Ketimpangan distribusi dokter spesialis di Indonesia masih menjadi tantangan dalam pemenuhan keadilan akses layanan kesehatan. Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah (RSUD) diwajibkan memenuhi standar minimal melalui penyediaan 7 dokter spesialis (anak, bedah, obstetri dan ginekologi, penyakit dalam, anestesi radiologi, dan patologi klinik). Namun, kenyataannya masih banyak RSUD beroperasi tanpa tim spesialis yang lengkap, sehingga berimplikasi pada kualitas pelayanan dan jaminan keselamatan pasien di daerah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan karakteristik struktural rumah sakit (klasifikasi kelas, status kepemilikan, dan letak wilayah regional) terhadap tingkat kelengkapan 7 dokter spesialis sesuai standar di RSUD Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain studi cross-sectional menggunakan data sekunder dari portal Sistem Informasi Sumber Daya Manusia Kesehatan (SISDMK) dan RS Online per Mei 2026. Pemilihan sampel menggunakan metode total sampling, dengan total 830 RSUD. Analisis data menggunakan Chi-Square untuk menilai hubungan antarvariabel. Mayoritas RSUD di Indonesia (64,7%) tercatat belum memenuhi standar kelengkapan 7 dokter spesialis dasar dan penunjang. Hasil uji Chi-Square membuktikan adanya hubungan yang sangat signifikan secara statistik antara klasifikasi kelas, status kepemilikan, dan wilayah regional (p-value < 0,05) dengan kelengkapan dokter spesialis. Tingkat kelengkapan lebih banyak ditemukan pada RSUD Kelas A, RSUD yang dikelola oleh Pemerintah Provinsi, dan yang berada di wilayah Jawa-Bali. Temuan ini menjelaskan bahwa karakteristik struktural RSUD merupakan determinan kuat yang memengaruhi kelengkapan 7 dokter spesialis. Oleh karena itu, memerlukan penguatan harmonisasi kebijakan tata kelola SDM, alokasi insentif yang lebih afirmatif, serta perbaikan infrastruktur dasar, dengan memanfaatkan integrasi data SISDMK untuk prasyarat izin peningkatan kelas RS, penyesuaian kapasitas fiskal daerah, dan pemerataan akses pelayanan kesehatan spesialis di seluruh wilayah Indonesia.

The uneven distribution of medical specialists in Indonesia remains a challenge in ensuring equitable access to healthcare services. Regional General Hospitals are required to meet minimum standards by providing seven medical specialists (pediatrics, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, internal medicine, anesthesiology, radiology, and clinical pathology). However, in reality, many hospitals still operate without a complete team of specialists, which impacts the quality of care and patient safety in the region. This study aims to analyze the relationship between hospital structural characteristics (classification, ownership status, and regional location) and the level of compliance with the standard of having 7 specialist doctors at Regional General Hospitals in Indonesia. This study employs a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design using secondary data from the Health Human Resources Information System (SISDMK) portal and RS Online as of May 2026. The sample was selected using total sampling, comprising a total of 830 public hospitals. Data analysis utilized the Chi-Square test to assess relationships between variables. The majority of public hospitals in Indonesia (64.7%) were found to not yet meet the standard for having 7 essential and supporting specialist physicians. The results of the Chi-Square test demonstrated a statistically highly significant relationship between hospital class, ownership status, and regional area (p-value < 0.05) and the adequacy of specialist physicians. Higher levels of specialist coverage were found in Class A public hospitals, public hospitals managed by provincial governments, and those located in the Java-Bali region. These findings indicate that the structural characteristics of public hospitals are strong determinants influencing the availability of seven specialist doctors. Therefore, there is a need to strengthen the harmonization of human resource management policies, allocate more affirmative incentives, and improve basic infrastructure, by utilizing SISDMK data integration as a prerequisite for hospital class upgrades, adjusting regional fiscal capacity, and ensuring equitable access to specialist healthcare services across all regions of Indonesia.