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Background: Nutrition aspect is one of the most important factors on human resources development. On the other hand the prevalence of malnutrition in South Jakarta District in year 2003 was still very high, there were 2,250 (12.56 %) and 354 (1.98 %) under-five children at severe malnutrition condition. If we refer to those numbers it could assume that everyday there was malnutrition outbreak in that area. In its implementation, the nutrition surveillance (nutritional status monitoring) is supported by an information system called early warning system for food and nutrition problems (SKPG) which has already available in every health center in sub-district level in Jakarta Province. However up to now the system could not implement due to some constraints. Objective: The purpose of the study is to develop an information system for nutritional status monitoring among under-five children that prover, meet the requirement, and user friendly in Pesanggrahan Sub-District. Methodology: The study was conducted based on system development live cycle which consist of planning phase, analyses, and scheme of system tryout. Examination of system only conducted in laboratory by using data of sampel. Results: This research was resulted a prototype of information system to monitor the nutritional status among under-five children in Puskesmas Pesanggrahan (SIPSG). Conclution: SIPSG is expected to supply any needed information effectively. The system is designed to provide relevant, quick, precise and accurate data. Hopefully the system will be more useful in alleviating the nutrition problem through routine nutrition status monitoring in the area. Key words: SIPSG
Kesehatan dan gizi merupakan faktor yang penting karena secara langsung berpengaruh terhadap kualitas Sumber Daya Manusia di masyarakat. Status gizi masyarakat sering digambarkan dengan besaran masalah gizi pada kelompok balita. Kegiatan pemantauan balita kurang gizi merupakan kegiatan penting untuk kewaspadaan gizi. Peraturan yang mendukung terhadap kegiatan kewaspadaan gizi adalah Kepmenkes tentang pedoman penyelenggaraan surveilans epidemiologi kesehatan yang salah satunya tentang pelaksanaan kewaspadaan gizi daKepmenkes tentang standar pelayanan minimal yang menetapkan bahwa 80% kecamatan menjadi bebas rawan gizi. Angka balita kurang gizi yang cukup tinggi dan luasnya geografis Kabupaten Bogor mendasari diperlukannya suatu sistem informasi yang dapat dipergunakan untuk membantu para pengambil kebijakan dalam mengevaluasi dan intervensi program perbaikan gizi serta menentukan prioritas wilayah dalam pembinaannya. Penelitian pengembangan sistem informasi pemantauan balita kurang gizi di Kabupaten Bogor ini menggunakan desain penelitian dengan pendekatan sistem untuk menyelesaikan masalah. Dengan metode pendekatan sistem yang digunakan adalah incremental dengan metode prototyping yang meliputi tahapan perencanaan, analisis, perancangan, pengkodean dan uji coba prototype. Hasil analisis sistem dapat ngidentiftkasi permasalahan-permasalahan yang ada dalam sistem yang sedang berjalan serta altematif solusinya pada tingkat input, proses dan output. Sistem informasi pemantaun balita kurang gizi Sistem Informasi Geografts didesain untuk memudahkan input data dan analisis proses pengolahannya menjadi informasi. Output yang dihasilkan bempa laporan tabel, graftk prevalensi KEP, cakupan DIS, NID dan BGMID sebagai indikator pemantauan balita kurang gizi. Interpretasi lebih lanjut akan didapatkan peta sebaran kasus KEP, peta cakupan DIS, cakupan NID dan BGMID , sehingga akan didapatkan daerah yang rawan/potensi terhadap kasus balita kurang gizi. Aplikasi sistem informasi pemantauan balita kurang gizi ini dapat menjadi alat manajemen dalam pengambilan keputusan untuk kegiatan yang berhubungan dengan masalah balita kurang gizi di Kabupaten Bogor. Sistem informasi pemantauan balita kurang gizi berbasis sistem informasi geografi ini diharapkan dapat diman:faatkan bagi pengelola gizi lainnya.
