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Kata Kunci : Perilaku sehat Ibu, diare, balita
In 2015, the number of cases of diarrhea that occurred in the city of Bogor there were 27,289 cases. While the incidence of diarrhea in North Bogor District amounted to 5,530 cases. North Bogor Sub-district is the highest number of cases of diarrhea in Bogor City. Study aim is to determine the relationship between socioeconomic factors, behavioral factors and environmental factors with the incidence of diarrhea an children under five years old in the work area of Puskesmas Bogor Utara. This study used cross sectional design. A total of 97 mothers with toddlers were interviewed as research samples using a questionnaire. Samples were taken at 4 RW in Tanah Baru Urban Village, using quota sampling technique. This study used primary data taken using a questionnaire to assess the incidence of diarrhea, socioeconomic factors and behavioral factors. This and found 37.1% of chause got diarrhea in the area of Puskesmas Bogor Utara. The result show statistically significant a relationship between handwashing behavior, latrine ownership, clean water source and treatment of waste water disposal facility with diarrhea occurrence.
Keywords: Mother's healthy behavior, diarrhea, toddler
This study aimed to determine compliance to bed nets LLIN?s relation to malariaincidence. This study analized data of Baseline Survey bed nets with insecticide in Sikka district of East Nusa Tenggara Province in February 2009.
Smoking behavior is one of the factors that risk the infections diseases. The reason why someone smokes can be because of lacking of knowledge, family influence, friends and advertisement.
Diare pada anak di bawah lima tahun (balita) hingga saat ini masih menjadi masalah di negara-negara berkembang, demikian pula di Indonesia. Diare masih mempakan penyakit endemis yang terjadi secara tems-menenis di semua daerah, baik di perkotaan maupun di pedesaan. Survey Demografi Kesehatan Indonesia 2002 - 2003 prevalensi diare mencapai 11%. Propinsi yang menduduki prevalensi tertinggi diare pada anak balita adaiah Sulawesi Sclatan (16%) dan Jawa Barat (15%), Meskipun intervensi perubahan pengetahuan pada ibu balira cukup berhasil namun diare pada balita tctap menjadi salah satu dan tiga penyebab mama kemalian bayi. Peningkalan pengetahuan akan oralit dan penggunaannya sebcsar 92%, namun hanya 36% yang konsisten dengan pcngetahuan ilu dalam pengobatan diare (SDKI 2002 - 2003). Rendahnya persepsi akan keseriusan penyakit diare merupakan kendala dalam menckan angka kesakitan diare. Adanya toleransi yang tinggi terhadap diare disebabkan rcndahnya pcrsepsi kescriusan ibu akan diare balita_ Oleh sebab itu upaya pcrubahan persepsi ibu balita dalam meiihat penyakit diare pada anak balitanya merupakan salah satu kunci untuk mempcrbaiki intewensi. Perrnasalahannya adalah belum tereksplorasi socara intensif falctor-faktor yang mempengaruhi terbentuknya persepsi ibu balita tentang kcscriusan penyakit diare pada balita tcrsebut. Dengan desain cross sectional, penelitian ini menguji hubungan antara faktor, pengetahuan, pengalaman kontak, dan kepercayaan tentang diare pada balita dcngan persepsi ibu balita tentang keseriusan diare. Dengan desain cross sectional, penelitian ini menguji hubungan antara faktor, pengetahuan, pengalaman kontak, dan kepercayaan tentang diare pada balita dcngan persepsi ibu balita tentang keseriusan diare. Populasi penclitian adalah ibu-ibu balita di Kecamatan Bekasi Utara dan diambil sampel secara random sebanyak 175 orang yang tersebar di 6 kelurahan. Penclitian berhasil membuktikan bahwa faktor pengetahuan, pengalaman kontak, dan kepercayaan berhubungan secara bermakna dengan persepsi kcseriusan akan penyakit diare pada balita. Dalam analisis multivariat (logistik ganda model faktor risiko) diketahui hubungan variabel pengetahuan dan kepercayaan dengan persepsi keseriusan tidak berinteraksi dengan variabel lain. Sedangkan pengalaman kontak berimeraksi dengan variabel pendidikan. Besaran hubungan variabel independen dengan dependen setelah dilakukan analisis regresi logistik model faktor risiko diperoleh hasil signifikan. Ibu balita berpengetahuan rendah memiliki peluang 2,5 kali untuk