Hasil Pencarian :: Kembali

  1. Beranda
  2. Hasil Pencarian
 Pencarian Spesifik
Ditemukan 31011 dokumen yang sesuai dengan query ::  Simpan CSV
cover
Retno Asti Werdhani; Pembimbing: Nurhayati Adnan, Mondastri Korib Sudaryo; Penguji: Muchtaruddin Mansyur, Ratna Djuwita, Ermita I. Ilyas
Abstrak:

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan evaluasi program latihan Klub Jantung Sehat Pondalisa sekaligus mengetahui hubungan frekuensi dan keteraturan senam terhadap penurunan tekanan darah. Dengan demikian diharapkan akan didapatkan tekanan darah yang terkendali pada anggota KJS Pondalisa khususnya dan masyarakat usia dewasa tua umumnya. Studi kohort retrospektif dilakukan dengan menggunakan data yang terdapat pada buku anggota KJS Pondalisa. Digunakan pendekatan analisis Cox Regression untuk melihat efek frekuensi dan keteraturan senam yang telah dilakukan oleh para anggota KJS Pondalisa selama 1 tahun pertama keanggotaan terhadap penurunan tekanan darah. HR (hazard ratio) digunakan sebagai estimasi RR (risiko relatif) efek frekuensi dan keteraturan senam terhadap penurunan tekanan darah. Anatisis multivariat digunakan untuk mengendalikan variabel-variabel perancu. Sebanyak 132 data anggota K7S Pondalisa dianalisis dalam penelitian ini. Dalam 1 tahun pertama keanggotaan terdapat 11,36% anggota yang melakukan senam 2x1minggu, 39,39 % anggota yang melakukan senam > 8 minggu (9-15 minggu) berturut-turut, dan 11,36% anggota yang melakukan senam 2xlminggu selama > 8 minggu (9-15 minggu) berturut-turut. Tidak ada anggota yang melakukan senam 3xlminggu sesuai program dan tidak ada anggota yang melakukan senam 2x1minggu selama < 8 minggu berturut-turut_ Keteraturan senam anggota maksimum selama 15 minggu. Didapatkan penurunan tekanan darah pada 32,58 % anggota dengan rata-rata penurunan tekanan darah sistolikldiastolik sebesar 6 mmHg/4 mmHg yang dapat dipertahankan minimal selama 1 bulan. Besarnya penurunan TD ini diharapkan dapat bermanfaat dalam menurunkan angka kesakitan dan kematian akibat hipertensi; sedikitnya dapat memperlambat perjalanan penyakit hipertensi serta bermanfaat dalam pencegahan primer. Efek frekuensi senam 2xlminggu terhadap penurunan tekanan darah meningkat sebesar 1 Va dibandingkan dengan frekuensi senam < 2xlminggu [RR 1,01;95%CI [0,43-2,38]. Efek senam teratur 9-15 minggu berturut-turut terhadap penurunan tekanan darah meningkat sebesar 36 % dibandingkan dengan senam teratur < 8 minggu berturut-turut [RR 1,36;95%CI [0,63-2,93]. Senam yang dilakukan 2xlminggu selama 9-15 minggu berturut-tunrt memberikan manfaat penurunan tekanan darah sebesar 34 % dibandingkan dengan senam

