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Background: Leprosy is chronic disease cause by Mycobacterium Leprae infection and it is a contagious disease that generates very complex problems. At Cirebon district over last three years, until 2003, patient number reach 1.207 (Prevalence Rate 1,69/10.000 population), have not reach leprosy elimination, therefore disease contamination keep going. Leprosy elimination in Cirebon district to acquire and process of data using leprosy surveillances sentinel system, this system operational not yet maximum and yielded output only limited to regular report. Objective: The purpose of this system development is to develop an application of Leprosy System Information Program Based on Geography Information System for leprosy elimination acceleration program in Cirebon District Year 2005 Methods: System development done based on System Development Life Cycle method, by combining Data Base Management System concept and spatial data. Data and information needed were collecting by interview and document observation. Results: SIGEK designed for facilitating data input and automatic of its process mechanism into information. Yielded output is in form of regular report, tabulation, graphic, and area endemic mapping information with urban smallest observation unit. Epidemiologic interpretation leprosy case from this visual map can be identified case transmission diffusion model and health service range (Puskesmas) in leprosy elimination. Conclusion: This SIGEK application can be management application on leprosy elimination program, empowered ability on monitoring activity and surveillance. Yielded output could be made as information for decision making input on leprosy elimination acceleration program. SIGEK was hoped to be a device for program management and possible can be developed on other district. Keywords: Geography Information System, Elimination, Leprosy
Kesehatan dan gizi merupakan faktor yang penting karena secara langsung berpengaruh terhadap kualitas Sumber Daya Manusia di masyarakat. Status gizi masyarakat sering digambarkan dengan besaran masalah gizi pada kelompok balita. Kegiatan pemantauan balita kurang gizi merupakan kegiatan penting untuk kewaspadaan gizi. Peraturan yang mendukung terhadap kegiatan kewaspadaan gizi adalah Kepmenkes tentang pedoman penyelenggaraan surveilans epidemiologi kesehatan yang salah satunya tentang pelaksanaan kewaspadaan gizi daKepmenkes tentang standar pelayanan minimal yang menetapkan bahwa 80% kecamatan menjadi bebas rawan gizi. Angka balita kurang gizi yang cukup tinggi dan luasnya geografis Kabupaten Bogor mendasari diperlukannya suatu sistem informasi yang dapat dipergunakan untuk membantu para pengambil kebijakan dalam mengevaluasi dan intervensi program perbaikan gizi serta menentukan prioritas wilayah dalam pembinaannya. Penelitian pengembangan sistem informasi pemantauan balita kurang gizi di Kabupaten Bogor ini menggunakan desain penelitian dengan pendekatan sistem untuk menyelesaikan masalah. Dengan metode pendekatan sistem yang digunakan adalah incremental dengan metode prototyping yang meliputi tahapan perencanaan, analisis, perancangan, pengkodean dan uji coba prototype. Hasil analisis sistem dapat ngidentiftkasi permasalahan-permasalahan yang ada dalam sistem yang sedang berjalan serta altematif solusinya pada tingkat input, proses dan output. Sistem informasi pemantaun balita kurang gizi Sistem Informasi Geografts didesain untuk memudahkan input data dan analisis proses pengolahannya menjadi informasi. Output yang dihasilkan bempa laporan tabel, graftk prevalensi KEP, cakupan DIS, NID dan BGMID sebagai indikator pemantauan balita kurang gizi. Interpretasi lebih lanjut akan didapatkan peta sebaran kasus KEP, peta cakupan DIS, cakupan NID dan BGMID , sehingga akan didapatkan daerah yang rawan/potensi terhadap kasus balita kurang gizi. Aplikasi sistem informasi pemantauan balita kurang gizi ini dapat menjadi alat manajemen dalam pengambilan keputusan untuk kegiatan yang berhubungan dengan masalah balita kurang gizi di Kabupaten Bogor. Sistem informasi pemantauan balita kurang gizi berbasis sistem informasi geografi ini diharapkan dapat diman:faatkan bagi pengelola gizi lainnya.
