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Underground uranium mines pose physical hazards in the form of exposure to gamma radiation, radon gas and thoron. Uranium mine workers are at risk of getting lung cancer 3 to 6 times higher than the general public. To anticipate and control the risk from these exposures, a health risk assessment was carried out from the exposure to gamma, radon and thoron radiation in underground uranium mine workers. Measurements of gamma ray exposure and radon gas concentrations were carried out in the uranium exploration mine and around the workers' camp in the Kalan area, West Kalimantan. Gamma-ray measurements were carried out by gamma detector, while radon and thoron exposure were measured using a passive detector RADUET. As a result, the concentration of radon gas in the tunnel ranged from 188.84 to 495.86 Bq/m 3 (average 375.80 Bq/m 3 ) while thoron ranged from 58.07 to 340.73 Bq/m 3 (average 189.80 Bq/m 3 ). This value exceeds the reference level for the radon recommended by ICRP 300 Bq/m 3 . For annual effective dose of gamma rays, an estimated annual effective dose of 85.18 mSv was obtained in one group of workers. This value exceeds the annual dose limit value of 20 mSv for workers. From the results of the risk assessment, a risk value of C is obtained, which means that the risk cannot be accepted, and additional control measures are needed. Workers are exposed to chronic doses of radiation and can be exposed to stochastic effects that can induce cancer.
KATA KUNCI: INDEKS WBGT, TEKANAN PANAS, KELUHAN SUBJEKTIF, TAMBANG BAWAH TANAH
One of the causes of lung function disorder in health problems is coal dust exposure.This study aims to describe the relationship of coal dust exposure and lung function disorder in workers. The method used cross-sectional design with a sample of 72workers. Lung function disorder data is obtained from the company health data. Theresults of this research showed that the restriction of pulmonary function disorder 8.3%,obstruction 2,8%, and a combination of restriction and obstruction 2.8%. Bivariate analysis showed lung function disorder associated with year of work experience(p=0,46). However, coal dust exposure, age, and the using of respiratory protectiveequipment showed there is a tendency to get risk for lung fungtion disorders.
In offshore oil and gas industry operations, underwater pipeline installations are used as transportation to move oil and gas products from one place to another, the underwater pipeline operation cannot be separated from the dangers and risks that can be caused by various factors. Most subsea pipeline failures occur due to failure to recognize hazards and the absence of proper hazard mitigation. These failures can be prevented through a safety risk management method and one of the stages of risk management is risk assessment. Pipes have a vulnerability to damage that can result in various safety incidents that have an impact on human safety, environmental pollution, as well as the company's business. This study aims to conduct a risk assessment of the 20-inch submarine pipeline located in the waters of East Kalimantan belonging to PT.X in the operation phase. This research is a quantitative research using secondary data obtained from PT. X. A pipeline risk assessment methodology (DNV-RP-F107) will be used to identify risks. From the results of the analysis carried out in this study, it was found that the Risk assessment of the 20 main pipeline for oil and gas distributor PT X had been carried out in the scenarios of falling and being dragged by anchors, pipe leaks, and sinking ships with the results of the study showing acceptable risks. The mitigation that has been carried out by PT X in operating the 20 pipe is to be maintained so that the risks in the three scenarios studied can be controlled and are at a low/acceptable level of risk