The aim of this research is to evaluate the performance of `Klub Jantung Sehat Pondalisa' as well as the association of frequency and regularity of exercise with blood pressure reduction. The long-term benefit achieved will be adequate control of blood pressure among members of the club and adults as a whole. Retrospective cohort study was conducted, using data found on the member's logbook. Cox Regression analysis approach was used to find the benefit of blood pressure reduction through exercise's frequency and regularity which have been done by all member of KJS Pondalisa during the first year of membership. HR (hazard ratio) was used to estimate the RR (relative risk) of both exercise's frequency and regularity to reduce blood pressure. Confounders were adjusted by multivariate analysis. There were 132 members analyzed in this research. In the first year of membership, there were 11.36% members doing exercise twice weekly, 39.39 % members doing exercise > 8 weeks (9-15 weeks) regularly, and 11.36% members doing exercise twice weekly in > 8 weeks (9-15 weeks) regularly. There were no member doing exercise thrice weekly as programmed. There were no member doing exercise twice weekly in < 8 weeks regularly. The maximum exercise's regularity was 15 weeks. There were 32.58 % blood pressure reduction among members. The mean systolic/diastolic reduction which can be maintained for at least I month were 6 mmHg/4 mmHg, This amount of BP reduction might reduce morbidity and mortality among hypertensives; at least might retard the natural history of hypertension and give benefit to primary prevention. The effect of twice weekly's exercise on blood pressure reduction increase 1 % as compared to less than twice weekly's exercise [RR 1,01;95%CI [0,43-2,38]. Effect of doing 9-15 weeks regular exercise on blood pressure reduction increase 36 % as compared to members doing 8 weeks regular exercise [RR 1,36;95%CI [ 0,63-2,93]. Members doing exercise twice weekly in 9-15 weeks regularly get benefit on blood pressure reduction 34 % more as compared to members doing exercise less than twice weekly in < 8 weeks regularly [RR 1,34;95% CI [0,50-3,60]. There were no difference in blood pressure reduction between members doing exercise less than twice weekly in 9-15 weeks regularly and members doing exercise less than twice weekly in < 8 weeks [RR 0,99;95% CI [ 0,42-2,32]. From this research, we conclude that there was no different effect of blood pressure reduction between twice weekly's exercise and less than twice weekly's exercise. The effect of exercise in 9-15 weeks regularly toward blood pressure reduction is bigger compared with effect of twice weekly's exercise. This fording shows the importance of maintaining exercise's regularity to get benefit of reducing blood pressure. The benefit of twice weekly's exercise for blood pressure reduction will be achieved when it is conducted in 9-15 weeks regularly. Although exercise has been conducted regularly up to 15 weeks, if done less than twice weekly, it will not yield the benefit of blood pressure reduction. There are still many factors which have not been considered such as the duration and intensity of exercise, the role of anti hypertensive drugs, and the presence of other diseases. All of those factors together with the wide range and inconsistent of confidence interval, make the results of this study fail to show the maximal effect of exercise's frequency and regularity to reduce blood pressure in population. Therefore, further research is needed using several degrees of exercise's frequency and regularity, considering also the above mentioned related factors and bigger number of sample size, to obtain the true benefit of blood pressure reduction and more accurate precision.

Read More
T-2227
Depok : FKM-UI, 2006
S2 - Tesis   Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
☉
cover
Kesmas (Jurkesmasnas), Vol.1, No.5, April 2007, hal: 209-231, ( Cat ada di bendel 2006-2007 )
[s.l.] : [s.n.] : s.a.]
Indeks Artikel Jurnal-Majalah   Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
☉
cover
Supomo; Pembimbing: Ronnie Rivany, Mardiati Nadjib
T-1546
Depok : FKM UI, 2002
S2 - Tesis   Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
☉
cover
Retno Asti Werdhani
JKMN Vol.1, No.5
Depok : FKM UI, 2007
Indeks Artikel Jurnal-Majalah   Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
☉
cover
Wiwin Winarti; Pembimbing: Helda; Penguji: Asri C. Adisasmita, Ns. Elis Puji Utami, Sujiasih
Abstrak:

Health Care-Associated Infection (HAIs) telah menjadi topik besar dari tahun ketahun. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan berat lahir dengan ketahanan bayi terhadap infeksi aliran darah (IAD). Variabel lain yang ikut dianalisis hubungannya dengan ketahanan bayi terhadap IAD adalah, jenis kelamin, usia gestasi, APGAR, kelainan kongenital, usia ibu saat melahirkan, penyakit maternal dan penggunaan alat invasif seperti kateter intravena, ETT dan NC-CPAP.

Desain penelitian adalah kohort retrospektif dengan menggunakan metode Kaplan Meier, menggunakan rekam medis pasien perinatologi Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Nasional Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo.tahun 2012. Selama periode pengamatan, dari 298 bayi yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi penelitian, diketahui ketahanan terhadap IAD pada non BBLR 72,4% dibandingkan dengan BBLR 69,3%. Insiden IAD sebesar 8,7 % (5,9/1000) dengan median waktu ketahanan terhadap infeksi adalah 10 hari. Berat lahir memiliki efek protektif terhadap IAD sebesar 0,54 (p > 0,05), sedangkan kateter sentral diketahui memiliki efek resiko yang besar terhadap kejadian IAD (HR= 6,5; 95% CI: 2,4-17,6; p< 0,001).