berpersepéi diare sebagai penyakit biasa dibandingkan ibu berpengetahuan tinggi (OR: 2,535; 95%CI: 1,321 - 4.866) setelah variabel pendidikan dikendalikan. Ibu balita. yang tidak pernah mcmiliki pengalaman kontak memiliki peluang hampir S kali untuk berpersepsi diare sebagai penyakit biasa dibandingkan ibu balita yang pernah kontak (OR: 4,76l; 95%CI: l,853 - l2,235). Ibu balita dengan kepercayaan rcndah memiiiki peluang hampir 0,5 kali umuk mempersepsikan diare sebagai pcnyakit biasa dibandingkan dengan ibu dengan kepercayaan tinggi setelah variabel jumlah balita dikendalikan (OR: 0392; 95%C1: 0,195 - O,76S). Upaya memperbaiki persepsi ibu balita tentang penyakit diare dapat dilakukan dengan meningkatkan program promosi kesehatan baik melalui peningkatan pengetahuan, menciptakan pengalaman dengan model simulasi, serta merasionalkan kepercayaan-kepercayaan tentang diare pada balita di masyarakat.
Diarrhea on toddlers under 5 years old currently is still a major problem in developing countries such as Indonesia. Diarrhea is still endemic in all areas, including both municipal and rural regions. Indonesian Health Demographic Survey at 2002-2003 showed that prevalence of diarrhea reached up to 11%. Provinces with the highest prevalence were South Sulawesi (I 6%) and West Java (15%). Although intervention to improve the awareness of mothers with toddler under 5 years old was quite successful, diarrhea was still one of the three major causes of infant death. Even though the improvement ofthe awareness of oralit and its usage was 92%, only 36% was consistent with that knowledge in diarrhea recovery (SDK1 2002-2003). The low perception to the seriousness of diarrhea, which leads to high tolerance of mothers towards diarrhea, is one ofthe obstacles in decreasing the diarrhea frequency. Hence, the effort to change the perception of mothers with toddlers under S years old towards diarrhea is one of the key to improve the intervention. However, factors that influence the perception of mothers towards the seriousness of diarrhea have never been exploited intensively. Using cross sectional design, this research aims to ind the relation between knowledge, contact experience, and belief about diarrhea on toddler under 5 years old with the perception of mothers towards the seriousness of diarrhea. The research population is mothers with toddlers under 5 years old in the district of Bekasi Utara, and |75 subjects are selected randomly across 6 regions (kelurahan). The research population is mothers with toddlers under 5 years old in the district of Bekasi Utara, and 175 subjects are selected randomly across 6 regions (kelurahan). This research showed that knowledge, contact experience and belief have signiticant relation with the perception towards the seriousness of diarrhea on toddler under 5 years old. Multivariate analysis (logistic regression multivariate with risk factor model) showed that relation between knowledge and belief variables to the perception do not interact with other variables, while contact experience interacts with education variable. After conducted risk factor model logistic regression analysis, the relation between independent variable and dependent variable showed significant result. Mothers with toddler under 5 years old who had limited knowledge had chance 2,5 times to percept that diarrhea was not serious more than mothers who had wide knowledge (OR: 2,535; 95%CI: 1,32I) after education variable was controlled. Mothers with toddler under 5 years old who had experience with diarrhea had chance almost 5 times to percept that diarrhea was not serious more than mothers who had experience (OR: 4_76l; 95%CI: 1.853 - l2.235)- Mothers with toddler under 5 years old who had low belief had chance 0.5 times to percept that diarrhea was not serious more than mothers who had high belief (OR: 0392; 95%Cl: 0.195 - 0_765) after the number of toddler under 5 years old was controlled. The effort to improve the perception of mothers with toddlers under 5 years old towards diarrhea can be conducted by improving the program to promote the health, such as enhancing the knowledge/awareness, creating contact experience by simulation model, and by rationalize belief about diarrhea within the people.
