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sanitation with soil transmitted helminth infection onstudents of State Elementary School of Jagabaya 1 atWarunggunung, Lebak District, Province of Banten in 2013Soil transmitted helminth infection is a public health problem in Indonesia.National prevalence of this disease varies by region from 0.4 to 76.67 %(Indonesian Ministry of Health, 2011). The common worm species that causeinfection are roundworm (Ascaris lumbricoides), hookworm (Ancylostomaduodenale and Necator americanus), and whipworm (Trichuris trichuria). (DirjenP2MPL, 2010).The objective of this research was to examine the association of personalhygiene, environmental sanitation, parental characteristics and anti helminthicdrugs with soil transmitted helminth infection. The research was conducted inElementary school of Jagabaya 1 at Warunggunung, Lebak, Banten. This studyutilized cross-sectional survey design, which respondents were selected by usingtotal sampling method. Respondents of the research were first grade to fifth gradestudents. Primary data was collected on July 2013 by using questionnaire.Results showed that the prevalence of soil transmitted helminth infectionon students of Elementary School of Jagabaya 1 was 65.85 %. Bivariate analysisrevealed four variables that were significantly related to soil transmitted helminthinfection were personal hygiene (OR=3,194), nail cleanness (OR=3,765),maternal education (OR=2,360), and toilet ownership (OR=3,808). Multivariateanalysis indicated that the essential factors related to the occurrence of soiltransmitted helminth infection were nail cleanness (OR=4,062), toilet ownership(OR=3,569), and habit of washing hand before eating (OR=2,965).Keywords : soil transmitted helminth infection, personal hygiene, environmentalsanitation, school-age children, Lebak, Banten
Dental hygiene is a health problem that can affect the overall quality of life. Dental health is often considered to be a minor problem when a local impact on the tooth itself and other systemic organs. Based on data Riskesdas 2007 can be seen that the prevalence of dental caries in Indonesia at the age of 12 years was 43.4% and Lebak regency highest prevalence of dental caries 43.6%. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors related to the incidence of dental caries in primary school students grades 4 -5 In District Curugbitung Lebak district of Banten which factors of gender, class, parental education, parental employment, and factors of dental health knowledge and behavior of health care teeth. This study is a descriptive study using cross-sectional design.
Kesimpulan: dalam penelitian ini jarak antara sumur gali-septik tank sangat berpengaruh besar terhadap kejadian diare balita. Balita dalam rumah tangga yang menggunakan sumur gali dengan jarak kurang dari 10 meter dari septic tank memiliki risiko 5,221 kali untuk menderita diare dibandingkan jika jarak ≥ 10 meter. Oleh karena itu diperlukan penyuluhan atau sosialisasi tentang sarana sumur gali dengan septik tank yang memenuhi syarat. Jika kondisi lahan tidak memungkinkan maka perlu dikembangkan alternatif seperti septik tank komunal atau sistem IPAL terpusat oleh sektor terkait. Kata Kunci : Diare, balita, sanitasi
ABSTRAK Kondlsl lingklungan pemukiman jika tidak dnkelola dengan baik akan berdampak buruk terhadap derajat kesehatan masyaxakat, Salah satu jenis penyakit yang erat kaitanya dengan kondlsi lingkungan adalan infeksi cacingan. Penyakit cacingan yang proses penularanya melalui perantara tanah masih mempakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat khususnya pada anak-anal: ban-L di daerah pedesaan maupun pcrkotaan. Anak sebagal calon generasi penerus bangsa merupakan aset yang perlu mendapatkan perhatian, karcna mereka akan menentukan nasib suatu bangsa/negara. Dilain pihak_ anak dengan segala keterbatasanya masih rentan terhadap suatu penyakit yang dapat menggangu pcrtumbuhan dan perlcembanganya. Penyakit infcksi casing