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Keselamatan kerja pada jalur hauling di industri pertambangan batubara merupakan aspek penting yang memerlukan perhatian serius, mengingat tingginya risiko kecelakaan kerja pada aktivitas pengangkutan material. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi kecelakaan kerja dan menyusun model pencegahan berbasis Human Factor Analysis and Classification System for Mining Industry (HFACS-MI) serta metode investigasi Australian Transport Safety Bureau (ATSB). Pendekatan campuran digunakan dalam penelitian ini, dengan data kuantitatif diperoleh melalui survei terhadap 420 operator dump truck di tiga perusahaan tambang terbuka di Kalimantan, serta data kualitatif dari wawancara mendalam, Focus Group Discussion (FGD), dan observasi langsung di lapangan. Analisis regresi linier berganda digunakan untuk menguji pengaruh enam variabel independen faktor eksternal, pengaruh organisasi, kepemimpinan tidak berkeselamatan, pengendalian risiko, kondisi lingkungan, dan tindakan individu terhadap kecelakaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seluruh variabel memiliki pengaruh signifikan, dengan kepemimpinan tidak berkeselamatan dan kondisi lingkungan sebagai faktor dominan penyebab kecelakaan. Temuan ini mengindikasikan perlunya penguatan pengawasan, perbaikan perilaku kerja operator, serta peningkatan kualitas jalur hauling. Model pencegahan yang diusulkan menitikberatkan pada penguatan kepemimpinan, pengendalian risiko, dan perawatan infrastruktur hauling secara berkelanjutan untuk menurunkan angka kecelakaan kerja di sektor pertambangan.
Occupational safety in hauling roads within the coal mining industry is a critical aspect that requires serious attention, considering the high risk of work accidents during material transportation activities. This study aims to analyze the factors influencing occupational accidents and to develop a preventive model based on the Human Factor Analysis and Classification System for Mining Industry (HFACS-MI) and the Australian Transport Safety Bureau (ATSB) investigation method. A mixed-method approach was used, with quantitative data collected through a survey of 420 dump truck operators across three open-pit mining companies in Kalimantan, and qualitative data gathered from in-depth interviews, focus group discussions (FGDs), and direct field observations. Multiple linear regression analysis was employed to assess the influence of six independent variables external factors, organizational influence, unsafe leadership, risk control, environmental conditions, and individual actions on work accidents. The results indicated that all variables had a significant effect, with unsafe leadership and environmental conditions emerging as the dominant contributing factors. These findings highlight the need to strengthen supervision, improve operator behavior, and enhance the quality of hauling road infrastructure. The proposed accident prevention model emphasizes the reinforcement of leadership roles, risk control management, and continuous improvement of hauling infrastructure to reduce the incidence of occupational accidents in the mining sector.
Tuberculosis is a major public health problem in the world, including in Indonesia. Finding and curing the patients are the best way of preventing transmission of TB by implementing the DOTS strategy. Implementation of the national TB control strategy prioritized in remote, border and island especially TB patients who do not meet the target case detection and treatment success. There are two of provinces with the highest and second highest TB namely west Java province (0.7%) and Papua (0.6%). Accessibility to health services of TB patients showed inequality, which only exist in urban areas and at high economic status. The problem in this research is find the of TB patients who do not get accessibility to health services. Limited accessibility to health services of TB patients could be caused by conditions different individuals as well as differences in physical conditions (geographic). The purpose of this study is to setup a spatial model of accessibility to health services in the province of West Java and Papua.
