Abstrak
Indonesia telah memasuki fase ageing population yang ditandai dengan peningkatan bermakna proporsi penduduk lanjut usia (lansia) dari 3,43% pada 2015 menjadi 12,0% pada 2024. Oleh karena itu, perlu adanaya respon terhadap dinamika tersebut dengan implementasi pelayanan geriatri terpadu yang dirancang untuk melayani populasi lansia secara komprehensif dan efisien dengan pendekatan “one stop service” perlu didukung dengan berbasis bukti agar pelayanan tersebut menjadi solusi yang strategis. Pelayanan geriatri terpadu menerapkan sistem integrated care for older people (ICOPE) guna menilai penurunan kapasitas intrinsik lansia dan kuesioner Ina-FRAIL untuk menilai sindroma rapuh pada lansia. Kedua penilai tersebut saling terkait satu sama lain untuk mendukung penilaian sindroma geriatrik dan risiko yang dapat terjadi. Implementasi yang terbatas oleh rumah sakit di kota bandung khususnya Rumah sakit humana prima menjadi indikasi dalam upaya menerapkan pelayanan geriatrik terpadu berbasis ICOPE dan Ina-FRAIL dalam menilai setiap lansia yang berkunjung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai kondisi kerapuhan pada pasien lanjut usia dengan pendekatan ICOPE melalui pelayanan geriatrik terpadu di rumah sakit humana prima. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif menggunakan pendekatan true eksperimen dengan cara memberikan penilaian kepada lansia berdasarkan kuesioner ICOPE dan Ina-FRAIL yang bertujuan untuk menilai penurunan kapasitas instrinsik dan kerapuhan pada lansia. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa terdapat 50% lansia terjadi penurunan kognitif, 56% lansia terjadi keterbatasan mobilitas, 46% mengalami hilang nafsu makan, 56% terjadi gangguan visual, 23% terjadi hilang pendenganra, dan 73% terjadi hilang minat pada lansia. Penilaian kerapuhan pada kelompok kontrol dan kelompok intervensi menunjukan perbedaan yang bermakna baik sebelum dan sesudah penerapan ICOPE, dan ditemukan hubungan yang bermakna antara tingkat kerapuhan dengan sindroma geriatrik. Evaluasi dari kondisi bangunan, ruangan, ketersediaan fasilitas, tim terpadu geriatri, dan alur pelayanan, rumah sakit humana prima dapat melakukan pelayanan geriatri tingkat sederhana berupa pelayanan rawat jalan dan rawat inap akut.
Indonesia has entered an aging population phase characterized by a significant increase in the proportion of the elderly population (elderly) from 3.43% in 2015 to 12.0% in 2024. Therefore, it is necessary to respond to these dynamics by implementing integrated geriatric services designed to serve the elderly population comprehensively and efficiently with a “one stop service” approach that needs to be supported by evidence-based services so that these services become strategic solutions. Integrated geriatric services apply the integrated care for older people (ICOPE) system to assess the decline in intrinsic capacity of the elderly and the Ina-FRAIL questionnaire to assess frailty syndrome in the elderly. The two assessments are interlinked to support the assessment of geriatric syndromes and risks. Limited implementation by hospitals in the city of Bandung, especially Humana Prima Hospital, is an indication of efforts to implement integrated geriatric services based on ICOPE and Ina-FRAIL in assessing every elderly person who visits. This study aims to assess the condition of fragility in elderly patients with the ICOPE approach through integrated geriatric services at Humana Prima Hospital. This study is a quantitative study using a true experimental approach by giving assessments to the elderly based on the ICOPE and Ina-FRAIL questionnaires which aim to assess the decline in instrinsic capacity and fragility in the elderly. The results showed that 50% of the elderly had cognitive decline, 56% of the elderly had limited mobility, 46% had loss of appetite, 56% had visual impairment, 23% had hearing loss, and 73% had loss of interest in the elderly. Fragility assessment in the control group and intervention group showed significant differences both before and after the application of ICOPE, and a significant relationship was found between the level of fragility and geriatric syndrome. Evaluating the condition of the building, rooms, availability of facilities, geriatric integrated team, and service flow, Humana Prima Hospital can provide simple geriatric services in the form of outpatient and acute inpatient services.