Abstrak: Masyitah, Siti / Promotor : Kusharisupeni / Kopromotor : Kamso, Sudijanto ; Djuwita, Ratna / Penguji : Achadi, Endang L. ; Notoatmojo, Soekidjo ; Besral ; Irawati, Anies ; Wratsangka, Raditya

Abstrak:

ABSTRAK

Stunting atau perawakan pendek pada anak merupakan suatu ?tragedi yang tersembunyi? dan dampaknya menyebabkan gangguan pada pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak yang irreversibel. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor dominan kejadian stunting pada balita usia 24 ? 59 bulan di Kelurahan Harapan Mulya Kota Bekasi tahun 2013. Disain penelitian adalah cross sectional dan melibatkan 143 sampel yang diambil dengan sampel acak sederhana. Status stunting dinilai berdasarkan Z-score TB/U menurut klasifikasi WHO. Pengukuran tinggi badan menggunakan microtoice, berat badan menggunakan timbangan digital, asupan makanan (energi, protein, vitamin A, zink) menggunakan FFQ semikuantitatif. ASI, berat lahir, penyakit infeksi, pendidikan ayah dan ibu, status ekonomi didapatkan melalui wawancara.

Hasil analisis menunjukkan sebanyak 32,9% balita usia 24-59 bulan tergolong stunting. Uji chi-square menunjukkan berat lahir, asupan energi dan protein, asupan zink, pendidikan ayah dan status ekonomi berhubungan signifikan dengan kejadian stunting. Analisis regresi logistik menghasilkan berat lahir sebagai faktor dominan yang berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting setelah dikontrol pendidikan ayah dan asupan energi (p=0,003;OR=6,663;CI=1,87? 23,5). Untuk mencegah kejadian stunting pada balita, disarankan pemeriksaan kehamilan yang teratur, memberikan makanan bergizi seimbang untuk balita sesuai AKG yang dianjurkan, mempersiapkan status kesehatan dan gizi yang baik untuk remaja perempuan sebelum kehamilan.

ABSTRACT

Stunting or short stature is a ?hidden tragedy? and its impact causes disorder to a irreversible child?s development. The aim of this study were to determine the dominant factor of stunting among children aged 24-59 months at Harapan Mulya sub-district in Bekasi city 2013. Design was a cross sectional study on 143 children whom chosen by simple random sampling. Status of stunting were expressed by height for age z-score (HAZ) according to the WHO classification. Children?s height were measured using microtoise, body weight was measured with digital scales, nutrients intake (energy, protein, vitamin A and zink) were collected throught semiquantitative FFQ. Breastfeeding, birthweight, infection disease, education of father and mother and economic status were collected through interview.

The analysis result showed 32,9% children aged 24-59 months were stunting. Chi-square test showed birthweight , energy and protein intake, zinc intake, father education and economic status were significant correlate with stunting. Logistic regression analysis showed birthweight variable as a dominant factor which related to stunting after being controlled by father education and energy input (p=0,003;OR=6,663;CI=1,8723,5). Suggestion for deterrence of stunting is the regular pregnancy inspection, giving nutritious wellbalanced under five years food input as according to AKG suggested, preparing good nutrient and health status for woman adolescent before pregnancy.

