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Kata kunci : Particulate Matter 2,5 (PM2,5), operator cetak, keluhan pernafasan, lingkungan produksi
This study aimed to determine factors that associated with subjective respiratory complaints on printing operator who exposured particulate matter 2,5 respirable in the environment of production. The subjects of research in the measurement are 51 printing operators in the third shift. The result showed that the higher average exposure concentrations of PM2,5 were found in the Solna 1 machine (0,463 mg/m3 ) and Solna 4 machine (0,211 mg/m3 ) than HT 1,2,3 machine and magnum machine. The result also showed that the printing operators who get the subjective respiratory complaints are 88,2 percents and who not to get the subjective respiratory complaints are 11,8 percents. There were not significant differences between the average concentration of PM2,5 in production area, the duration of exposure, smoking habit and characteristic of living environment with the subjective respiratory complaints. Further improvements on the design of working environment and the good using of respiratory protective equipments.
Keywords : Particulate Matter 2,5 (PM2,5), printing operator, respiratory complaints, production area
Polutan udara dalam ruangan, khususnya PM2.5 memberikan dampak buruk bagi kesehatan penghuni ruangan. Salah satu pengendalian untuk menurunkan konsentrasi PM2.5 adalah dengan menggunakan filter HEPA. Filter HEPA memiliki desain bahan filter yang dilipat-lipat untuk memperbesar luas permukaan filter. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk meneliti pengaruh jumlah lipatan pada filter HEPA berbahan meltblown nonwoven polypropylene terhadap efektivitas filter dalam menurunkan konsentrasi PM2.5 di dalam ruangan. Penelitian dilakukan dalam bentuk eksperimen yang dilakukan di laboratorium Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Indonesia. Larutan KCl 5% disebarkan dalam bentuk partikulat ke dalam ruang uji dan digunakan berbagai variasi filter HEPA dengan jumlah lipatan berbeda untuk dilihat efektivitasnya menurunkan konsentrasi PM2.5. Variasi jumlah lipatan pada filter HEPA yang dilakukan pengujian adalah kepadatan lipatan 1 lipatan/cm, 2 lipatan/cm, dan 3 lipatan/cm. Data PM2.5 dikumpulkan secara langsung dengan CEM Air Particle Counter DT-9881. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa antara tiga kelompok pengujian, tidak terdapat pengaruh signifikan terhadap efektivitas filter HEPA jika dilakukan uji statistik terhadap rata-rata efektivitas filter. Sementara secara praktis, filter 2 lipatan/cm memiliki rata-rata efektivitas paling baik antara ketiga variasi jumlah lipatan, yaitu sebesar 95,28% dan memasuki kategori filter E11.
Indoor air pollution, especially PM2.5, adversely affects its occupants. One of the solutions to reduce PM2.5 concentration is using HEPA Filters. HEPA Filters are designed with pleats to broaden the filter’s surface area. This study aims to research the influence of different pleat count on melt-blown nonwoven polypropylene HEPA Filter on the effectiveness of reducing PM2.5. This research was an experimental study in the occupational and health laboratory, faculty of public health, Universitas Indonesia. A mixture of potassium chloride was dispersed in the form of particulate to the experimentation room and various HEPA filters with different pleat counts were used to see their effectivity in reducing PM2.5 concentration. Variations of pleat count that were used in these experiments were HEPA filters with pleat density of 1 pleat/cm, 2 pleats/cm, and 3 pleats/cm. Data of PM2.5 are directly read and stored with CEM Air Particle Counter DT-9881. Research finds between three variations of pleat count; there were no statistical significance between the average effectiveness percentage of each pleat count variants. Although not statistically significant, filter with pleat density of 2 pleats/cm has the highest effectiveness average between three variations, which is 95,28%, where it’s classified as E11 filter category.
