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Salah satu upaya untuk menyeimbangkan perlindungan terhadap lingkungan dan kepentingan ekonomi pada dunia industri adalah dengan mengupayakan kctersediaan energi altematif dari sumber yang dapat diperbahami dibandingkan penggunaan energi dari slumber yang tidak dapat diperbaharui. Sekam padi merupakan salah satu Iimbah biomas yang tersedia dalam jumlah besar dan memiliki kandungan energi yang tinggi namun menghasilkan polusi terhadap lingkungan serta resiko kcschatan yang rendah jika dibandingkan pembakaran dengan menggunakan bahan bakar yang bcrasal dari fossil. Dalam proses penggunaannya serta keuntungan yang diberikan, debu sekam padi scbagai energi altematif juga membawa porensi bahaya yang memerlukan penanganan memadai, oleh karena itu pengkondisian awal berdasarkan karakteristik bahan merupakan hal yang sangat penting dalam menentukan pananganan sccara aman untuk material padatan yang memiliki ukuran partikcl sangat halus (seperti bubuk, tepung dan debu) hingga sifat - sifat yang berpengaruh terhadap keselamatan dan kesehatan diketahui. Dengan diketahuinya karakteristik debu sekam padi terhadap kemampuan dapat terbakar dan Iedakan maka didapatkan model dcsain peralatan dan proses dengan mempertimbangkan upaya pencegahan dan perlindungan dari bahaya ledakan awan debu guna memenuhi persyaratan manajemen keselamatan proses pada fasilitas pemanfaatan debu sckam padi di insincrator semen Berdasarkan hasil uji laboratorium yang diperoleh diketahui bahwa debu sekarn padi memiliki karakteristik dapat terbakar dengan tingkat Iedakan debu kelas I dan kemampuan tekanan maksimum ledakan sebcsar 6,7 Bar serta energi minimum yang dibutuhkan untuk pcnyalaan sebesar
One of the efforts to balance the protection of the environment and economic purpose in the industrial world is by trying to provide alternative energy from renewable source rather than using the energy from un-renewable source. Rice husk is one of biomass waste that is available in very large amount and contain high energy potential but can contribute less pollution to the environment and low health risk if compared to combustion using fossil-base iitel. ln the utilimtion process and the benefit that it can contribute, rice husk dust as an altemative energy also carries hamrd potential which needs sufficient handling, thus preconditioning based on material characteristic is very important in determining the safe handling for solid material that contains very small particle size (such as powder and dust) so that all the attributes that can atfect to the health and safety can be discovered. In knowing the characteristic of rice husk dust to its combustible and explosion capability, then the model of equipment design and process can be established, also by considering the prevention effort and protection from hazard from dust cloud explosion in the effort to fultill the requirement of process safety management at rice husk dust utilization facility at the cement incinerator. Based on laboratorial test result, it is discovered that rice husk dust have the combustible capability characteristic with tingkat ledakan debu kelas l and maximum explosive pressure of 6,7 Bar and minimum ignition energy needed is
Noise level in Water Treatment Plant (WTP) is high enough. Increasing the need for clean water in line with the increasing population, making the Water Supply Company (PDAM) is required to increase production capacity. There are machines and production processes that have different characteristics than other types of industries. There are 306 PDAMs throughout Indonesia, the potential number of workers exposed to noise is very large, it is necessary to further investigate the relationship between noise characteristics and its determinants to hearing loss to PDAM workers to obtain the most appropriate form of control. This study used a cross sectional study design. The stages of this study are to measure the noise level and provide questionnaires as primary data, analyzing the worker audiometric results as secondary data and using Chi Square statistical test and multi determinant analysis to find out the relationship between independent and dependent variables. The results obtained that the source of noise in water treatment plants are pumps, exhaust fan, compressor, blower, vacuum and waterfall. About 84.4% of workers in the production area exposed to noise > 85 dBA. About 15.6% of workers have hearing loss. It is concluded that exposure workers over 85 dBA with dominant noise frequency > 2000 Hz can cause hearing impairment and aggravate if workers are > 40 years old and have a working life > 14 years. Key words: Noise, Water supply company, Hearing loss, Noise frequency