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Pelayanan kedokteran keluarga merupakan bagian pelayanan kesehatan primer, adalah pelayanan kesehatan esensial dan merupakan kontak pertama masyarakat kepada sistem pelayanan kesehatan. Berdasarkan laporan WHO tahun 2007, negara dengan pelayanan kesehatan primer yang kuat memiliki anggaran yang kecil dalam pembiayaan kesehatannya. Pelayanan kedokteran keluarga memandang pasien bukan hanya sebagai individu, melainkan sebagai satu kesatuan dengan keluarga dan komunitasnya, dilakukan dengan cara komprehensif, berkesinambungan, kontinu dan patient centered. Kementerian Kesehatan telah menyusun rancangan kebijakan pelayanan kedokteran keluarga sejak tahun 2010 dan masih berproses hingga saat ini. Mengingat perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi sejak penyusunannya, maka dipandang perlu melakukan pengembangan terhadap rancangan tersebut.
Family medicine is a part of primary helath care, which a essential health care and being first contact to the health care system.According to WHO annual report in year of 2007, a country with a strong primary health care have a smaal amount for their country health budgetting. Family medicine treat the patient not only just an individual but also as a unity with the family and their community, by doing a comprehensif, sustainable, continu and patient centered. Ministry of Health of Republic of Indonesia has already design a family medicine policy in year of 2010 and still in process until nowadays. Regarding the developments in science and technology since its formulation, it is necessary to conduct development of the design.
Pengaruh Globalisasi, telah membuat bangsa Indonesia harus bersiap dengan masuknya pengaruh luar terhadap kehadiran dengan salah satunya adalah Tenaga Kesehatan Asing di Indonesia, untuk itu Kementerian Kesehatan telah mengeluarkan Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan no 317 tahun 2010 Tentang Pendayagunaan Tenaga Kesehatan Warga Negara Asing di Indonesia. Tesis ini menganalisis implementasi Kebijakan Tenaga Kesehatan Asing Di Indonesia pada tahun 2013.
Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan model analisis implementasi kebijakan Edward III. Lokasi penelitian dari pusat ke pemerintah daerah di Provinsi Banten.
Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi Kebijakan Tenaga Kesehatan Asing Di Provinsi Banten pada tahun 2013 belum berjalan dengan baik. Oleh karena itu Kementerian Kesehatan harus segera melakukan pembenahan baik dari segi segi proses input kebijakan, proses pelaksanaan dan proses evaluasi pelaksanaan kebijakan dengan melibatkan instansi terkait baik horizontal maupun vertikal.
The influence of globalization, have made the Indonesian nation must prepare with the inclusion of external influence on the presence of one of them is Foreign Health Workers in Indonesia, to the Ministry of Health has issued a Ministerial Decree No. 317 of 2010 Health Reform On Health Workers Foreigners in Indonesia. This thesis analyzes the implementation of Health Foreign Worker Policy in Indonesia in 2013.
This study uses qualitative research methods using analytical models of policy implementation Edward III. Locations research from central to local governments in the province of Banten.
Research results indicate that the implementation of Health Personnel Foreign Policy In Banten province in 2013 has not been going well. Therefore the Ministry of Health should immediately make improvements both in terms of policy in terms of the process input, process implementation and process evaluation of the implementation of the policy by involving relevant agencies both horizontally and vertically.
Abstrak
Dalam Undang Undang Nomor 29 Tahun 2004 pasal 29 menyatakan bahwa setiap dokter dan dokter gigi yang melakukan praktik kedokteran di Indonesia wajib memiliki STR sesuai sertifikat kompetensi yang dimiliki. STR berlaku lima (5) tahun. Jika sampai masa berlaku STR habis dokter atau dokter gigi tidak melakukan registrasi ulang, akan kehilangan kewenangan untuk melakukan praktik kedokteran. Sanksi bagi yang menjalankan praktik dengan sengaja tanpa STR dan surat ijin adalah denda maksimal Rp 100 juta ( pasal 75). Hasil pencapaian registrasi ulang belum 100%.
Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk melakukan analisis terhadap kebijakan dan analisis untuk menyusun rekomendasi (analysis of policy dan analysis for policy) registrasi ulang dokter dan dokter gigi di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan untuk analisis data digunakan model content analisis diolah dengan pendekatan model Patton Savicky dengan kriteria boulton disajikan berdasarkan analysis of policy dan analisis for policy sebagai rekomendasi.
Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa dokter dan dokter gigi kurang bersedia melakukan registrasi ulang karena : alur sertifikasi kompetensi untuk persyaratan registrasi ulang terlalu panjang, pemenuhan persyaratan terlalu sulit, pengisian borang borang terlalu banyak, pengumpulan SKP untuk memperoleh sertifikat kompetensi bagi registrasi ulang kurang menilai kompetensi (skill) lebih untuk menilai administrasi, pendidikan dan pelatihan yang diselenggarakan oleh organisasi profesi membutuhkan biaya dan hanya untuk peningkatan pengetahuan (knowledge) bukan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan (skill), proses penerbitan sertifikat kompetensi dan STR ulang menjadi terlalu lama.Kesimpulannya, implementasi kebijakan registrasi ulang dokter dan dokter gigi kurang efektif pelaksanaannya karena dipengaruhi oleh peraturan itu sendiri, upaya dokter atau dokter gigi, institusi yang melaksanakan kebijakan serta kondisi lingkungan.
Peneliti menyarankan agar mengembangkan sistem registrasi, meningkatkan komitmen, meningkatkan otoritas KKI, meningkatkan resources, meningkatkan pemahaman dan kesepakatan terhadap tujuan dan stakeholder agar meningkatkan pembinaan dan pengawasan.
According to the Law Number 29 in 2004 article 29 States that every doctors and dentists who conduct medical practices in Indonesia must have a certificate of competence in accordance STR owned .STR is expired after five (5) years. If until the expiration date of STR, doctor and dentist do not apply for the re-registration, so doctors or dentists will loss their authority to conduct medical practices. The consequence for doctors and dentists who running practice without STR and licence intentionally is a fine of up to Rp 100 million (article 75). The achievements of re-registration have not been 100% yet.
This study aimed to analysis the policy and analysis to make recomendations for reregistration policy of doctors and dentists in Indonesia. This study used qualitative approach and for data analysis using the content analysis model, prepared by "Patton Savicky model approach with Boulton criteria based on the analysis of policy and analysis for policy as a recommendation.
The study has found that doctors and dentists are less willingness to be registered as the competencies certification flow for the reregistration are too long, too difficult STR making requirements, too many forms must be fulfilled, the SKP activity colllecting to have competence certificate for the reregistration is not to assess the competencies (skills) but to assess the administration, education and training organized by professional organizations to expensive and only for knowledge increase, not for the skills the,and the waiting time for STR publishing is too long. To sum up, the implementation of the re-registration policies of doctors and dentists have not performed well because it was influenced by the re-registration policy and efforts of the doctors and dentists and institutions in implementing the policy and environmental circumstance.
Researchers suggests to develop a registration system, to increase the commitment, to improve KKI authority, increase resources, to increase the understanding and agreement on goals and stakeholders in order to improve the guidance and supervision
Jaminan pelayanan persalinan bagi masyarakat miskin bertujuan untuk meningkatkan akses terhadap pelayanan persalinan dalam rangka menurunkan AKI dan AKB. Analisis ini bertujuan mengevalusi pelaksanaan kebijakan jaminan pelayanan persalinan untuk akses masyarakat miskin di Provinsi DKI Jakarta. Penelitian dilakukan di DKI Jakarta dengan studi kasus pelayanan di Puskesmas Kecamatan Penjaringan pada bulan Juni 2013. Pendekatan kualitatif dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam dan Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Pedoman wawancara dibuat berdasarkan metode implemantasi kebijakan George Edward III yang terdiri dari komunikasi, sumberdaya, struktur birokrasi dan disposisi. Masyarakat miskin mudah mengakses pelayanan persalinan di Puskesmas. Tetapi tetap dibutuhkan perbaikan metode komunikasi ke masyarakat.
Guarantee of service delivery for the poor aims to improve access to maternity services in order to reduce the MMR and IMR. This analysis aims to evaluate the implementation of policies to guarantee labour care access for the poor in Jakarta. The study was conducted in Jakarta with a case study in health centers Penjaringan service in June 2013. A qualitative approach was done by in-depth interviews and Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Interview guidance is based on the model of public policy implementation by George Edward III consisting of communication, resources, bureaucratic structure and disposition. Poor society can easily access labour service in the health center. But still, improvement to the method of communication is needed.