It has already known that health and nutrition are the most important factors that directly influence the quality of human resources in the?society. Public nutritional status is usually described as the wide of the nutrition problems within is under-five group. Therefore, the activities on the monitoring of malnourished under-five children should be prioritized as it can be as a nutrition awareness system. The regulation that support the activities? on a nutrition awareness is stated in the ministry of health decision (MHD) on the Guidelines for the Implementation of Epidemiological Surveillance on the subject of a nutrition awareness, and MHD on the Minimum standard for services, which determine that 80% of sub-districts should be free from malnourishment state. The high rate on under-five malnourished and a broad-range of area geographically of bogor, are use to be the base on why information is needed, in order to assist for policy makers to evaluate and to intervene a nutrition improvement program, and to decide in which part of the area that program will be applied. The study on the development of information system to monitor the malnourished under-five children at the District of Bogor in using a system approach research design that intends to solve the problems. The met on of system approach fur the study is au incremental with a prototyping method .that consist of stages. of planning, analyzing, designing, coding, and prototype testing. The result of system analysis can be applied to identify problems that exist in the ongoing system and its solution alternatives at the level of input; process, and output, The information system to monitor the malnourished under-five children that based on the geographic information system (GIS) is designed for simplifying the data input and process analyzing into producing the information. Output yielded is in then from of Report Tables, Prevalence Graphics of EPD (Energy-protein deficiency), and Coverage of DIS, NID, and BGM/D as the indicators of malnourished under-five monitoring. An advance interpretation can be us to generate the map of tbe distribution of EPD cases, the map of the coverage on DIS, NID, and BGMID, in which identify the area that potentially become a malnourished under-five area. The information system to monitor the malnourished under-five children can be applied for management tools to meet the decision on any activities related to malnourished under-five at the district of Bogor. It is hoped that the information system to monitor the malnourished under-five children based on the GIS can be utilized by other nutrition managers.
Pengembangan Sistem Informasi PWS-KIA herbasis SIG ini adalah dihasilkannya Prototipe aplikasi Program KIA Puskesmas untuk Dlnas Kesehatan Kabupaten. Selaln itu dapat pula dilakukan pemetaan untuk melihat cakupan indikator KIA dan melihat wilayah prioritas herdasatkan cakupan indikator KIA, rasio tenaga Bidan terhadap desa binaan, jarak tempuh kecamatan ke ibu kota kabupaten dan persentase desa rawan per keeamatan. Metodologi yang digunakan adalah pendekatan sistem yang terdiri dari analisis sistem yang dimulai dengan: menetapkan manalah sistem informasi yang ada, informasi peluang pengembangan, indikator dan data yang dibutuhkan. Kemudian membuat perancangan sistem yaitu membuat format input dan output. Selanjutnya dilakukan analisis dengan pemetaan. Diharapkan dengan tersusunnya prototipe PWS-KIA ini, dapat diterapkan dl Dinas Kesehatan dalam mempermudah pelaksanaan Evaluasi Program KIA.
Information system development of PWS-KlA with Geographic Information System (GIS) based produced prototype application KIA program in Public Health Centre for Public Health Office. The prototype can be conducted mapping to see coverage indicator and see priority region with indicator coverage based, personnel ratio of midwife fur building village. traveled distance from district to capital city sub-province and less village percentage by district. The methodology used is system approach that consist of system analysis started with: specify existing information system problem, information of development opportunity, indicator and data required. Then make system design that make input furmat and output. Furthermore is made analysis with mapping. The prototype result has been gotten information about the first priority Public Health Centre for intervention is Public Health Centre- with low coverage indicator KIA. personnel ratio of midwife for building village, less village percentage and traveled distance from district to capital city sub province that far is West Woyla Public Healt Center, East Woyla Public Health Center, Sungai Mas Public Health Center and Meutulang Public Health Center. Expectation from PWS-KIA prototype can help Public Health Office for monitoring and
