Stunting masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat dengan prevalensi yang relatif tinggi serta adanya perbedaan kondisi sosial, ekonomi, sanitasi, dan akses pelayanan kesehatan antara wilayah perdesaan dan perkotaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis determinan sosial ekonomi, sanitasi, dan layanan kesehatan dasar yang berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting pada anak usia 6–59 bulan di wilayah perdesaan dan perkotaan Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat menggunakan desain potong lintang dengan data sekunder Survei Kesehatan Indonesia tahun 2023. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 1.539 anak yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Variabel yang dianalisis meliputi status ekonomi, ukuran rumah tangga, pendidikan ibu, pekerjaan ibu, sumber air minum, kepemilikan fasilitas cuci tangan, jenis sanitasi rumah tangga, pemeriksaan antenatal care, dan status imunisasi dasar lengkap. Analisis dilakukan dengan mempertimbangkan desain survei kompleks dan bobot sampel, meliputi analisis univariat, bivariat, dan multivariat yang distratifikasi berdasarkan wilayah tempat tinggal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan prevalensi stunting di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat sebesar 22,8%, dengan prevalensi lebih tinggi di wilayah perdesaan sebesar 24,7% dibandingkan wilayah perkotaan sebesar 21,1%. Di wilayah perkotaan, fasilitas cuci tangan yang tidak layak merupakan faktor yang paling dominan berhubungan dengan stunting. Anak yang tinggal di rumah tangga dengan fasilitas cuci tangan tidak layak memiliki peluang 1,938 kali mengalami stunting dibandingkan anak dengan fasilitas cuci tangan layak (OR=1,938; 95% CI: 1,257–2,989; p=0,003). Di wilayah perdesaan, status ekonomi menengah atas berhubungan dengan stunting (OR=0,409; 95% CI: 0,169–0,991; p=0,048). Pada penelitian ini determinan stunting berbeda antara wilayah perkotaan dan perdesaan. Intervensi di wilayah perkotaan perlu menekankan peningkatan fasilitas dan praktik cuci tangan, sedangkan di wilayah perdesaan perlu memperhatikan kondisi sosial ekonomi, ketahanan pangan, dan pemenuhan pangan bergizi keluarga.

Stunting remains a public health problem in West Nusa Tenggara Province, with a relatively high prevalence and disparities in socioeconomic conditions, sanitation, and access to healthcare services between rural and urban areas. This study aimed to analyze the socioeconomic, sanitation, and basic healthcare determinants associated with stunting among children aged 6–59 months in rural and urban areas of West Nusa Tenggara Province. This cross-sectional study used secondary data from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey. The study included 1,539 children who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The variables analyzed included economic status, household size, maternal education, maternal employment, drinking water source, availability of handwashing facilities, household sanitation, antenatal care attendance, and complete basic immunization status. The analyses accounted for the complex survey design and sampling weights and included univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses stratified by area of residence. The results showed that the prevalence of stunting in West Nusa Tenggara Province was 22.8%, with a higher prevalence in rural areas than in urban areas, at 24.7% and 21.1%, respectively. In urban areas, inadequate handwashing facilities were the factor most strongly associated with stunting. Children living in households with inadequate handwashing facilities had 1.938 times higher odds of stunting than those living in households with adequate handwashing facilities (OR=1.938; 95% CI: 1.257–2.989; p=0.003). In rural areas, upper-middle economic status was associated with stunting (OR=0.409; 95% CI: 0.169–0.991; p=0.048), indicating lower odds of stunting compared with the highest economic group. This study found that the determinants of stunting differed between urban and rural areas. Interventions in urban areas should emphasize improving handwashing facilities and practices, whereas interventions in rural areas should address household socioeconomic conditions, food security, and access to nutritious foods.