dalam tubuh manusia dapat menghisap darah dan unsur gizi yang diperlukan tubuh. Sehingga dapat memuunkan daya tahan tubuh dan produktivitas. Walaupun tidak berakibat fatal nam\m penyakit ini berdarnpak cukup Iuas pada anak-anak seperu; Anemia, malnuuisi, gangguan tungsl kognitip dan menurunkan prcstasi bciajar Sena produktifitas. Penelltian mi bertujuan untuk mengetahui hublmgan antara kontammasx telur cacing di lingkungan pemukiman dengan kejadian infeksi cacingan pada anak usia 5-12 tahun di Kecamatan Baros Kabupatcn Serang, selain itu diteliti juga taktor nslko lamnya yang dapat rnempengaxuhi tcxjadinya infeksi cacing pada anak seperti sanitasi lingkungan yang terdiri dan jamban keiuarga, sarana air bcrsih, SEAL, pembuangan sampah dan jenis Iantai rumah. Faktor lainya dari kardkteristik keluarga yaitu pcrilaku sehat anak, tingkat pengetahuan 1bu dan anak, kondisi ekonomi kcluarga dan jenis kelamin anak. Penelitian ini merupakan studi epidemiologi kesehatan lingkungan yang bersifat ODSCFVQSI dengan menggunalcan desam crossectional (potong lintang). Sampcl azialah anak usia 5-12 tahun yang ada di Kecamatzm Baros Kabupaten Serang, dengan jumlah sampel masing-masmg untuk anak 125 dan sampel linglnmgan (lanan) sebanyak 125. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dcngan pemcriksaan sampel tanah dan tinja anak serta dengan wawancara. Untuk uji hipotesis menggunakan chi-square. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa prevalensi kasus infeksi cacingan pada anak usia 5-12 tahun dl kecamatan Baros Rabupatcn Serang sebcsar 40,8%. 1-lasil anaiisis menunjukan adanya hubungan yang bermakna antam tanah tcrkontarninasi telur cacing, Jamban Keluarga., sarana an bersih, sarana pembuangan an' limbah, tempat pembuangan sampah, jcnis Iautai, tingkat pengtahuan anak dan perilaku sehat anak dengan kejadian mieksi cacmgan pacia anak usla 5-12 tahun dengan tangkat kemaknaan P < U,U5. Hasnl analisis multivaxiat dengan negresi logistik ganda diperoleh model bahwa kejadian infeksi cacingan pada anak usia 5-12 tahun terbuktj bcrhubungan cral dengan kondisi jamban kcluarga, tanah yang terkontaminasi telur cacing, faktor perilaku anak, tingkat pengetahuan anak, tcmpat pcmbuangan sampah dan _|en1s lantal rumah. Adanya pengamh variabel jamban terhadap tanah yang tcrccmar telur cacing dan pengetahuan anak serta taktor perllaku, menunjukan bahwa tezjadinya pencemaran tanah oleh telur cacing karena faktor kebemdaan jamban yang masih rninirn dan tidak saniter, dengan tingkat pengelahuan anak yang rendah sehingga penlakunya turut mendukung terjadinya kontaminasi telur cacing di tanah dengan cara defekasi/buang kotoranya tidak cn jamban, maka tanah terkontaminasi oleh telur cacing yang ada dalam unja sclungga menimbulkan kejadian infcksi cacingan. 1-1 ini terbutku dengan kondisi jamban yang tidal( samter bensxko 13,2 kah xmtuk tezjadinya infeksi cacingan, perilaku yang buruk berisiko 9,8 kali untuk anak mcndcrita cacmgan, tanah yang terkontaminasi telur cacing berisiko 9,9 kali, tingkat pengetahuan anak rendah berisiko 7,5 kali, tempat pembuangan sampah berisiko 6,5 kali untuk Ieqadinya inicksl cacingan dan _|en1s lantai rumah yang tidak saniter bensnko 5,9 Kali untuk terjadinya infeksi cacing. Peneliti menyaranlcan adanya upaya-upaya yang lebih kongkmt untuk mencegah dan menycbamya kasus infeksi caoingan melalui pcnyediaan sarana sanitasi Iingkungan yang baik khususnya. dalarn penyediaan jamban Kcluarga atau MCR, dengan mehbatkan semua unsnr yang terkait untuk menciptakan kondisi lingkungan yang sehat. Sena dilakukan penyuluhan kepada anak-anak dan masyarakat untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dalam bidang kesehainn, sehingga mereka dapal rnenjaga dan meningkatkzm kondisi demjat kesehatanya dengan cara hidup di lmgkungan perumahan yang sehat dan menerapkan perilalcu hidup bcrsih dan sehat. Disamping itu harus dilakukan perneriksaan kebexsihan pribadi anak baik di sekolah maupun dirumah secara rutin oleh guru dan orang tua anak.