Jumlah sarana kesehatan di Kota Tangerang Tahun 2006, yaitu Rumah Sakit sebanyak 18 buah, Puskesmas 25 buah, Pustu 7 buah, Posyandu 866 buah, Praktik dokter untuk 652 buab, Praktik dokter gigi 174 buah, Praktik dokter spesialis 275 buah, Balai Pengobatan (BP)/Klinik 120 buah, Rumah Bersalin (RB) 19 buah dan bidan swasta sebanyak 233 buab, namun sebaran sarana pelayanan kesehatan yang ada tersebut belum terlihat khususnya berdasarkan kebutuhan penduduk. Jumlah sarana pelayanan kesehatan swasta meningkat seiring dengan meningkatnya jamlah penduduk dan pencarian pengobatanoleh masyarakat. Sistem informasi registrasi sarana pelayanan kesehatan swasta di Kota Tangerang yang sudah berjalan belum mempunyai sistem basis data yang terintegrasi dan proses registrasi masih dilakukan secara manual. Analisis lebih lanjut perlu dilakukan sehingga dapat dilakukan pengembangan melalui tools yang tepat untuk menganalis kepadatan/rasio sarana pelayanan kesehatan dibandingkan dengan jumlah penduduk. Informasi tersebut dapat digunakan sebagai advise dalam perencanaan pembangunan dan ususlan penentuan lokasi sarana pelayanan kesehatan swasta dan tenaga kesehatan yang dibutuhkan oleh masyarakat. Pengembangan sistem yang dilakukan berdasarkan metode Decision Support System (DSS) yaitu planning, analysis system, design, prototyping,implementation dengan memadukan konsep Data Base Management System dan data spasial sehingga menjadi kekuatan dalam Sistem fnformasi Evaluasi Registrasl Sarana Pelayanan Kesehatan Swasta dan Tenaga Kesehatan (REKESTA). Hasil analisis sistem dapat mengidentifikasi permasalahan yang ada dalam sistem yang sedang berjalan serta altematif solusi pada level input, proses dan output. REKESTA didesain untuk kemudahan input data dan otomasi proses pcngolahannya menjadi informasi. Output yang dihasilkan berupa laporan, tabulasi indikator tenaga kesehatan dan informasi pemetaan sebaran sarana pelayanan kesehatan swasta dan tenaga kesehatan berdasarkan wilayah administrasi dan lnterpretasi 1ebih lanjut akan didapatkan peta sebaran sarana pelayanan kesehatan dasar berdasarkan sarana dan tenaga yang ada, sehingga akan didapatkan daerah yang kekurangan tenaga dan sarana. Aplikasi REKESTA ini dapat menjadi alat manajemen dalam advise dalam perencanaan pembangunan bukan hanya untuk registrasi izin saja tetapi usulan penentuan lokasi yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan masyarakat. REKESTA ini diharapkan dapat dijadikao alat bagi pengeloia program dan dimungkinkan dapat dikembangkan di Kabupaten lain.
The number of health facility in Tangerang on 2006, are 18 hospital, 25 local governer,7 pustu, 866 integrate post service (posyandu), 652 public doctor practise, 174 dentist practise, 275 specialized practice, 120 clinics, i9 maternity hospitals and 233 private midwife, however the spreading of those health services was unseen particularly based on the people needs. The number of private health services increase along with the increasing of people and public searching medical treatment. The information system of private health service registration in Tangerang that already exist now still have not with intergrated data base system and the registration process is still in manuaL Further analysis should be conducted inorder to develope with the right tools to analyze the density or ratio of health service facility compared with the number of citizen. Those informations can be used as advise to plan building and give an idea health service building location that needed by people. Developing system that be done based on decision support system (DSS) method, are planning, analysis system, design, prototyping, implementation by integrating the concept of data base management system and spacial data which result with the power in information system of private health facility service registration evaluation and health personnel (REKESTA). The result of this analysis system can identify the exist problem in the running system, it also can be an alternative solution in level input, process and output. REKESTA is designed to easy in data input and automatic processing into information, The output results are reports, indicator tabulation of health personnel, indicator grafic of health personnel and spreading map information of private health serv(ce and health personnel based on administration area. In further more interpretation can be obtained the spreading map of basic health service facility based on the present facility and personnel, so we will know the area that lack of personnel and facility. The REKESTA aplication can be a management tools in making advise to plan building not only for license registration but also to give idea the appropriate location with the people needs. It hoped can he a tool for programme manager and it is possibly to be developed in other regency.