Berbagai cara dan pendekatan penerapan sistim menejemen K3 telah dikembangkan, akan tetapi kecelakaan kerja masih terus terjadi terutama dalam dunia kerja Industri. Dalam kurun waktu 10 tahun terahir angka Kecelakaan Kerja dunia masih tidak berubah secara signifikan . Konstruksi merupakan sektor industri yang mempunyai tingkat bahaya dan risiko kecelakaan kerja yang tinggi. Data menunjukkan bahwa selama berlangsungnya kegiatan pekerjaan pada tahun 2010-2011 di PT. XM telah terjadi peningkatan kejadian Kecelakaan Kerja dari 46 kejadian (2010) menjadi 98 kejadian (2011) atau terjadi peningkatan sebesar 52 kasus (113%). Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui asosiasi faktor-faktor kecelakaan kerja proyek konstruksi pada PT. XM selama periode waktu 20102011. Metodologi penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi cross sectional dengan sumber data sekunder yang didapat dari laporan investigasi kecelakaan yang tercatat di PT. XM selama tahun 2010-2011. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan dari data sekunder yaitu seluruh sampel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan seteah mengalami proses cleaning yaitu sebanyak 98 sampel. Sampel penelitian dianalisis secara univariat (distribusi frekuensi) dan bivariat (uji chi-quare). Analisis hubungan dilakukan dengan melihat nilai p terhadap α untuk melihat tingkat kemaknaan hubungan. Dari 98 sampel yang diteliti, sebagian besar kecelakaan yang terjadi merupakan kecelakaan jenis medical treatment accident (48%), disusul kemudian oleh jenis first aid accident (46,9%), dan lost time accident (5,1%). Adapun factor penyebab yang diduga menjadi penyebab terjadinya kecelakaan dengan frekuensi terbanyak yaitu factor briefing yang tidakcukup untuk bekerja (88) dan kurang pengawasan (81). Secara signifikan diketahui tidak ada factor yang diketahui berhubungan secara signifikan dengan timbulnya kecelakaan kerja di PT. XM selama tahun 2010-2011 (p val > 0,05). Berdasarkan hasil tersebut diatas maka sebaiknya pihak manajemen terkait lebih aktif berperan khususnya dalam fungsi pengawasan, mengoptimalkan sosialisasi dan pembinaan yang terkait dengan safety di tempat kerja, dilain pihak pekerja juga diharapkan dapat turut serta dalam menciptakan suasana yang aman dan sehat di tempat kerja, disiplin dalam menggunakan APD dan meningkatkan pengetahuan penerapan safety dilokasi kerja Kata kunci: Faktor-faktor penyebab kecelakaan kerja, konstruksi.
Various ways and approaches to Ocupational Health and Safety application management system has been developed, but accidents still occur, especially in the industrial workforce. In the last 10 years the world's number of Accidents still did not change significantly. Construction of an industrial sector that has the level of danger and high risk of work accidents. The data show that during work activities in 2010-2011 at PT. XM has been an increased incidence of Occupational Accidents met 46 events (2010) to 98 events (2011) or an increase of 52 cases (113%). The research was conducted to determine the association of these factors on the construction project work accident at PT. XM during the time period 2010-2011. Methodology of This study uses cross-sectional study design with secondary data sources are obtained from accident investigation reports are recorded in the PT. XM during the years 2010-2011. The number of samples used secondary data from the entire sample that met the inclusion criteria and had established after the cleaning process as many as 98 samples. The samples were analyzed by univariate (frequency distribution) and bivariate (chi-quare test). Relationship analysis done by looking at the p value of significance level α to see the relationship. Of the 98 samples studied, the majority of the accidents was the crash accident type of medical treatment (48%), followed by first aid type of accident (46.9%), and lost time accident (5.1%). The factors causing the alleged cause of the accident with the highest frequency factor insufficient briefing for work (88) and lack of supervision (81). Significantly there are no known factors that are known to be significantly associated with incidence of occupational accidents in the PT. XM during the years 2010-2011 (val p> 0.05). Based on the above it should be related to more active management role in the oversight function in particular, to optimize socialization and training related to safety in the workplace, Supervision to practical safety on site also need to enforcing by management to ensure occupational health and safety at all of the works, on the other workers are also expected to participate in creating a safe and healthy workplace, discipline in the using PPE and enhance the application of knowledge of safety on work place Key words: The factors that cause workplace accidents, construction
