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Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif (analitik observasional) untuk melihat alur pelayanan resep obat dan mengidentifikasi pemborosan pelayanan resep obat. Dan didukung oleh penelitian kuantitatif (analisis deskriptif) untuk memperoleh data perhitungan waktu setiap tahapan proses pelayanan resep obat.
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui rata-rata waktu tunggu pelayanan resep obat non racikan selama 89.6 menit (88.17% kegiatan menunggu) dan 124.70 menit (82.10% kegiatan menunggu) pada pelayanan resep obat racikan.
Hasil penelitian mengidentifikasi bahwa terdapat 8 jenis pemborosan (DOWNTIME) pada pelayanan resep obat. Usulan perbaikan dengan metode lean diharapkan dapat menurunkan waktu tunggu menjadi 66.67% pada pelayanan resep obat non racikan dan 56.67% pada pelayanan resep obat racikan.
Kata kunci : farmasi; metode lean; pemborosan; waktu tunggu
Long waiting times on prescription services will reduce patient satisfaction and lead to inefficient services. Lean is one of the methodologies that can be used to deal with inefficiencies in health services. This study aims to analyze the application of lean method in reducing waiting time of outpatient prescription services at Pasar Minggu public hospital in 2017.
This study used qualitative research methods (observational analytics) to examine the flow and identify waste of prescription drug services. And also supported by quantitative research (descriptive analysis) to get the exact calculation of every step of prescription drug services.
Based on the result of the research, it is known that the average waiting time of medicine prescription services is 89.6 minutes (88.17% waiting activity) and 124.70 minutes (82.10% waiting activity) of personalized medicine prescription services.
The study identified that there were 8 types of waste (DOWNTIME) in prescription services. The future improvement by lean method is expected to reduce waiting time to 66.67% on medicine prescription services and 56.67% on personalized medicine prescription services.
Keywords : pharmacy; lean methode; waste; waiting times
Hasil penelitian pada Curent State Map menunjukkan 90% waktu pelayanan rawat jalan poliklinik paru merupakan kegiatan yang tidak bernilai tambah (waste) dan hanya 10 % yang merupakan kegiatan bernilai tambah (value added). Usulan perbaikan dengan metode lean dituangkan dalam Future State Map dan diproyeksi dapat menurunkan kegiatan non value added menjadi 69,2% dan meningkatkan kegiatan value added menjadi 30,7%. Menurunkan waktu tunggu dari awalnya 279 menit menjadi 72 menit
Kata Kunci: Lean Hospital; Lean Thinking; Poliklinik Paru; Rawat Jalan; Waktu Tunggu.
Long waiting time on outpatient services will reduce customer satisfaction. From the employee side, not knowing the actual workload causes the employees to easily complain and ask to be held additional employees who may actually be unnecessary. In this study, the researcher observed the outpatient service process flow process and the time used by the patient to perform the treatment process at the Lung Polyclinic of RSUD Pasar Minggu and analyzed the work load and the calculation of the HR requirement of lung specialist doctor. From the results of observations conducted waste analysis and mapping Outstanding Output Value Stream Map.
The results of the research on the Curent State Map shows 90% of the outpatient service time of pulmonary polyclinic is an activity that is not value added (waste) and only 8% is a value added activity. Proposed improvement by lean method, set forth in the Future State Map is projected to reduce non value added activities to 69.2% and increase value added activities to 30.7% and reduce waiting time from 279 minutes to 72 minutes.
Key words: Ambulatory service; Lean Thinking, Lean Hospital; Waiting Time
Mutu pelayanan kesehatan sangat dipengaruhi oleh waktu tunggu pasien, yang merupakan indikator penting dari kepuasan pasien. Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan No. 129 menetapkan waktu tunggu maksimal 60 menit untuk pelayanan rawat jalan. RSUD Pasar Minggu telah menerapkan reservasi online untuk mengurangi waktu tunggu, namun waktu tunggu di klinik rehabilitasi medik masih tinggi. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Lean untuk mengidentifikasi dan mengurangi pemborosan dalam proses pelayanan. Metodologi : Penelitian ini menggunakan desain action-research dengan pendekatan kualitatif, 24 pasien BPJS klinik rehabilitasi medik yang mendaftar melalui online akan dijadikan sampel sebagai data observasi waktu tunggu dengan metode time-motion Hasil : Hasil penelitian dengan pendekatan Lean berhasil mengidentifikasi waste waiting pada tahap pelayanan dokter sebagai waste tertinggi, akar masalah yang ditemukan pada waktu tunggu pelayanan dokter yang lama teridentifikasi metode fishbone analysis mencakup kurangnya SDM, tata letak ruangan, serta belum adanya SPO pada pelayanan pasien pendaftaran online. Intervensi dilakukan mengikuti prinsip Lean yaitu standardized work dan visual management. Berdasarkan perhitungan future state map secara simulatif dapat menurunkan lead time dari 2 jam 28 menit menjadi 1 jam 46 menit dengan penurunan persentase aktivitas non value added (¯28%). Ksesimpulan : kombinasi penerapan prinsip Lean yang dibutuhkan mencakup prinsip heijunka, standardized work, visual management, dan 5S dapat waste (NVA) dari 2 jam menjadi 1 jam 16 menit (¯63%).