It has already known that health and nutrition are the most important factors that directly influence the quality of human resources in the?society. Public nutritional status is usually described as the wide of the nutrition problems within is under-five group. Therefore, the activities on the monitoring of malnourished under-five children should be prioritized as it can be as a nutrition awareness system. The regulation that support the activities? on a nutrition awareness is stated in the ministry of health decision (MHD) on the Guidelines for the Implementation of Epidemiological Surveillance on the subject of a nutrition awareness, and MHD on the Minimum standard for services, which determine that 80% of sub-districts should be free from malnourishment state. The high rate on under-five malnourished and a broad-range of area geographically of bogor, are use to be the base on why information is needed, in order to assist for policy makers to evaluate and to intervene a nutrition improvement program, and to decide in which part of the area that program will be applied. The study on the development of information system to monitor the malnourished under-five children at the District of Bogor in using a system approach research design that intends to solve the problems. The met on of system approach fur the study is au incremental with a prototyping method .that consist of stages. of planning, analyzing, designing, coding, and prototype testing. The result of system analysis can be applied to identify problems that exist in the ongoing system and its solution alternatives at the level of input; process, and output, The information system to monitor the malnourished under-five children that based on the geographic information system (GIS) is designed for simplifying the data input and process analyzing into producing the information. Output yielded is in then from of Report Tables, Prevalence Graphics of EPD (Energy-protein deficiency), and Coverage of DIS, NID, and BGM/D as the indicators of malnourished under-five monitoring. An advance interpretation can be us to generate the map of tbe distribution of EPD cases, the map of the coverage on DIS, NID, and BGMID, in which identify the area that potentially become a malnourished under-five area. The information system to monitor the malnourished under-five children can be applied for management tools to meet the decision on any activities related to malnourished under-five at the district of Bogor. It is hoped that the information system to monitor the malnourished under-five children based on the GIS can be utilized by other nutrition managers.
ABSTRAK
Latar belakang : Usia Harapan Hidup (UHH) diperkirakan pada 2014 sudah mencapai 72 tahun. Peningkatan tersebut akan berdampak pada peningkatan jumlah lansia. Pada tahun 2050 mencapai 2 milyar lansia. Meningkatnya jumlah lansia menjadi perhatian kita semua, baik pemerintah, lembaga masyarakat maupun masyarakat itu sendiri. Kementerian kesehatan Republik Indonesia telah menetapkan indikator dalam pelayanan kesehatan lanjut usia. Namun dalam pelaksanaannya, target indikator tersebut masih belum tercapai, terutama skrining kesehatan pada 100% lansia di panti werdha.
Tujuan : Mengembangkan sistem informasi pemantauan status kesehatan lansia agar dapat memonitoring status kesehatan lansia.
Metode : menggunakan metode kualitatif dan System Development Life Cycle (SDLC).
Hasil : Dengan dikembangkannya sistem informasi pemantauan status kesehatan lansia berbasis panti werdha, maka panti werdha dapat memberikan informasi capaian skrining kesehatan lansia dipanti kepada puskesmas dan suku dinas kesehatan. Selain itu, keluarga lansia juga dapat memonitoring status kesehatan lansia.
Kesimpulan : Pengembangan sistem informasi ini menghasilkan data status kesehatan individu lansia dilevel panti terkait capaian indikator skrining kesehatan pada 100% lansia dipanti yang dapat dimanfaatkan oleh puskesmas, suku dinas kesehatan maupun keluarga lansia.
ABSTRACT
Background: life expectancy estimated in 2014 has been reached 72 years. The increase will have an impact on the increasing number of elderly. In 2050 will be reached 2 billion elderly. The increasing number of elderly being attention for government, community agencies and the community itself. Indonesian republic's ministry of health has set an indicator in elderly health care. But in practice, the target indicator is still not achieved, especially at 100% health screening elderly in nursing homes.
Objective: develop monitoring health status information systems to elderly.
Methods: using qualitative methods and System Development Life Cycle (SDLC).
