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Meningkatnya perkembangan Industri di Indonesia mengakibatkan terjadinya pencemaran Lingkungan di sekitamya. Adanya berita media massa tentang pencemaran lingkungan di sekitftr PT Pupuk Sriwijaya yang menycbabkan teijadinya penyakit infeksi saluran pemapasan pada penduduk di pemukiman sekitar industri tersebul.Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mcngetahui hubungan pemajanan ammonia dan PM", serta faktor risiko yang mempengaruhinya dengan kejadian gejala pcnyakit saluran pemapasan pada bayi dan balita di pemukiman sekitar PT pupuk Sriwijaya palembang tahun 2001.Subyek pcnelitian adalah ibu-ibu yang memiliki bayi dan baiita (0 bulan-59 bulan). Didapatkan sebanyak 125 keluarga yang mcmiliki bayi dan balita secara random sampling yang tersebax dalam 3 kclurahan. Jenis penelitian bersifat deskriptif anaiitik dengan rancangan penelitian Cross-secrional.Hasil penentuan kadar ammonia antara 246.75 pg/m3-1499 gym), sedangkan kadar P1\/110 antara 202.60 pg/m3-1281 ng/mi. Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan (p < 0.05) pemajanan ammonia dcngan kejadian gejala penyakit saluran pcmapasan pada bayi dan balita di pemukiman sekitar industri PT Pupuk Sriwidjaja. Ada hubungan dosis respons antara pemajanan ammonia dengan kejadian gejala penyakit saluran pemapasan pada bayi dan balita di pemukiman sckitar PT Pupuk Sriwidjaja PalembangPemajanan PM|o Yang tinggi pada bayi dan balita di pemukiman sekitar PT Pupuk Sriwidjaja akan meningkatkan risiko menderita gejala penyakit saluran pemapasan Dari model akhir didapat nilai OR = 1.1124 (95%CI=l.014-l.221), artinya setiap peningkatan 1 unit kadar PM 10 meningkatkan riaiko bayi dan balita rnenderita gejala penyakit saluran pemapasan sebcsar I 1.24%Kesimpulan menunjukkan bahwa bayi dan balita yang terpajan dengan ammonia 2 652.50 pg/ma' mempunyai risiko menderita gcjala penyakit saluran pemapasan sebesar 9.508 kali dibandingkan dengan bayi dan balita yang terpajan ammonia < 652.50 pg,/ms setelah ciikontrol oleh variabcl variabel PMN, kepadatan hunian, perokok dalam rumah dan interaksi antara ammonia dengan PMN.Saran kepada pihak PT Pupuk Sriwidjaja unmk tems memantad alat alat pengendaiian emisi gas maupun debu urea dan meningkatkan efisiensi dan efektifitas alat alat pengendalinya, sehingga dapat mengurangi pencemaran di sekitar industri tersebut.
Due to increasing industry expansion in Indonesia it alfect the environmental pollution around the industry. There was mass media regarding environmental pollution around PUSRI which result of acute respiratory infection symptoms of the local community around that lndustry.The purpose of -this study is to find out the relationship between expo: ure ammonia and PMN , as well as risk factor which influence with the condition acute respiratory infection symptoms at babies and children living around at PT Pupuk Sriwidjaja in 2001.Subyect of this study are mothers who has babies and children ranging from 0 to 59 months. We found out that around l25 families who has babies and children as sampling random from 3. The methode of this study is descriptive analytic with cross sectional study designed.The result of concentrate ammonia between 246.75 ug/m3-1499 ug/m3. And actual PMN, consentrate between 202.60 ug/m3-128| pg/rn3.There is significant relationship (p<0_05) between exposure ammonia and PM", with condition acute respiratory infection symptoms at babies and children living around at PT Pupuk Sriwidjaja Palembang There are linked dose respons between exposure ammonia with acute respiratory infection symptoms at babies and children living around at P'I` pupuk Sriwidjaja.High exposure of PM", at the babies and children around PT Pusn area will raise from the risk acute respiratory infection symptoms. From the last model, it found out the value of OR equal to 1.1124 (95%CI = l.0l4-1221), meaning every raise per l unit PM10 will be raised the risk of babies and children for l 1.24 %.Conclusion indicates that babies and children who has exposured with ammonia 2 652.50 ug/m3 has risk factor of the acute respiratory infection symptoms 9.5! times compare with babies and children exposured by ammonia < 652.50 ug/m3, after being adjusted by variables PM io, smoker inside the house, density of population and interact between ammonia and PM iq.Suggestion to PT Pupuk Sriwidjaja to constantly measure all the control gas emission and dust urea equipment and to raise eiiiciency and effectiveness ofthe control equipment so that it could reduce pollution around the industry.
