeletal menggunakan kuesioner Nordic Body Map (NBM), dan untuk mengukur postur kerja menggunakan Rapid Rapid Office Strain Assesment (ROSA). Analisis data menggunakan uji Chi-square dengan nilai p <0,05. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa terdapat 54,7% responden mengalami keluhan gangguan muskuloskeletal. Keluhan terbanyak yang dirasakan responden yaitu daerah leher (85%), bahu (69%), punggung bawah (67%), punggung atas (60%), dan pergelangan tangan (52%). Sebagian besar skor ROSA responden <5, tetapi masih ada responden yang mendapatkan skor ≥5 (26,7%). Penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara usia responden (>28 tahun) dan keluhan gangguan muskuloskeletal, dengan nilai p = 0,041. Selain itu, terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara postur kerja dan keluhan gangguan muskuloskeletal (p = 0,016). Masa kerja responden (>5 tahun) juga berhubungan dengan keluhan gangguan muskuloskeletal (p = 0,004). Selanjutnya, ditemukan pula hubungan antara kepuasan kerja responden dan keluhan gangguan muskuloskeletal, dengan nilai p = 0,034. Berdasarkan temuan tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa keluhan gangguan muskuloskeletal pada pekerja di Penerbit X berhubungan dengan usia, postur kerja, masa kerja, dan kepuasan kerja.
Office workers, particularly those in the publishing industry such as book editors, setters, designers, and administrative staff, are prone to experiencing musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) due to static working postures, intensive computer use, and poorly designed workstations. However, research on ergonomics in the publishing industry in Indonesia remains limited and requires further investigation. This study aims to analyze ergonomic risk factors that influence musculoskeletal complaints among book editors, setters, designers, and administrative staff at Publisher X in 2025, and to provide recommended interventions. This research employs a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional study design. Samples were selected using proportional random sampling, resulting in a total of 86 respondents. Musculoskeletal complaints were measured using the Nordic Body Map (NBM) questionnaire, while working postures were assessed using the Rapid Office Strain Assessment (ROSA) method. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test with a significance level of p < 0.05. The results showed that 54.7% of respondents reported musculoskeletal complaints. The most frequently reported areas of discomfort were the neck (85%), shoulders (69%), lower back (67%), upper back (60%), and wrists (52%). Although most respondents had ROSA scores of less than 5, there were still some respondents with scores ≥5 (26.7%). This study found a significant association between respondents' age (>28 years) and musculoskeletal complaints, with a p-value of 0.041. Additionally, there was a significant relationship between working posture and musculoskeletal complaints (p = 0.016). The respondents’ length of service (>5 years) was also significantly associated with musculoskeletal complaints (p = 0.004). Furthermore, job satisfaction was found to be significantly related to musculoskeletal complaints (p = 0.034). Based on these findings, it can be concluded that musculoskeletal complaints among workers at Publisher X are associated with age, working posture, length of service, and job satisfaction.