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Malaria menjadi tantangan kesehatan masyarakat yang signifikan terutama di wilayah tropis dan subtropis. menurut organisasi kesehatan dunia WHO, sekitar 249 juta kasus malaria dilaporkan di 85 negara endemik [1]. Kabupaten Banjarnegara merupakahn salah satu wilayah peringkat ketiga di Jawa tengah di wilayah dataran tinggi. Kejadian malaria dapat dikaitkan dengan berbagai faktor, termasuk iklim seperti suhu, curah hujan dan kelembapan yang dapat memengaruhi dinamika populasi nyamuk Anpheles, yang merupakan vektor utama malaria. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana faktor iklim dan kejadian malaria di Kabupaten Banjarnegara selama periode 2014-2024. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi ekologi dengan pendekatan time-trend analisis. Data kejadian malaria di Indonesia, serta data iklim dari Dinas Kesehatan Banjarnegara, dan BMKG dan POWER NASA. Data diolah menggunakan teknik korelasi dan regresi linier berganda. Hasil analisis bivariat suhu udara menunjukkan hubungan yang lebih stabil dan signifikan secara statistik terhadap peningkatan kasus malaria. Korelasi paling kuat dan signifikan ditemukan pada tahun 2018 (r = 0,646; p = 0,014), dengan uji Pearson. Analisis multivariat nilai (B = 2.381). Nilai koefisien determinasi (R²) sebesar  0,239 menunjukkan bahwa model dapat menjelaskan sekitar 23.9% variasi kejadian malaria. Ini mengindikasikan bahwa setiap kenaikan suhu sebesar 1°C berkorelasi dengan peningkatan rata-rata 2,38 kasus malaria per bulan. Hasil ini mencerminkan bahwa meskipun faktor iklim memiliki kontribusi terhadap kejadian malaria, masih terdapat faktor lain di luar model yang turut memengaruhi.

Kata kunci:

Curah Hujan, Kabupaten Banjarnegara, Kelembapan Relatif, Malaria, Suhu.


Malaria remains a significant public health challenge, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), approximately 249 million malaria cases were reported across 85 endemic countries. Banjarnegara Regency, located in a highland area, ranks third in malaria incidence in Central Java. Malaria transmission is influenced by various factors, including climatic variables such as temperature, rainfall, and humidity, which affect the population dynamics of Anopheles mosquitoes—the primary vectors of malaria. This study aims to analyze the relationship between climatic factors and malaria incidence in Banjarnegara Regency from 2014 to 2024. An ecological study design with a time-trend analytical approach was employed. Malaria incidence data were obtained from the Banjarnegara Health Office, while climate data were sourced from the Meteorological, Climatological, and Geophysical Agency (BMKG) and NASA POWER. Data were analyzed using correlation and multiple linear regression techniques. Bivariate analysis showed that air temperature had a more stable and statistically significant association with malaria cases. The strongest and most significant correlation was observed in 2018 (r = 0.646; p = 0.014) using Pearson’s test. In multivariate analysis, the regression coefficient (B = 2.381) and the coefficient of determination (R² = 0.239) indicated that the model explains approximately 23.9% of the variation in malaria incidence. This suggests that each 1°C increase in temperature is associated with an average increase of 2.38 malaria cases per month. These findings highlight that while climatic factors contribute to malaria incidence, other factors beyond the model also play a significant role.  Keywords: Banjarnegara Regency, Malaria, Rainfall, Relative Humidity, Temperature.  Correspondence Syifa Rifqa Ainur Rahmah. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java. Email: syifarifqa.a.r@gmail.com Mobile: 081380376644