Abstrak: Berdasarkan berat badan rujukan menurut Departemen Kesehatan, bayi yang lahir dengan gizi baik akan mempunyai berat badan antara 2,5 kg sampai 3,4 kg. Pertambahan berat badan bayi sangatlah pesat, tetapi laju pertambahan berat badan makin lama makin berkurang. Pada umur 5 bulan, berat badan bayi menjadi dua kali berat lahir, sedangkan pada umur 1 tahun beratnya tiga kali berat lahir, dan pada umur 2 tahun berat badannya menjadi empat kali berat lahir. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara berat badan lahir terhadap pertambahan berat badan usia 12 bulan pada bayi yang di lahirkan di klinik bidan praktek mandiri (BPM) di Kota Lubuklinggu Propinsi Sumatera Selatan Tahun 2019, sampel sebanyak 108. Desain penelitian cross sectional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 81,5% bayi lahir dengan berat badan ≥3000gram, sebanyak 47,2% bayi yang mengalami kenaikan berat badan 3 kali berat lahir, 47,2 % bayi diberi ASI eksklusif, 63% bayi mendapat MP ASI pada usia ≥ 6 bulan, 59,3% bayi menderita penyakit infeksi, 88% ibu yang memiliki usia kehamilan ≥ 38 minggu, 70,4 % ibu yang memiliki pendidikan ≥ SLTA, 63% bayi rutin melakukan penimbangan berat badan serta 80,6% bayi mendapatan imunisasi lengkap. Terdapat hubungan antara berat badan lahir (p value = 0,001) dan status imunisasi (p value = 0,017) terhadap pertambahan berat badan bayi pada usia 12 bulan. Perlu adanya peningkatan program antenatal care (ANC) dan peningkatan program cakupan imunisasi/universal child immunization (UCI) serta peningkatan kunjungan posyandu agar bayi dapat mencapai berat badan yang ideal pada usia 12 bulan. Kata kunci: Berat badan lahir, berat badan usia 12 bulan, imunisasi Based on the reference weight according to the Ministry of Health, babies born with good nutrition will have a weight between 2.5 kg to 3.4 kg. Baby's weight gain is very rapid, but the rate of weight gain decreases over time. At the age of 5 months, the baby's weight is twice the birth weight, while at the age of 1 year it weighs three times the birth weight, and at the age of 2 years the weight becomes four times the birth weight. The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between birth weight to weight gain of 12 months in infants born at independent practice midwife clinics (BPM) in Lubuklinggu City, South Sumatra Province in 2019, a sample of 108. The study design was cross sectional. The results showed 81.5% of babies born with a weight of 0003000gram, as many as 47.2% of infants who gained weight 3 times birth weight, 47.2% of infants were given exclusive breastfeeding, 63% of infants received MP ASI at the age of ≥ 6 month, 59.3% of babies suffer from infectious diseases, 88% of mothers who have gestational age ≥ 38 weeks, 70.4% of mothers who have education ≥ SLTA, 63% of babies routinely weigh weight and 80.6% of babies get complete immunization . There is a relationship between birth weight (p value = 0.001) and immunization status (p value = 0.017) on infant weight gain at 12 months of age. There needs to be an antenatal care (ANC) improvement program and an increase in the universal child immunization (UCI) program and an increase in posyandu visits so that babies can achieve the ideal body weight at 12 months of age. Key words: Birth weight, 12 month body weight, immunization

Abstrak: Berat lahir merupakan ukuran antropometri yang terpenting dan paling sering dijadikan indikator ukuran pertumbuhan bayi. Bayi yang memiliki berat lahir kurang dari 2500 gram, mengindikasikan adanya gangguan kesehatan dan gizi ibu ketika hamil, yang dapat meningkatkan risiko morbiditas dan mortalitas bayi dan berkaitan dengan risiko terjadinya penyakit degeneratif ketika usia dewasa. Penelitian ini memakai desain cross sectional, menggunakan data rekam medis ibu hamil yang melahirkan di UPTD Puskesmas Mandirancan periode Januari sampai dengan Desember 2016 yang berjumlah 397 rekam medis. Hasil uji statistik regresi linier ganda menyatakan bahwa IMT awal kehamilan, pertambahan BB ibu hamil, kadar Hb, dan Lila berhubungan signifikan dengan berat lahir bayi. Faktor yang paling dominan mempengaruhi berat lahir adalah faktor IMT awal kehamilan (β=0,573) setelah dikontrol oleh variabel pertambahan BB ibu hamil, kadar Hb, dan Lila. Disarankan agar puskesmas memberikan informasi kepada ibu hamil dan ibu yang akan merencanakan kehamilan, mengenai pentingnya IMT awal kehamilan, pertambahan BB ibu hamil, kadar Hb, dan Lila yang sesuai rekomendasi untuk mencapai berat lahir yang normal.
Kata Kunci : IMT awal kehamilan; pertambahan berat badan ibu hamil;berat lahir

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Birth weight is the most important anthropometric measure and is most often used as an indicator of infant growth. Babies with a birth weight of less than 2500 grams indicate a maternal health and nutritional disorder when pregnant, which may increase the risk of infant morbidity and mortality and are associated with the risk of degenerative diseases in adulthood. This study used cross sectional design, using maternity medical record data that gave birth at UPTD Puskesmas Mandirancan from January to December 2016 which amounted to 397 medical records. The result of double linear regression statistic test stated that early pregnancy BMI, maternal weight of pregnant mother, Hb, and Lila were significantly correlated with infant birth weight. The most dominant factor influencing birth weight was early pregnancy IMT factor (β = 0,573) after controlled by weight variable of pregnant mother, Hb level, and Lila. It is recommended that the puskesmas provide information to pregnant women and mothers who will plan for pregnancy, on the importance of early pregnancy IMT, maternal fatigue, Hb, and Lila levels as recommended to achieve normal birth weight.
Key words : Body Mass Index of early pregnancy; Maternal weight gain, birth weight