Indonesia`s supply of new drugs currently relies on imported drugs. Pharmaceutical companies appear to be hesitant to transform from being an inventor to being an innovator, and instead continue the process of formulation and packaging. Government regulation intervention has not led to any significant changes. Drug development involves the creation of an innovative drug that is not yet available in the country. Domestic development is needed to ensure sustainability of the access to research-based drug and to reduce the price of that drug that is currently imported. This study aims to develop a policy model that is strategically able to predict an outcome of investment in research-based drug development. Several factors that could trigger domestic research-based drug development were explored and incorporated into a predictive model of an innovation policy. A data collection in this cross-sectional study used a quantitative and qualitative method to explore the policy making process. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire to pharmaceutical companies and policy makers, and also a document review and indepth interview. The process of modeling the policy was established based on the functional relationships between factors related to the capability of pharmaceutical companies in the development of research-based drug and government incentives to political feasibility to predict a drug development, validated using a set of techniques pertaining to the calculation of structural equations. Gap analysis was an effort for examining the similarities and differences in perceptions of capability of pharmaceutical companies and incentive mechanism to accelerate research-based drug development. The findings provided empirical insights on the gaps that can arise from inconsistent perceptions of potential and current situations between pharmaceutical companies and policy makers. The alignment between policy recommendations and intended outcomes was then analyzed using analysis of determinants of policy impact.
Prelacteal is anything other breastmilk that given to infants before breastfeeding in the first 3 days of life which can cause failure of exclusive breastfeeding and may increased risk of infection and malnutrition which then will impact on stunting. One in two babies who have been breastfed in Indonesia have been given prelacteal. This study aims to determine the determinants of prelacteal feeding behavior in infants on the island of Sumatra. This study uses data from the 2017 IDHS with a cross sectional study design. The sample of this study was mothers who had babies aged 0-23 months with the inclusion criteria with a sum of 1,224 respondents. The results showed that there were 54.4% of mothers who gave prelacteal. From correlations analysis it was found that maternal age, parity, IMD, and type of delivery were associated with prelacteal feeding to infants (p-value < 0.05). The results of the logistic regression analysis showed that IMD as the dominant factor that causes prelacteal feeding (OR: 6.06) where mothers who are late in giving IMD are 6 times more likely to giving prelacteal to infants after being controlled by weight. birth, ANC, type of delivery, maternal age, parity, and birth attendants.
Belum terdapatnya bentuk dokumen peraturan sesuai dengan Kepmenkes nomor 772 Tahun 2002 tentang Pedoman Peraturan Internal Rumah Sakit (Hospital By Laws) dan Permenkes nomor 755 tahun 2011 tentang Penyelenggaraan Komite Medik di Rumah Sakit di RSUD Prof.dr.M.Ali Hanafiah SM Batusangkar, menunjukkan bahwa implementasi kebijakan belum dilaksanakan secara optimal. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengkaji hal yang menyebabkan belum dilaksanakannya pembuatan dokumen HBL ditinjau dari faktor Komunikasi, Sumber Daya, Disposisi, dan Struktur Birokrasi dikaitkan dengan aspek yuridis normatif. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif retrospektif pada 11 informan. Hasil penelitian menyebutkan bahwa komunikasi kebijakan HBL masih belum konsisten dan tersosialisasikan secara optimal, sumberdaya belum memadai dan komitmen implementasi kebijakan yang masih rendah serta struktur birokrasi yang belum jelas dalam koordinasi pelaksanaan HBL menjadi faktor berpengaruh dalam pembuatan HBL. Kesimpulan bahwa implementasi kebijakan HBL di RSUD Prof.dr.M.Ali Hanafiah SM Batusangkar Provinsi Sumatera Barat tahun 2013 belum optimal sehingga membutuhkan advokasi kebijakan lebih lanjut.
ABSTRACT
Unavailable documentation of regulation due to policy Kepmenkes number 772 of 2002 on The Guidelines for Internal Hospital Regulation (Hospital By Laws) and Permenkes number 755 of 2011 on the Implementation Medical Committee in General District Hospitals Prof. dr. M. Ali Hanafiah SM Batusangkar, showed that the implementation of the policy has not been implemented optimally. Aims of this study is to assess documentation of regulation has not been done according to HBL Guidelines based on factors that influenced policy implementation, such as Communication, Resources, Disposition, and Bureaucratic Structure associated with normative legal aspects. This study uses Retrospective Qualitative methode using 11 informants and document review. Result shows that the communication policy of HBL is still not consistant and optimal socialized, fully-unsupported resources and low commitment of policy implementation and unclear bureaucratic structures in the coordination of the implementation of the HBL as influencing factors to make HBL. As the conclusion is that policy implementation in General Hospitals District Prof.dr.M.Ali Hanafiah SM Batusangkar West Sumatra Province in year 2013 has not been implemented optimally and need further advocacy as well.
