Hipertensi merupakan penyakit tidak menular yang menjadi masalah kesehatan serius di perkotaan, termasuk di Jakarta Selatan yang memiliki tingkat pajanan polusi udara Particulate Matter (PM 2,5) yang tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara konsentrasi PM 2,5 dengan kejadian hipertensi, serta hubungannya berdasarkan faktor individu (usia, jenis kelamin, dan obesitas) di Jakarta Selatan selama tahun 2024. Penelitian menggunakan desain studi ekologi tipe by place dengan unit analisis 10 kecamatan. Data sekunder diperoleh dari jaringan pemantauan kualitas udara Nafas dan data surveilans Suku Dinas Kesehatan Jakarta Selatan periode Januari–Desember 2024. Analisis korelasi Spearman dilakukan untuk melihat hubungan antara variabel bebas dengan jumlah kunjungan hipertensi. Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata konsentrasi PM 2,5 di seluruh kecamatan melampaui baku mutu udara ambien tahunan. Secara statistik, tidak ditemukan hubungan yang signifikan antara konsentrasi PM 2,5 dengan total kejadian hipertensi (p > 0,05), maupun pada pengelompokan berdasarkan usia, jenis kelamin, dan status obesitas. Namun, terdapat variasi spasial di mana Kecamatan Jagakarsa menunjukkan hubungan yang kuat dan signifikan. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, meskipun hubungan statistik pada tingkat agregat tidak signifikan, strategi pengendalian kualitas udara dan deteksi dini hipertensi tetap diperlukan, serta disarankan penelitian lanjutan dengan desain studi kohort menggunakan data individu untuk menangkap dampak pajanan jangka panjang secara lebih akurat.

Hypertension is a non-communicable disease posing a serious health issue in urban areas, including South Jakarta, which experiences high exposure to Particulate Matter (PM 2.5) air pollution. This study aims to analyze the relationship between PM 2.5 concentration and hypertension incidence, as well as its relationship based on individual factors (age, gender, and obesity) in South Jakarta during 2024. The study employed an ecological study design (by place) with 10 districts as the unit of analysis. Secondary data were obtained from the Nafas air quality monitoring network and the South Jakarta Health Office surveillance data for the period of January–December 2024. Spearman correlation analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between independent variables and hypertension visit counts. Bivariate analysis results indicated that the average PM 2.5 concentration in all districts exceeded the annual ambient air quality standards. Statistically, no significant relationship was found between PM 2.5 concentration and total hypertension incidence (p > 0.05), nor in groupings based on age, gender, and obesity status. However, spatial variation was observed, with the Jagakarsa district showing a strong and significant relationship. Based on these results, although the statistical relationship at the aggregate level was not significant, air quality control strategies and early hypertension detection remain necessary, and future research using a cohort study design with individual data is recommended to more accurately capture the effects of long-term exposure.