Meskipun Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) telah berjalan satu dekade, kesenjangan angka kematian ibu antara Indonesia Timur dan Barat masih mencolok. Studi ini mengetahui dampak JKN sebagai intervensi finansial dalam mendorong pemanfaatan layanan kesehatan maternal. Analisis ini menggunakan data Survei Kesehatan Indonesia (SKI) 2023 mencakup 16.354 perempuan usia 15-49 tahun yang melahirkan dalam dua tahun terakhir. Dampak kepesertaan JKN dianalisis terhadap empat komponen layanan yaitu: (a) kunjungan antenatal care (ANC) minimal 4 kali, (b) persalinan di fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan, (c) kunjungan nifas pertama (KF1), dan (d) kontinum perawatan. Melalui metode Propensity Score Matching, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepesertaan JKN secara signifikan meningkatkan seluruh komponen layanan tersebut. Dampak terbesar terdapat pada persalinan di fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan (9,6 poin persentase, 95% CI=8,0-11,2); diikuti kontinum perawatan (7,2 pp, 95% CI=5,1-9,4); ANC4+ (4,8 pp, 95% CI=2,7-6,9); dan KF1 (4,7 pp, 95% CI=3,0-6,4). Besaran dampak lebih besar pada kelompok miskin dan mereka yang tinggal di Regional 5, seperti Indonesia Timur dan Sulawesi. Perluasan cakupan asuransi kesehatan berhubungan dengan berkurangnya kesenjangan sosiodemografis dalam pemanfaatan layanan kesehatan maternal di Indonesia. Meskipun demikian, disparitas yang signifikan dalam pemanfaatan layanan masih bertahan antar regional dan kelompok ekonomi.

Despite a decade of implementation, Indonesia's National Health Insurance (Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional – JKN) program has not resolved the profound regional inequity in maternal mortality ratios between the country's Eastern and Western regions. This study investigates whether this financial intervention has effectively improved the utilization of essential maternal health services. We conducted a secondary analysis of cross-sectional data from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey (Survei Kesehatan Indonesia – SKI). The sample included 16,354 women of reproductive age (15–49 years) who had birth in the preceding two years. The impact of JKN enrollment on key maternal health service indicators was assessed using Propensity Score Matching to control for observable confounders. Outcome measures included: (1) ≥4 antenatal care (ANC) visits, (2) skilled birth attendance at a health facility, (3) receipt of a first postnatal care (PNC) check within the critical period, and (4) completion of the full continuum of care (CoC). The greatest effect was observed for facility-based delivery (9.6 percentage points, 95% CI=8.0-11.2), followed by complete continuum of care (7.2 pp, 95% CI=5.1-9.4), ≥4 ANC visits (4.8 pp, 95% CI=2.7-6.9), and the first postnatal visit (4.7 pp, 95% CI = 3.0-6.4). Effect sizes were larger among the poor and those residing in Regional 5, such as Eastern Indonesia and Sulawesi. Expansion of health insurance coverage was associated with reductions in sociodemographic inequalities in maternal health service utilization in Indonesia. However, significant disparities in utilization persist across regions and by economic group.