Results: developed of monitoring information system based on the health status of elderly nursing homes, can provide performance indicator of elderly health screening to the primary health care and district of health. In addition, elderly relatives can also monitor the health status of elderly.
Conclusion: these information system development to produce health status data of elderly individuals associated performance indicators nursing homes at 100% health screening elderly in nursing homes, which can be used by primary health care, district of health and elderly families.
Background:The high cause of tuberculosis prevalence in Indonesia is the enough big of population number and the high density of Indonesian population especially in some of regions. The enough long treatment, 6 – 8 months cause many patients cannot settle their treatment completely. Beside that the discipline level of tuberculosis patient for drinking medicine is still low and tuberculosis attacked people with bad nutrient status and weak physical condition. While the system of recording and reporting of tuberculosis which were most complicated with registration form in number of 13 forms (TB 01 – 13) which was executed manually so that it is much possible that the mistake was happened at the time of filling and many found incomplete data. Incomplete data if it is processed, hence it will create improper information, so that said information cannot be used to prevent tuberculosis. Objective: The objective to be developed the former system becoming new system with automatic processing and calculation can give description of tuberculosis problem in East Jakarta Municipality. Methode: Method used in the development of information system of tuberculosis prevention is life cycle of system development consisting of pre analysis, planning and try out systems. Result: The result of system development is established information system prototype of tuberculosis prevention which can give description of tuberculosis condition in East Jakarta and give conducted description activity as well as help program manager in making work plan of annual program. The development of information system of tuberculosis prevention in East Jakarta for changing former system (TB electronic) represents one effort to handle tuberculosis problem in East Jakarta Municipality. With the establishment of this system, it will help in processing and analyzing tuberculosis data becoming information, such as percentage of new case invention, percentage of recovery, percentage of conversion, percentage of laboratory mistake, the path of new case distribution and drop out case and density population area and poor family (gakin) area, as well as give description of health center performance and health center distribution in servicing tuberculosis patient. Conclusion: Identification of the opportunity and feasibility for developing information system of tuberculosis prevention. Keyword: TBC, Information System of Tuberkulosis
Background: Leprosy is chronic disease cause by Mycobacterium Leprae infection and it is a contagious disease that generates very complex problems. At Cirebon district over last three years, until 2003, patient number reach 1.207 (Prevalence Rate 1,69/10.000 population), have not reach leprosy elimination, therefore disease contamination keep going. Leprosy elimination in Cirebon district to acquire and process of data using leprosy surveillances sentinel system, this system operational not yet maximum and yielded output only limited to regular report. Objective: The purpose of this system development is to develop an application of Leprosy System Information Program Based on Geography Information System for leprosy elimination acceleration program in Cirebon District Year 2005 Methods: System development done based on System Development Life Cycle method, by combining Data Base Management System concept and spatial data. Data and information needed were collecting by interview and document observation. Results: SIGEK designed for facilitating data input and automatic of its process mechanism into information. Yielded output is in form of regular report, tabulation, graphic, and area endemic mapping information with urban smallest observation unit. Epidemiologic interpretation leprosy case from this visual map can be identified case transmission diffusion model and health service range (Puskesmas) in leprosy elimination. Conclusion: This SIGEK application can be management application on leprosy elimination program, empowered ability on monitoring activity and surveillance. Yielded output could be made as information for decision making input on leprosy elimination acceleration program. SIGEK was hoped to be a device for program management and possible can be developed on other district. Keywords: Geography Information System, Elimination, Leprosy