Kata kunci : Kebisingan, gangguan non-auditory, gangguan fisiologis, gangguan psikologis, gangguan komunikasi.
Health and safety at work are rights of every worker. However, it cannot be denied that the physical condition of the environment in the workplace which is used to be a place for workers to do their daily activities is still potential to cause many hazards, one of which is the danger of noise. Noise can occur in the workplace both industrial and non-industrial. Exposure that occurs continuously and not in accordance with the provisions can cause various health problems both auditory and non-auditory. Therefore, this study wants to find out the relationship between the level of noise exposure and subjective (non-auditory) complaints which include assessment of physiological, psychological and communication disorders of 84 workers in the production unit area of the flour mill PT.X Cilegon, Banten. The results of this study indicate that there is no statistically significant relationship between years of service, age, smoking habits, use of ear protection equipment, habit of using earphones, habit of listening to loud music, and also training with physiological, psychological and communication disorders. However, the incidence of physiological, psychological and communication disorders among workers showed a fairly high rate, namely as many as 26.2% of workers experiencing physiological disorders, 47.6% of workers experiencing psychological disorders, and as many as 48.8% of workers experiencing communication disorders. Therefore, companies still need to follow up related to this noise problem so as not to pose risks and also greater health problems in the future.
Keywords : Noise, non-auditory disorders, physiological disorders, psychological disorders, communication disorders
Traditional ceramic industry Plered is a home industry in which the process and technology used are still simple, so the emissions produced are not yet a concern. Thus, if not managed properly it can cause air pollution which can pose a risk to human health. This study is to analyze the relationship between health risks and lung function disorder in workers due to particulate matter 10 µm (PM10) exposure in the air in Traditional Ceramic Industry Plered. This is a quantitative study with a cross sectional research design and a mixed method approach to Environmental Health Risk Analysis (ARKL) and Environmental Health Epidemiology (EKL). Measurements include measurements of PM10 concentrations using High Volume Air Sampling (HVAS) using gravimetric method according to the guidelines of SNI 7119.15:2016, measurement of body weight with scales, height measurement with microtoa, interviews with questionnaires and spirometry tests with spirometer. The number of sample workers was 107 people and the sample of 30 workers was subjected to a spirometric test with the longest working period criteria. PM10 concentration of 0.2 mg/m 3 has exceeded the NAV of 0.1 mg/m 3 so there are risks that need to be controlled. But the level of health risks of workers (risk quotient/RQ) (0.008) is still low (RQ <1) which is influenced by the average intake of workers/intake (I) which is also still low (0.02 mg/kg/day) is far from the default value of RfC (2.42 mg/kg/day). This is influenced by the average body weight/BMI of workers in the normal category and even though the PM10 concentration was above the NAV, it was found that the PM10 concentration was 23 mg/m 3 resulting in an intake (I) of 2.46 mg/kg /day which exceeds the value an RfC of 2.42 mg/kg/day, resulting in a worker's health risk level (risk quotient / RQ) of 1.01 (RQ> 1). While the incidence of lung function disorder in workers is quite high where as many as 27 people from 30 workers sample (90%) suffer from lung function disorder. There was no relationship between the level of health risks of workers (risk quotient/ RQ) with lung function disorder in workers (p = 1.000). This may be due to the low RQ, other sources of exposure and factors outside the workplace. There is the behavior of workers who most (88 people (82.24%) workers) have not used a mask when working which is statistically related to the level of health risks of workers (risk quotient/RQ) (p = 0.028). The low RQ value, the existence of other sources of exposure and factors outside the workplace as well as the behavior of workers who have not used masks while working encourage the need for regular environmental health and occupational health monitoring and counseling in fostering personal awareness of workers to use masks while working
Kata Kunci : PM2,5, Analisis risiko, industri semen, pekerja industri, fungsi paru