Health Care-Associated Infection (HAIs) has become a major topic from year to year. The objective of this study was to assess relation of birth weight to Blood Stream Infections (BSI) survival rate in neonates. Other variables were also analyzed related to survival rate were sex, gestational age, APGAR score, congenital abnormality, maternal age, maternal disease and presence of invasive devices such as intravenous catheters, ETT and NC-CPAP.

This was a retrospective cohort study with Kaplan Meier method, using patients? medical record of Unit Perinatology National General Hospital of Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo in 2012. During study period, among 298 infants who met inclusion criterias, survival rate of BSI in LBW was 72,4% compared with 69,3% in HBW. Total incidence of BSI was 8,7% (5,9 / 1000) with a median survival time was 10 days. Birth weight has a protective effect on BSI of 0,54 (p> 0,05), while central catheters are known to have highly effect on BSI (HR = 6.5, 95% CI: 2,4 to 17,6, p <0,001).

Read More
T-3817
Depok : FKM-UI, 2013
S2 - Tesis   Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
☉
cover
Muhammad Hatta; Pembimbing: Nasrin Kodim; Penguji: Krisnawati Bantas, Harmen Harun, C. Yekti Praptiningsih
Abstrak:
Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut (ISPA) terutama Pneumonia merupakan penyebab utama kesakitan dan kematian pada bayi dan anak balita di negara berkembang, sekitar 4 juta kematian disebabkan oleh penyakit ISPA terutama Pneumonia. Di kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu Sumatera Selatan penyakit Pneumonia masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat dimana pneumonia menempati urutan teratas dalam sepuluh penyebab kesakitan yang mempunyai kontribusi sebesar 53,42 %. Sementara angka cakupan imunisasi campak masih relatif rendah (70 %, tahun 1998). Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan imunisasi campak dengan kejadian pneumonia pada balita dan faktor risiko lainnya di kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu, Sumatera Selatan tahun 2000. Studi ini menggunakan desain kasus kontrol, dengan 141 sampel dimana kasus adalah balita umur 9-59 bulan, menderita pnemonia yang datang ke Puskesmas, sedangkan kontrol adalah balita umur 9-59 bulan yang datang ke Puskesmas, tetapi tidak menderita pnemonia ataupun ISPA. Data diperoleh dari basil wawancara dengan menggunakan kuesioner pada responden ibu balita dan dianalisa dengan analisis univariat, bivariat (Chi Square) dan multivariate (Logislic Regression). Hasil akhir uji multivariat menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang bermakna antara imunisasi campak dengan kejadian pnemonia pada balita umur 9-59 bulan (DR= 2,307; p~,003 ). Dapat dikatakan bahwa risiko terkena pneumonia pada balita umur 9-59 bulan yang tidak diimunisasi campak 2,3 kali lebih besar dibandingkan dengan balita umur 9-59 bulan yang telah diimunisasi campak. Disamping variabel imunisasi campak ada 5 variabel lain yang mempengaruhi kejadian pneumonia di kabupaten OKU, sebagai berikut: Pendidikan ibu (OR=2,037; p=0,013), pengetahuan ibu (OR=2,364: p=0,005), polusi asap dapur (OR=2,99; p=0,002), kepadatan rumah (OR= 3,247; p= 0,0005) dan jarak ke sarana kesehatan (OR=0,43 1; p= 0,007). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disarankan kepada pengambil keputusan guna lebih memberi perhatian kepada keluarga balita (9-59 bulan) yang belum diimunisasi campak, berpendidikan rendah, berpengetahuan rendah, keadaan rumah yang jelek (polusi asap dapur), rumah yang padat huni dan yang jauh dari pelayanan kesehatan.
The Relationship Between Measles Imunization and Pneumonia Insidens on Underfive Years Old Children in Ogan Komering Ulu (Oku) District, South Sumatera, in 2000.The Acute Respiratory Tract Infection (ARI) especially pneumonia is main cause of morbidity and mortality on infant and under five years old children in developing countries. There are 4 million death caused by ARI especially pneumonia. In Ogan Komering Ulu (OKU) district, South Sumatera province, the pneumonia still became Community Health Problem. Pneumonia was the first rank of ten cause of morbidity that contributed 53,42 %, while the measles immunization coverage still low(70 %, year 1998). This study was conducted to know the relationship between measles immunization and other risk factors with pneumonia on under five years old children in OKU district, South Sumatera province in 2000. The study design used in this study is Cases Control, with cases are 141 children age 9 - 59 month children suffered from pneumonia who attending health center. While the control was taken from age 9-59 month children without the diseases, who attending the some Health Center. The data was collected by interviewed from the children's mother using questioner. The analysis method of univariate, bivariate (Chi Square) and multivariate (logistic regression) was used in the study. The result of the study show that a statistical significance association between measles immunization with pneumonia on 9-59 month children (p= 0,003 ; 0R=2,307). It can be said that pneumonia risk on under five years old children without measles immunization arc 2,3 time larger than that of under five years old children with measles immunization. Beside measles immunization, there are 5 other variables that also associated with pneumonia risk in OKU district such as: mothers education(UR=2,307; p=0,013), mothers knowledge (OR=2,364; p=0,005), kitchens smoke pollution (OR= 2.99: p=4.002). house density(OR=3,247;p= 0,000) and the house distance to health services(CR=0,431; p=O,OO7. Based on the study result, it was suggested that the policy maker have to pay more attention to family with under five years old children who have not gotten yet the measles immunization, whose mother has low education, and low knowledge, who have bad condition and has high density of house, and whose house long far from health services.
Read More
T-1140
Depok : FKM-UI, 2001
S2 - Tesis   Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
☉
cover
Achmad Zaki; Promotor: Sudarto Rono admojo; Kopromotor: Ratna Djuwita, Nurhayati A Prihartono; Penguji: Sabarinah Prasetyo, Andri MT Lubis, Rimbawan, Agus Hadi Rahiman
Abstrak: ABSTRAK
 
