Pneumonia pada balita masih merupakan masalah kesehatan utama baik di dunia maupun di Indonesia. Di Indonesia, Pneumonia merupakan penyebab kematian nomor dua pada bayi dan anak balita. Kecamatan Cakung merupakan salah satu daerah yang memiliki kasus pneumonia pada balita yang cukup banyak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian pneumonia pada balita di wilayah Puskesmas Kecamatan Cakung. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi case control. Populasi penelitian adalah balita usia 12-59 bulan yang berada di Wilayah Puskesmas Kecamatan Cakung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada hubungan antara paparan asap rokok dalam rumah (OR=4,67; 1,19-18,33); tingkat konsumsi rokok (OR=2,77; 1,12-6,86), pencahayaan alami dalam rumah (OR=5,16; 1,94-13,70); pengetahuan ibu (OR=3,85; 1,12-13,25), status gizi (OR=9,14; 1,90-43,89), riwayat imunisasi (OR=3,85; 1,12-13,25) dan riwayat ASI ekslusif (OR=3,11; 1,24-7,78) terhadap kejadian pneumonia pada balita di wilayah Puskesmas Kecamatan Cakung. Faktor yang diprediksi paling dominan mempengaruhi kejadian pneumonia adalah status gizi (OR=5,607; 1,082-29,058).

Kata Kunci: Pneumonia, Balita, Fakto Risiko

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Pneumonia in children under five is still major public health problem in the world or in Indonesia. In Indonesia, Pneumonia is the number two cause of death in infants and children under five. Cakung sub-district is one of the areas that have quite a lot cases of pneumonia in children under five. This study aimed to determine the risk factors associated with the incidence of pneumonia in children under five in the region of Cakung sub-district health center. This study uses a case control study design. The population in this study are all of children aged 12 month until 59 months who lived in the region of Cakung sub-district health center. The results of this study indicate that there was a significant correlation between exposure to secondhand smoke in the home (OR = 4.67; 1.19 to 18.33); the number of ciggarates smoked per day (OR=2,77; 1,12-6,86), lighting in the home (OR = 5.16; 1.94 to 13.70), knowledge of mothers (OR = 3.85; 1.12 to 13.25), nutritional status (OR = 9.14; 1.90 to 43.89), immunization history (OR = 3.85; 1.12 to 13 , 25) and a history of exclusive breastfeeding (OR = 3.11; 1.24 to 7.78) with the incidence of pneumonia among children under five in the region of Cakung sub-district health center. The variable that predicted the most dominant cause of pneumonia is the nutritional status (OR = 5.607; 1.082 to 29.058).

Keywords: Pneumonia, Children under five, Risk factors