Pada masa rcformasi sekarang ini telah tejadi pcrgeseran pola pembangunan kesehatan mcnjadi “Paradigma Sehat” yaitu suatu cara pandang yang melihat pemccahan masalah keschatan yang lebih diarahl-can pada peningkatan, pemeliharaan dan perlindungan kesehatan yang bcrsifat promotifl preventif bukan Hanya kuratif dan rehabilitatif sqia. Masalah gizi adalah masalah kesehatan masyamkat yang penanggulangannya tidak dapat dilakukan dengan pendekatan medis dan pelayanan kesehatan saja. Masalah gizi disamping merupakan sindrome kemiskinan yang erat kaitannya dengan masalah ketahanan pangan tingkat rumah tangga, juga menyangkut aspek pengetahuan dan perilaku yang kurang mcndukung pola hidup sehat. Analisis SKDN di Kabupaten Aceh Tcngah menunjuklcan untuk Liputan Progmm (K/S) dari bulan Januari hingga Desember 2006 yaitu antam 84% hingga 90%, Kelangsungan Penimbangan (D/K) dari bulan Januari hingga Desembar 2006 yaitu antara 55% hingga 93%, Hasil Penimbangan (N/D) dari bulan Januari hingga Desembar 2006 yaitu antara 63% hingga 76%, Parsitipasi Masyarakat (D/S) dari bulan Ianuari hingga Desembar 2006 yaitu antara 49% hingga 80% dan Hasil Pencapaian Program (N/S) dari bulan Januari hingga Desember 2006 yaitu antara 36% hingga 44%. Penelilian pengembangan sistem informasi pemantauan balita gizi kurang dan analisis wilayah potcnsial rawan gizi di Kabupaten Aceh Tengah ini menggunakan dcsain penelitian dengan pendekatan sistem untuk penyelewian masalah. Langkah- Iangkah pengembangan sistem mengikuti metode .System Development Like Cycle (SDLC) yang mempakan metode umum dalam pengembangan sistem dan melihat kemungldnan-kemungkinan sistem informasi yang sudah ada. Sistem informasi pemantauan balita gizi kurang dan analisis wilayah potensial rawan gizi di Kabupaten Aceh Tengah ini dikembangkan dalam rangka memudahkan input data dan proses analisis data menjadi informasi. Informasi yang dihasilkan bempa tabel Iaporan penimbangan balita, Iaporan pemantauan status gizi (PSG), grafik indikator SKDN dan peta wilayah potensial rawan gizi di Kabupaten Aceh Tengah. Informasi yang diperoleh diharapkan benar-benar relevan, cepat, tepat dan akurat serta bermanfaat untuk kepentingan program gizi di Kabupaten Aceh Tengah, sehingga pada akhimya kebliakaxi program gizi menjadi tepal sasaran.
In the reformation era nowadays the health development pattem had changed for becoming “Health Paradigm” which is about perspective in managing of health problem solving pointed more at health enhancement, maintenance, and protection not only curative and rehabilitative but promotionally and preventively. The nutrition matter is public health problem could not be overcame only by medical approach and health caring themselves. Nutrition problem is a poverty syndrome related to food available problem at household level on one side, also behavior and knowledge aspect which less support healthy life pattern on the other side. SKDN analysis in Middle Aceh Regency Rom January till December 2006 showed between 84% to 90% for Program Coverage (K/S), 55% to 93% for Weighing Continuity (D/K), 63% to 76% for Weighing Result (N/D), 49% to 80% for Public Participation (D/S) and 36% to 44% For Program Accomplishment Result (N/S). The development study of monitoring information system of malnutrition child under tive and analysis of potential region of nutrient disturbed in Middle Aceh Regency using study design with system approach in accomplishment of the problem. System development steps based on System Development Life Cycle method (SDLC) which is general method in system development and also noticed possibility of an exist information system. Monitoring infomation system of malnutrition child under tive and analysis of potential region of nutrient disturbed in Middle Aceh Regency was developed to simplify data input and data analyzing process to information. Resulting Infomation included reporting table of child under five weighing, reporting of nutrient status monitoring (PSG), SKDN graphic indicator and map of potential region of nutrient disturbed in Middle Aceh Regency. Obtained information supposed to be relevance, fast, precise and accurate and benefit for the sake of nutrition program in Middle Aceh Regency, and the last the nutrition program policy got the right oigiectives.
