Karies gigi masih menjadi masalah kesehatan gigi dan mulut yang banyak terjadi pada anak dan remaja. Konsumsi makanan manis dan minuman berpemanis merupakan faktor perilaku yang dapat meningkatkan paparan gula pada gigi dan berkontribusi terhadap proses demineralisasi email. Selain itu, pola konsumsi pangan manis dapat dipengaruhi oleh karakteristik sosiodemografi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan faktor sosiodemografi dengan konsumsi makanan manis dan minuman berpemanis, serta hubungan konsumsi makanan manis dan minuman berpemanis dengan kejadian karies gigi pada anak usia 12–16 tahun di Provinsi Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain potong lintang dengan data sekunder Survei Kesehatan Indonesia (SKI) 2023. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 3.222 anak usia 12–16 tahun di Provinsi Jawa Barat yang memenuhi kriteria penelitian. Variabel independen meliputi faktor sosiodemografi dengan variabel antara konsumsi makanan manis dan konsumsi minuman berpemanis, sedangkan variabel dependen adalah kejadian karies gigi. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat, bivariat menggunakan uji chi-square, dan multivariat menggunakan regresi logistik dengan mempertimbangkan kandidat confounder, yaitu riwayat pemeriksaan gigi, perilaku menyikat gigi, dan jenis sumber air minum. Sebanyak 40,8% anak mengalami karies gigi. Proporsi konsumsi makanan manis tinggi sebesar 46,4%, sedangkan konsumsi minuman berpemanis tinggi sebesar 41,9%. Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa usia berhubungan signifikan dengan konsumsi makanan manis. Usia, jenis kelamin, dan tingkat pendidikan ibu berhubungan signifikan dengan konsumsi minuman berpemanis. Konsumsi makanan manis tidak berhubungan signifikan dengan kejadian karies gigi (OR = 1,137; 95% CI: 0,987–1,308; p = 0,075). Sebaliknya, konsumsi minuman berpemanis berhubungan signifikan dengan kejadian karies gigi (OR = 0,836; 95% CI: 0,725–0,965; p = 0,014). Kandidat confounder tidak mengubah nilai OR/AOR lebih dari 10%, sehingga tidak dikategorikan sebagai confounder. Faktor sosiodemografi tertentu berhubungan dengan konsumsi makanan manis dan minuman berpemanis. Konsumsi makanan manis tidak berhubungan signifikan dengan karies gigi, sedangkan konsumsi minuman berpemanis berhubungan signifikan dengan karies gigi.

Tooth decay remains a prevalent dental and oral health issue among children and adolescents. The consumption of sweet foods and sugary drinks is a behavioral factor that can increase sugar exposure on teeth and contribute to the demineralization process of enamel. In addition, the pattern of sweet food consumption can be influenced by sociodemographic characteristics. This study aims to analyze the relationship between sociodemographic factors and the consumption of sweet foods and sweetened beverages, as well as the relationship between the consumption of sweet foods and sweetened beverages and the incidence of dental caries in children aged 12–16 years in West Java Province. This study uses a cross-sectional design with secondary data from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey (SKI). The research sample consists of 3,222 children aged 12–16 years in West Java Province who meet the research criteria. The independent variables include sociodemographic factors with variables between sweet food consumption and sweetened beverage consumption, while the dependent variable is the incidence of dental caries. Data analysis was conducted univariately, bivariately using the chi-square test, and multivariately using logistic regression while considering confounder candidates, namely dental check-up history, tooth brushing behavior, and type of drinking water source. As many as 40.8% of children experience dental caries. The proportion of high sweet food consumption is 46.4%, while the proportion of high sweetened beverage consumption is 41.9%. Bivariate analysis results show that age is significantly related to sweet food consumption. Age, gender, and the mother's level of education are significantly related to the consumption of sweetened beverages. Consumption of sweet foods is not significantly associated with the incidence of dental caries (OR = 1.137; 95% CI: 0.987–1.308; p = 0.075). In contrast, consumption of sweetened beverages is significantly associated with the incidence of dental caries (OR = 0.836; 95% CI: 0.725–0.965; p = 0.014). Candidate confounders did not change the OR/AOR value by more than 10%, so they were not categorized as confounders. Certain sociodemographic factors are associated with the consumption of sweet foods and sweetened beverages. The consumption of sweet foods is not significantly associated with dental caries, whereas the consumption of sweetened beverages is significantly associated with dental caries.