 
Saat ini terdapat perbaikan Angka Harapan Hidup (AHH) penduduk Indonesia dan penambahan populasi penduduk lanjut usia. Pada tahun 2017, AHH mencapai 71,06 tahun, dan jumlah lansia 23,4 juta orang (8,97% dari seluruh penduduk Indonesia). Hal ini berisiko meningkatkan kejadian penyakit degeneratif. Osteoartritis (OA) adalah penyakit yang sering dikaitkan dengan kondisi degeneratif dan mengakibatkan ketidakaktifan fisik. Pada Riskesdas 2013, penyakit Artritis berada di urutan kedua penyakit terbanyak diderita lansia dengan prevalensi 45% (55-64 tahun), 51,9% (65-74 tahun) dan 54,8% (usia >75 tahun). Pengobatan simtomatik dengan OAINS yang berkepanjangan dapat mengakibatkan efek samping yang fatal. Terdapat berbagai faktor risiko berkembangnya OA lutut, di antaranya konsentrasi serum Vitamin D (25(OH)D. Proporsi perempuan lansia dengan defisiensi 25(OH)D pada penelitian di Jakarta dan Bekasi mencapai 35,1%. Terdapat hubungan antara kadar Vitamin D (25(OH)D) yang rendah dengan nyeri lutut dan perubahan kartilago sendi lutut pada OA. Serum Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein (COMP) merupakan produk degradasi penting dari kartilago sendi dan dapat menjadi marker diagnosis untuk OA lutut. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh pemberian suplemen Vitamin D (Alphacalcidol) selama 12 minggu terhadap derajat nyeri berdasarkan indikator WOMAC, dan kondisi obyektif kartilago sendi dengan perubahan marker serum COMP pada penderita OA lutut lansia. Disain penelitian uji klinis teracak, tersamar ganda, dan terkontrol plasebo. Subyek dengan OA lutut simtomatis direkruit secara consecutive sampling dan dilakukan anamnesis, diperiksa kondisi fisik, radiologi lutut, kadar serum Vitamin D (25(OH)D), serum Calcium dan marker COMP. Subyek dialokasikan secara acak (random allocation) pada kelompok perlakuan yang diberikan suplemen Vitamin D (Alphacalcidol) atau kelompok kontrol yang diberikan plasebo. Populasi sumber xviii Universitas Indonesia pada penelitian ini ialah pasien OA lutut lanjut usia yang berobat ke KPKM FKIK UIN Jakarta. Dari hasil pemeriksaan konsentrasi serum Vitamin D 25(OH)D sebelum dilakukan intervensi, 53,4% responden mengalami insufisiensi dan 12,3% responden mengalami defisiensi Vitamin D. Pemberian suplemen Vitamin D (Alphacalcidol) selama 12 minggu, mempengaruhi penurunan derajat nyeri berdasarkan indikator WOMAC pada penderita OA lutut lansia yang bermakna secara statistik dengan perbedaan perubahan skor pra dan pascaintervensi pada kelompok intervensi dibanding kontrol sebesar 2,174 (p=0,00). Pemberian suplemen Vitamin D (Alphacalcidol) selama 12 minggu, mempengaruhi penurunan konsentrasi serum COMP pada penderita OA lutut lansia, dengan perbedaan perubahan skor pra dan pascaintervensi pada kelompok intervensi dibandingkan kelompok kontrol sebesar 38,15 ng/ml namun tidak bermakna secara statistik (p=0,39)
 