ABSTRACT Settlement environment condition if not managed carefully will giving had impact toward public health level, one of diseases that related closely with environment condition is worrny infection. Wormy disease infecting nom soil was still become public health problems especially in children whether villages or urban. Children as next generation of the nation are assets that need a focus, because they will define destiny of a nation. On the other hand children with all of their limitation is still susceptible toward a disease that disturbing development and growth. Wormy infection disease in human body can absorb blood and nutrition substances that needed by body, thus decreasing body endurance and productivity. Although not fatal but this disease impact is quite wide on children such as anemia, malnutrition, cognitive iimction disturbance and decreasing studying performance and productivity. This research purpose is to identify relation of worm egg in settlement environment with worrny infection cases on children years of 5 - 12 old ages at Baros Sub-district Serang Regency, besides also researched other risk factors that affecting womry infection on children as environment sanitation that consist of family toilet, sanitation, hygiene water, SPAL, trash can and house tile. Other factors from family characteristic are children healthy behavior, mother and her children education level, family economy condition and children gender. This research is epidemiology study of environment health that has the character of observation with cross sectional design. Samples are children ages of 5 - 12 years old at Baros Sub-district Serang Regency, with total samples each for children 125 and environment samples (soil) 125. Data gathering performed by soil samples and children feces also interview. For hypothesis test is using chi-square. This research shows that prevalence of wormy infection cases on children ages of 5 - 12 years old at Baros Sub-district Serang Regency is 40.8%. Analysis result shows significant relation between soil contaminated with worm egg, family toilet, tile style, children knowledge level and -children healthy behavior with wormy infection cases on children ages 5 - 12 years old with P value < 0.05. Multivariate analysis result with double logistic regression obtained model that wormy infection cases on children ages of 5 - 12 years old proved closely related with family toilet condition, contaminated soil with worm egg, children behavioral factor, children knowledge level, trash can and house tile style. Toilet variable effect toward contaminated soil with worm egg and children knowledge as well as behavioral factors, shows that contaminated soil caused by minimal toilet and unsanitary, and low children knowledge level. So that their behavior supporting contamination of worm egg in soil by defaces not in toilet, then soil contaminated with worm egg that available in feces and causing wormy infection. In proved with toilet condition that unsanitary has risk 13.2 times of worrny infection, bad behavior has risk 9.8 times of children infected wormy, contaminated soil with worm egg risk 9.9 times, children low knowledge level risk 7.5 times, trash can risk 6.5 times of wonny disease and house tile style that unsan'ry risk 5.9 times of wormy infection. Researcher suggested performing more solid efforts to prevent and spreading of wormy infection cases through supplying good environment sanitation medium especially in supplying family toilet or MCK, by entangling all related element to create healthy environment condition. Moreover, perfonned counseling toward children and public to increase health degree condition by living in healthy settlement and implementing hygienic and healthy behavior. Besides, performed children individual checkup, whether in schools or houses routinely, with teachers and parents.