The quality of healthcare services is significantly influenced by patient waiting times, which are a crucial indicator of patient satisfaction. The Ministry of Health Regulation No. 129 sets a maximum waiting time of 60 minutes for outpatient services. RSUD Pasar Minggu has implemented online reservations to reduce waiting times; however, waiting times at the medical rehabilitation clinic remain high. Therefore, this study uses a Lean approach to identify and reduce inefficiencies in the service process. Methodology : This study uses an action-research design qualitative approaches, employing probability sampling to select a sample of 24 BPJS patients who registered online at the medical rehabilitation clinic. Results : The Lean approach identified "waiting" waste at the doctor service stage as the highest waste. The root cause analysis using the fishbone method identified long doctor service waiting times caused by the shortage of human resources, inefficient room layout, and the absence of Standard Operating Procedures (SPO) for online registration patients. Interventions were implemented following Lean principles, including standardized work and visual management. A future state map simulation showed that lead time could be reduced from 2 hours 28 minutes to 1 hour 46 minutes, with a 28% reduction in non-value-added activities. Conclusion : The combination of Lean principles needed includes heijunka, standardized work, visual management, and 5S. These principles successfully reduced non-value-added activities from 2 hours to 1 hour 16 minutes, a 63% decrease.
Kata kunci: Waktu tunggu, pelayanan resep, farmasi rumah sakit
This study analyzes the waiting time of prescription services in Installation of Pharmacy Awal Bros Hospital, Bekasi. It is a qualitative and quantitative research, with sampel of 172 prescriptions, both concoction and non concontion drugs. This study found that the average waiting time of conconction drugs is 41 minutes, while the non concoction drugs is 22 minutes. The factors affecting those waitng time is insufficient of human resources, lack of drugs provision, inadequate correction of IT system lack of work experience, improper working space for doing concoction drugs.
Keyword : waiting time, prescription service, hospital pharmacy
Analysis of Outpatient Installation Pharmacy Waiting Time at Special Hospital of Drug Addiction Jakarta in 2023 Abstract Prescription services waiting time in outpatient installations is one of the indicators for evaluating the performance of pharmaceutical installations that affects the quality of hospital services. Hospitals need to effort that prescription services waiting time meet the Minimum Service Standards (SPM). Through the Lean method with the Value Stream Mapping approach, this study aims to determine the prescription service procedures at the outpatient installation of RSKO Jakarta, identify value added and non-value added and waste that occurs so that factors that cause waste can be analyzed which can be prevented through the strategy recommendations obtained. This is a qualitative research with data collection obtained through observing and recording the e-prescriptions services waiting time at the RSKO outpatient installation, extracting in-depth information from informants and reviewing documents. Observations were made on 20 concoction medicine recipes and 10 concoction medicine recipes. The selection of informants was carried out using a purposive sampling technique and interviews were conducted with patients to obtain value from the customer's perspective according to the principles of the Lean method. The data obtained is then analyzed to obtain the factors affecting the prescription services waiting time duration using a fishbone diagram then a scoring system is carried out by assessing the urgency, severity and growth aspects of the cause problem so that priority recommendations can be formulated. The results of research conducted in April-May 2023 found that the average waiting time for prescription drug services was 49.25 minutes (VAR 17.5%) and for concoction drugs 80.2 minutes (VAR 33%), which means that it still exceeds the SPM set by KMK No. 128 of 2009 (no concoction drug recipe < 30 minutes, concoction drug recipe < 60 minutes). Some of the factors that cause waste are inefficiency in human resources, pharmaceutical inventory systems that have not been automated, inadequate evaluation/monitoring of drug use, the absence of a separate system for emergency prescription services, prescription service SPO that has not been adjusted with the establishment of prescription response time quality standardsfor each process, networks information system that frequently down/loads repeatedly and patient’s interruption for asking information. It is hoped that in the future an improvement strategy can be carried out to improve the waiting time for prescription services; increasing HR efficiency through arrangements so that during peak hours pharmaceutical HR focuses on working on the duties and functions of prescription services, facilitating a pharmaceutical inventory system with an automated system, implementing an evaluation system for monitoring drug use more effectively so that procurement planning becomes more accurate, regulation separates prescription services from the emergency room, providing SPO in accordance with prescription service implementation, separate the information system network between patient services and office and providing reachable information for pastient (visual management).
