Anemia merupakan kondisi kadar hemoglobin pada darah lebih rendah dari nilai normal. Anemia lebih banyak terjadi pada balita yang dapat memberikan dampak terhadap fungsi kognitif anak. Berdasarkan data Riskesdas prevalensi anemia balita mengalami peningkatan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui perbedaan proporsi dan faktor dominan dari variabel independen dengan anemia balita usia 6 – 36 bulan di Indonesia. Data yang digunakan yaitu data Riskesdas tahun 2018 yang berjumlah 1251 balita dengan desain studi cross-sectional dan dilakukan analisis univariat, bivariat, dan multivariat. Diperoleh bahwa terdapat 48,3% balita usia 6 – 36 bulan di Indonesia mengalami anemia. Sedangkan untuk variabel signifikan terhadap kejadian anemia balita yaitu pada faktor individu anak, diantaranya yaitu usia balita [OR 2,13 (1,70 – 2,68)], status gizi BB/U [OR 1,64 (1,22 – 2,19)], status gizi TB/U [OR 1,29 (1,02 – 1,63)], dan status gizi BB/TB [OR 1,49 (1,04 – 2,11)]. Sedangkan, pada faktor maternal yaitu pada pendidikan ibu [OR 1,32 (0,79 – 2,22); OR 1,66 (1,01 – 2,74)], anemia ibu [OR 1,72 (1,31 – 2,26)], dan paritas [OR 1,60 (1,24 – 2,07)]. Untuk variabel yang paling berisiko terhadap kejadian anemia balita terdapat pada faktor usia balita tepatnya balita berusia 6 – 23 bulan.
Anemia is a condition where the hemoglobin level in the blood is lower than normal. Anemia is more common in toddlers which can have an impact on children's cognitive function. Based on Riskesdas data, the prevalence of anemia in children under five has increased. The purpose of this study was to determine differences in the proportions and dominant factors of the independent variables with anemia in children aged 6-36 months in Indonesia. The data used is the 2018 Riskesdas data, which totaled 1251 toddlers with a cross-sectional study design and univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyzes were carried out. It was found that there were 48.3% of toddlers aged 6-36 months in Indonesia experiencing anemia. As for the significant variables on the incidence of anemia under five, namely the individual factors of the child, including the age of the toddler [OR 2.13 (1.70 – 2.68)], nutritional status underweight [OR 1.64 (1.22 – 2) .19)], nutritional status stunted [OR 1.29 (1.02 – 1.63)], and nutritional status wasted [OR 1.49 (1.04 – 2.11)]. Meanwhile, on maternal factors, namely the mother's education [OR 1.32 (0.79 - 2.22); OR 1.66 (1.01 – 2.74)], maternal anemia [OR 1.72 (1.31 – 2.26)], and parity [OR 1.60 (1.24 – 2.07)]. The variable most at risk for the incidence of anemia in children under five is the age factor of children aged 6 – 23 months.
Feby Ayu Mutia Rachmawati-Skripsi-FKM-Fulltext-2023.pdf ::