Salah satu penyakit yang dijadikan sebagai patokan penggunaan obat rasional adalah ISPA (Infeksi Saluran Pernafasan Akut), jika penyakit ini tidak mendapatkan pengobatan tidak benar dan tidak tepat, kemungkinan ISPA akan berlanjut menjadi pnemoni. Banyak penelitian menyatakan bahwa antibiotik diberikan dengan tidak benar pada penderita ISPA non pnemoni. Evaluasi Bidang Pelayanan Kesehatan Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Majalengka melaporkan, tabun 2006 tingkat penggunaan antibiotik di puskesmas pada penderita ISPA non pnemoni mencapai 53,8% Desain penelitian ini cross sectional, Pengambilan data menggunakan kuesioner angket (self administration) dan dilengkapi dengan daftar monitoring peresepan diagnosis ISPA non pnemoni. Proporsi petugas kesehatan di puskesmas yang memberikan antibiotik pada penderita ISPA non pnemoni di Kabupaten Majalengka tahun 2007 sebesar 75,2%. Proporsi karakteristik individu dominan pada petugas kesehatan yagn berumur muda (8,3%), tanaga medis (77,8%), masa kerja baru (76,9%), tidak pernah mendapat pelatihan (78,4%), pengetahuan kurang (78,8%), dan mempunyai sikap negativ (96,3%). Sedangkan karakteristik organisasi lebih dominan pada petugas kesehtan yang kurang didukung Kepala Puskesmas (88,5%), tidak pernah disupervisi (80,7), tidak ada buku pedoman pengobatan dasar (80,0%), dan kecukupan obat kurang (75,4%). Variabel yang dominan/utama berhubungan denagn perilaku pemberian antibiotik pada penderita ISPA non pnemoni adalah variabel sikap. Variabel konfondingnya ada variabel suspenvisi. Dinas Kesehatan, agar meningkatkan supervisi pengobatan rasional yang diarahkan pada anjurnn penggunaan buku pedoman pengobatan dasar, perlunya pelatihan pengobatan rasional dengan peserta minimal 3 orang petugas pelayan pengobatan dari puskesmas dan petugas dari pelayanan kesebatan swasta serta lebih meningkatkan freknensi evaluasi penggunaan obai rasional di puskesmas disertai umpan balik rutin setiap tiga bulan sekali. Kepala puskesmas lebih mendukung upaya pengobatan rasional dan mengevaluasi secara rutin dan mensosialisasikan obat rasional kepada masyarekat yang berkunjung ke puskesmas. Perlunya penelitian dengan metode Dislrusi Kelompok Terarah (DKl) meliputi aspek kebijakan sistem perencanaan dan pengelolaan obat di puskesmas.
One of the discase that become a standard of rational medicine using is ISPA (Acute Respiratory Infection), if this discase do not obtain correct and exact mediacation, ISPA possibility will continue become pneumonic. Many reserches state that antibiotic gave invorrectly to ISPA non-pneumonic patient reach 53,8%. This research is using cross sectional design. Data gathering is using self-administration questioner and completed with prescription monitoring list of ISPA non-pneumonic diagnosis. Health staffs proportion in puskesmas that give antiviotic to ISPA non-pneumonic patient in Majalengka District year 2007 is 75,2%. This proportion is dominant in young health staff (8,3%), medical staff (77,8%), new work length (76,9%), never participate in training (78,4%), lack of education (78,9%) and negative attitude (96,3%). Antibiotic distribution is dominant in health staffs that less supported by puskesmas chief (88,5%), never supervised (80,7%), no standard medication guidance (80,0%) and lack of medicine availability (75,4%). Dominant variable that related with giving antiviotic behavior to ISPA non-pneumonic patient are age, attitude, availability of standard medication guidance book. support from puskesmas chief and health agency supervislon. The most dominant variable related with giving antibiotic behavior is staffs attitude (OR = 8.134). Suggested to Health Agency increasing rational medicine supervision that directed on using standard medication guidance book, require rational medicine training with minimal participants of 3 medication staffs from puskesmas and staffs from private health service also increasing frequency of rational medicine using evaluation in puskesmas along with routine feedback once evecy 3 months. Puskesmas chief is more supporting effort of rational medication and evaluating rontinely and socializing rational medication to public that visiting puskesmas. Require research with Directed Group Discussion (DKT) method including aspect of planning system policy and medicine management in puskesmas.
