Posisi geografis Indonesia pada jalur Cincin Api Pasifik menimbulkan risiko bencana alam tinggi bagi sektor pertambangan batubara yang beroperasi di wilayah rawan. Sektor pertambangan batubara belum memiliki instrumen penilaian komprehensif untuk mengevaluasi Emergency Management Capability (EMC) yang terintegrasi dengan Sistem Manajemen Keselamatan Pertambangan (SMKP). Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan instrumen EMC guna mengukur kesiapsiagaan organisasi terhadap potensi kondisi darurat seperti ledakan, longsor, dan banjir. Melalui desain mixed methods dengan pendekatan explanatory sequential, pengembangan instrumen ini merujuk pada Keputusan Direktur Jenderal Mineral dan Batubara Kementerian Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral No. 185 (2019) dan No. 10 (2023), serta International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 22320:2018. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa EMC terdiri dari lima variabel, yaitu identifikasi dan penilaian potensi keadaan darurat, pencegahan, kesiapsiagaan, respons, dan pemulihan keadaan darurat. Instrumen terbukti valid dan reliabel. Pembobotan berbasis Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) menunjukkan kesiapsiagaan keadaan darurat sebagai dimensi dominan (35%). Penelitian ini juga menghasilkan klasifikasi tingkat kapabilitas EMC ke dalam lima level, yaitu dasar, reaktif, terencana, proaktif, dan adaptif atau resilient. Selain itu, hasil pengukuran EMC dapat diintegrasikan ke dalam audit SMKP Minerba. Instrumen AJENG diharapkan dapat digunakan sebagai alat evaluasi untuk memetakan kesiapan organisasi, memperkuat mitigasi, dan meningkatkan pengelolaan kedaruratan pada pertambangan batubara.

Indonesia’s location along the Pacific Ring of Fire exposes coal mining operations to significant disaster risks. However, the sector lacks a comprehensive instrument for assessing Emergency Management Capability (EMC) that is integrated with the Mining Safety Management System (SMKP). This study aimed to develop an EMC assessment instrument to measure organizational preparedness for potential emergencies, including explosions, landslides, and flooding. A mixed-methods study using an explanatory sequential design was conducted. Instrument development was guided by the Decree of the Director General of Mineral and Coal No. 185 of 2019, No. 10 of 2023, and ISO 22320:2018. The results identified five EMC dimensions: emergency identification and risk assessment, prevention, preparedness, response, and recovery. The AJENG instrument demonstrated satisfactory validity and reliability. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) indicated that preparedness was the most influential dimension, accounting for 35% of the overall construct. The study also established five EMC capability levels: Basic, Reactive, Planned, Proactive, and Adaptive (Resilient). Furthermore, EMC assessment results can be integrated into the SMKP audit framework. The AJENG instrument is expected to support organizational preparedness assessment, strengthen risk mitigation, and enhance emergency management performance in the coal mining sector.