ABSTRAK Nama : Januar Tree Kencana Program Studi: Epidemiologi Judul : Hubungan Status Imunisasi dan Status Gizi dengan Kejadian Difteri Pada Kejadian Luar Biasa (KLB) di Kabupaten Serang Propinsi Banten Tahun 2017-2018 Pembimbing : Dr. dr. Tri Yunis Miko Wahyono, M.Sc Penyakit difteri disebabkan oleh infeksi corynebacterium diphteriae merupakan salah satu penyakit menular yang dapat dicegah dengan imunisasi, penyakit ini masih menjadi masalah kesehatan yang serius karena seringkali menimbulkan kejadian luar biasa (KLB) di berbagai negara maupun belahan dunia. Berdasarkan data Kementerian Kesehatan pada tahun 2017 telah terjadi KLB difteri di 20 propinsi dan 95 kabupaten / kota di Indonesia, termasuk Propinsi Banten dan salah satunya adalah di Kabupaten Serang. Di kabupaten Serang Status imunisasi dan statu gizi masyarakat masih menjadi masalah kesehatan, Cakupan imunisasi yang masih rendah di beberapa Desa dalam kecamatan dan status gizi buruk masih ditemukan, oleh karenanya penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan status imunisasi dan status gizi dengan kejadian difteri pada KLB di kabupaten Serang Propinsi Banten Tahun 2017-2018. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah kasus kontrol dimana variabel penelitiannya adalah status imunisasi dan status gizi serta variabel kovariat yaitu lingkungan fisik tempat tinggal, pengetahuan dan riwayat bepergian. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian secara multivariat dengan menggunakan regresi logistik di dapatkan hasil bahwa status imunisasi mempunyai OR : 3,777 95% CI = 1.48 -9.60 P Value 0.005 sedangkan Status Gizi memiliki OR : 1,23 90% CI = 0.44 – 3,41 P Value 0,680 setelah dikontrol dengan Variabel Umur, Jenis Kelamin, Pengetahuan, Riwayat Bepergian, lingkungan fisik Rumah, pencahayaan alami, Kelembaban dan kepadatan Hunian. Kata Kunci : Difteri, Kasus Kontrol, Kejadian Luar Biasa
ABSTRACT Nama : Januar Tree Kencana Study Program: Epidemiology Title : The Relationship between Immunization and Nutritional Status with Diphtheria Outbreaks in Serang Regency, Banten Province 2017-2018. Background: Diphtheria as a one of the most contagious diseases that can be prevented by immunization (VPD) is still a serious health problem because it often causes outbreak in various countries including Indonesia. Based on data from the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia, during 2017 there have been diphtheria outbreaks in 20 provinces and 95 regency/cities including Serang Regency.This study aims to determine the relationship between immunization and nutritional status with the diphtheria outbreaks in Serang Regency of Banten Province in 2017-2018. Methods: This study was an analytic study using case control design with 172 respondents consisting of 43 cases and 129 controls. Logistic regression analysis was performed to obtain an estimate of the relationship between immunization and nutritional status with diphtheria after controlled covariate variables. Result: Proportion of immunization and good nutrition in the case is lower than in control. Immunization and nutrition in both cases were 51.2% and 76.7% while in controls were 77.5% and 81.4%. The association (OR) between immunization status and diphtheria was 3.78 (95% CI: 1.48-9.60) after controlling to age, room density and natural house lighting while the association (OR) between nutritional status and diphtheria was 1.23 (95% CI: 0.44-3.41) after controlling to age, knowledge, humidity, and immunization status. Conclusions: The proportion of immunization in diphtheria cases is still low. Nonimmunization status are at risk for diphtheria 3.78 times. The Health Office is expected to conduct routine monitoring and evaluation of basic immunization programs, especially in areas with low coverage and provide information to the community about diphtheria, including factors such as immunization, nutrition, and the physical environment of the house. Keywords: Diphtheria, Case Control, Outbreak.
Leptospirosis is a zoonosis, an infectious disease caused by the Leptospira bacteria. Leptospirosis is often underreported or misdiagnosed because the initial symptoms of leptospirosis are symptoms of other acute febrile diseases (dengue, malaria, flu-like syndrome). The occurrence of leptospirosis cases is closely related to the chain of transmission, and the chain of leptospirosis transmission is related to many factors. Occupation and the presence of rats are risk factors for leptospirosis. Banten is an endemic area of Leptospirosis, was chosen to be the location for Sentinel Leptospirosis surveillance, precisely located in Kab, Tangerang, and Kab. Serang. Publications on the relationship of risk factors are still limited, and research about leptospirosis is mostly done in Central Java or DI Yogyakarta. This study used a cross-sectional design. The results of this study did not show that there was a significant relationship between work and the incidence of leptospirosis in leptospirosis suspects in 2 districts where Leptospirosis Sentinel Surveillance was located in Banten Province in 2017 - 2019 The relationship between the presence of rats and the incidence of leptospirosis showed a significant relationship, the presence of rats and activity in rivers/ponds/ drains together to provide an antagonistic relationship thus making the risk when these two variables are together smaller than the risk of each variable