ABSTRACT
 
 
At present there are improvements in the Life Expectancy (AHH) of the Indonesian population and the addition of the elderly population. In 2017, AHH reached 71.06 yo and the number of elderly people reached 23.4 million people (8.97% of the total population of Indonesia). This has the potential to increase degenerative diseases. Osteoarthritis (OA) is a disease that is often associated with degenerative conditions and physical inactivity. Riskesdas in 2013 stated that Arthritis was the second most common disease suffered by the elderly with a prevalence of 45% (55-64 yo), 51.9% (65-74 yo) and 54.8% (>75 yo). Symptomatic treatment with prolonged NSAIDs can cause fatal side effects. There are various risk factors for developing knee OA, including serum Vitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations. The proportion of elderly women with 25(OH)D deficiency in studies in Jakarta and Bekasi reaches 35.1%. It has been found an association between low Vitamin D levels (25(OH)D) with knee pain in OA and changes in the knee joint cartilage. Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein (COMP) is an important degradation product of joint cartilage and can be act as a diagnostic marker of knee OA. This study aims to determine the effect of Vitamin D supplementation (Alphacalcidol) for 12 weeks on the degree of pain based on WOMAC indicators, and the objective conditions of joint cartilage with changes in COMP serum markers in patients with knee OA in the elderly. The research design is a randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled clinical trials. Subjects with symptomatic knee OA will be recruited by consecutive sampling and continued with history taking, physical conditions examinatons, knee radiology, and blood test for serum vitamin D (25(OH)D), serum calcium and marker COMP. Subjects were then randomly allocated to the treatment group given Vitamin D supplements (Alphacalcidol) or the control group given a placebo. The source population in this study was elderly with knee OA patients xx Universitas Indonesia who went to Primary Health Care Clinic (KPKM) of FKIK UIN Jakarta. We found that before intervention was done, 53.4% of respondents had Vitamin D insufficiency and 12.3% of respondents had Vitamin D deficiency. The administration of Vitamin D supplements (Alphacalcidol) for 12 weeks, influenced the decrease in the degree of pain based on the WOMAC indicator in knee OA of elderly patients significantly, with differences in changes in pre and post intervention scores of 2.174 compare with control (p=0.00). The administration of Vitamin D supplements (Alphacalcidol) for 12 weeks, affected the decrease in the serum concentration of COMP in knee OA of elderly patients, with differences in changes in pre and post intervention scores in the intervention group compared to the control group of 38.15 ng/ml but not statistically significant (p=0.39).
Read More
D-401
Depok : FKM-UI, 2019
S3 - Disertasi   Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
☉
cover
Rahma Dewi Handari; Pembimbing: Sudarto Ronoatmodjo; Penguji: Tri Yunis Miko Wahyono, Soewarta Kosen
Abstrak:
Tuberkulosis resistan obat (TB RO) menjadi tantangan utama kesehatan global, dengan Indonesia sebagai salah satu dari 7 negara dengan beban kasus TB RO tertinggi dengan insiden rate 10 per 100.000 orang-tahun. Keberhasilan pengobatan TB RO secara nasional rendah sebesar 51% dengan angka kematian pasien TB RO cukup tinggi sebesar 20%. Infeksi HIV pada pasien TB RO memperburuk kondisi klinis, meningkatkan risiko kegagalan pengobatan dan kematian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui mortality rate dan perbedaan probabilitas survival antara pasien TB RO dengan komorbid HIV dan tanpa komorbid HIV, dan mengetahui hubungan komorbid HIV dengan kematian pasien TB RO dewasa di Indonesia tahun 2021-2022. Penelitian dilakukan dengan desain studi kohort restrospektif menggunakan data sekunder SITB Nasional Kemenkes tahun 2021-2022. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan survival Kaplan Meier dan cox regression dengan ukuran asosiasi Hazard Ratio (HR). Terdapat 7172 pasien TB RO eligible yang dijadikan sampel penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan mortality rate pasien TB RO dewasa yang memiliki komorbid HIV (14,191 per 10.000 orang-hari) lebih tinggi dibandingkan pasien TB RO dewasa yang tidak memiliki komorbid HIV (4,776 per 10.000 orang-hari). Probabilitas kumulatif survival pasien TB RO dewasa yang memiliki komorbid HIV (41,89%) secara signifikan lebih rendah dibandingkan probabilitas kumulatif survival pasien TB RO dewasa yang tidak memiliki komorbid HIV (78,32%). Pasien TB RO dewasa dengan komorbid HIV yang menggunakan paduan pengobatan TB jangka panjang memiliki risiko kematian 6,66 kali lebih tinggi dibandingkan pasien TB RO dewasa tanpa komorbid HIV yang menggunakan paduan pengobatan TB jangka pendek (HR adjust:6,66, 95%CI:4,96-8,96). Pasien TB RO dewasa dengan komorbid HIV yang menggunakan paduan pengobatan TB jangka pendek memiliki risiko kematian 6,02 kali lebih tinggi dibandingkan pasien TB RO dewasa tanpa komorbid HIV yang menggunakan paduan pengobatan TB jangka pendek (HRadjust:6,02, 95%CI:3,89-9,31). Komorbid HIV secara signifikan meningkatkan risiko kematian pasien TB RO selama pengobatan. Tatalaksana pengobatan TB RO dan infeksi HIV yang tepat diperlukan untuk menurunkan risiko kematian pasien TB RO selama pengobatan.
Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR TB) is a major global health challenge, Indonesia is one of 7 countries with the highest burden of DR TB cases with an incidence rate of 10 per 100.000 persons per year. The success of DR TB treatment nationally is low at 51% with the proportion of mortality high at 20%. HIV infection in DR TB patients worsens the condition, increasing the risk of treatment failure and death. The purpose of this study is to determine the mortality rate and the difference in survival probability between comorbid HIV patients and noncomorbid HIV patients and to determine the relationship between comorbid HIV and death in adult DR TB patients in Indonesia in 2021-2022. The design of this study was a retrospective cohort study using secondary data on SITB national DR TB cases that started treatment in 2021-2022. Data analysis was performed using survival Kaplan Meier and Cox regression to obtain hazard ratio (HR). There were 7172 patients as eligible patients who became the research sample. The results showed that the mortality rate for adult DR TB patients who had comorbid HIV (14,191 per 10,000 person days) was higher than adult DR TB patients without comorbid HIV (4,776 per 10,000 person days). The cumulative probability of survival of adult DR TB patients with comorbid HIV (41.89%) is significantly lower than the cumulative probability of survival of adult RO TB patients without comorbid HIV infection (78.32%). Adult DR TB patients with comorbid HIV who used long-term TB regimens have a 6,66 times higher risk of death than adult DR TB patients without comorbid HIV who used short-term TB regimens (adjusted HR: 6,66 95%CI: 4,96-8,96). Adult DR TB patients with comorbid HIV who used a short-term TB regimen have a 6.02 times higher risk of death than adult DR TB patients without comorbid HIV who used a short-term TB regimen (adjusted HR: 6.02, 95%CI:3.89-9.31).Comorbid HIV significantly increased the the risk of death during treatment. Appropriate DR TB and HIV treatment management is needed to reduce the risk of DR TB patient death during treatment.
Read More
T-6937
Depok : FKM UI, 2024
S2 - Tesis   Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
☉
cover
Yuliarna Sari Dewi; Pembimbing: Asri C. Adisasmita, Syahrizal Syarif; Penguji: Soroy Lardo
T-5140
Depok : FKM-UI, 2018
S2 - Tesis   Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
☉
cover
Suhardiman; Pembimbing: Ririn Arminsih Wulandari; Penguji: Laila Fitria, Bambang Wispriyono, A.Y.G. Wibisono, Heri Iskandar
Abstrak:

Cakupan pelayanan air minum di Indonesia masih rendah, hanya 40% masyarakat di perkotaan dan kurang dari 30% masyarakat pedesaan yang tersambung dengan jaringan air minum PDAM. Data kualitas air bcrsih di Kota Tangerang dari tahun 2004-2006 menunjukkan penurunan kuaiitas kimia rnaupun bakteriologis. Air dapat berperan sebagai transmisi penularan suatu penyakit seperti diare, melalui kumau-kurnan yang ditularkan lewat jalur air (waier borne disease) atau jalur peralatan yang dicuci dengan air (water washed disease). Di Kota Tangerang tahun 2005 diarc mencrnpati urutan ketiga untuk golongan urnur 1-4 tahun. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi diare adalah lingkungan, status gizi, kependudukan, pendidikan, keadaan sosial ekonomi dan perilaku masyarakat. Tujuan penclitian ini untuk rnelihat apakah kejadian diare pada balita disebabkan oleh karena kualitas air minum yang secara bakteriologis tidak memenuhi syarat dcngan mnnggunakan desain penelitian kasus kontrol. Unit analisis penelitian ini adalah balita usia 9-59 bulan dengan total hesar sampel untuk kasus dan kontrol adalah 250. Teknik pengambilan sampel secara quota, dimana dari 25 Puskesmas yang ada setiap Puskesmas hanya diarnbil 5 kasus dan 5 kontrol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada hubungan antara E. coli dalam air minum dengan kejadian diarc pada balita. Variabel kondisi jamban keluarga sebagai confounding. Keberadaan E. coli dalam air minum berhubungan secara signiiikan dengan kejadian diare pada balita setelah dikontrol oleh variabel kondisi jamban keluaxga. Disarankan perlu diadakan penyuluhan kepada masyarakat tentang cara penoegahan diare yaitu dengan melakukan pemeliharaan sumber air bersih, jamban keluarga dan hygiene perorangan khususnya cuci tangan serta selalu mcmasak air bersih sampai mendidih sebelum dikonsumsi sebagai air minum dan mcncuci Serta merebus botol dan tempat makan/minum balita.

Drinking water coverage in Indonesia is quite low, only 40% urban resident and less than 30% village resident that connected with drinking water system. Clean water quality data at Tangerang City from 2004 - 2006 shows chemical and bactcriology quality reduction. Water could'act as infection transmission of certain disease such as diarrhea through germs from water trail (water borne disease) or equipment trail washed with water (water washed disease). At Tangerang City year 2007 diarrhea located on third place for 1 - 4 years old group age. Factors affecting diarrhea are environment, nutrition status, residence, education, social economy condition and public behavior. This research aim to observe diarrhea cases in toddlers caused by drinking water quality as bacteriology is not fulfilling prereqnirement. This research is using case control research design. Research analysis unit is toddlers? age of 9 - 59 months with total sample for case and control as much as 250. Sample gathering technique performed as quota, where fiom 25 Puskesmas in every Puskesmas only took 5 cases and 5 controls. Research result shows that there is relation between E. coli in drinking water and diarrhea on toddlers. Variable of family toilet condition is confounding. E coli in drinking water as significantly related with diarrhea on toddlers after controlled by variable of family toilet condition. Suggested need counseling to public toward diarrhea prevention, maintain hygiene water source and family toilet and individual hygiene especially rinse. Also suggested to boil hygiene water until boiled before consumed as drinking water, washing and boiling bottle and toddlers lunch I box/drinking bottle.

Read More
T-2527
Depok : FKM UI, 2007
S2 - Tesis   Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
☉
:: Pengguna : Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
Library Automation and Digital Archive