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Yovila Putri Salsabila; Pembimbing: Asih Setiarini; Penguji: Ratu Ayu Dewi Sartika, Isnindyarti
Abstrak:
Obesitas dan Diabetes Melitus merupakan dua komponen yang tidak dapat dipisahkan. Diabetisi yang obesitas cenderung memiliki kontrol glikemik, gula darah, dan tekanan dari yang lebih buruk. Obesitas pada diabetisi berisiko untuk mengalami komplikasi lebih lanjut dari penyakit serta penyakit kardiovaskular lain. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan kejadian obesitas berdasarkan faktor gaya hidup, asupan dan konsumsi, kepatuhan diet, pengetahuan, lama menderita diabetes melitus, serta karakteristik individu pada diabetisi di Puskesmas Kecamatan Pasar Minggu, Jakarta Selatan. Desain studi yang digunakan adalah cross-sectional menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel 119 orang. Pengukuran asupan dilakukan menggunakan SFFQ, aktivitas fisik menggunakan GPAQ, dan variabel lain menggunakan kuesioner. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 58% diabetisi mengalami obesitas (IMT ≥25 kg/m2 ). Hasil yang bermakna (pvalue < 0,05) ditemukan pada aktivitas fisik, asupan energi, asupan karbohidrat, kepatuhan diet, dan lama menderita diabetes melitus. Edukasi oleh pihak puskesmas penting dilakukan untuk mengurasi obesitas serta mencegah komplikasi mikrovaskular dan makrovaskular dari diabetes melitus.
Kata kunci: Diabetes Melitus, Obesitas, Penyakit Komplikasi
Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus are two components that related each other. Diabetic patients are more risk to have poor glycemic control, high blood glucose, and high blood pressure. Obesity among adult with type 2 diabetes heightens the risk of other comorbid diseases and cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to determine the differences of Obesity based on life style, intake and consumption, adherence to diet, health and nutrition knowledges, duration of diabetes mellitus, and individual characteristics in diabetic in District Health Clinics Pasar Minggu South Jakarta. This study was conducted by using a cross-sectional design study and purposive sampling technique, were collected from 119 subjects. Food intake was assessed with Semi Food Frequency Questionnaire, Physical Activity with Global Physical Activity Questionnaire, and other variabel with questionnaire. The result showed proportion of obesity among adult with type 2 diabetes was 58% (BMI ≥25 kg/m2 ). This research also showed that physical activity, energy intake, carbohydrate intake, adherence to diet, and duration of diabetes mellitus were significantly associated with obesity in diabetics (pvalue < 0,05). Health education is important for diabetic patients to reduce obesity and prevent microvascular and macrovascular complications of diabetes melitus.
Key words: Complications Disease, Diabetes Melitus, Obesity
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Kata kunci: Diabetes Melitus, Obesitas, Penyakit Komplikasi
Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus are two components that related each other. Diabetic patients are more risk to have poor glycemic control, high blood glucose, and high blood pressure. Obesity among adult with type 2 diabetes heightens the risk of other comorbid diseases and cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to determine the differences of Obesity based on life style, intake and consumption, adherence to diet, health and nutrition knowledges, duration of diabetes mellitus, and individual characteristics in diabetic in District Health Clinics Pasar Minggu South Jakarta. This study was conducted by using a cross-sectional design study and purposive sampling technique, were collected from 119 subjects. Food intake was assessed with Semi Food Frequency Questionnaire, Physical Activity with Global Physical Activity Questionnaire, and other variabel with questionnaire. The result showed proportion of obesity among adult with type 2 diabetes was 58% (BMI ≥25 kg/m2 ). This research also showed that physical activity, energy intake, carbohydrate intake, adherence to diet, and duration of diabetes mellitus were significantly associated with obesity in diabetics (pvalue < 0,05). Health education is important for diabetic patients to reduce obesity and prevent microvascular and macrovascular complications of diabetes melitus.
Key words: Complications Disease, Diabetes Melitus, Obesity
S-9666
Depok : FKM UI, 2018
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Asti Shafira; Pembimbing: Diah Mulyawati Utari; Penguji: Engkus Kusdinar Achmad, Djohan Musali
Abstrak:
Hiperkolesterolemia merupakan salah satu prediktor kuat berbagai penyait jantung yang merupakan penyebab utama kematian di dunia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ada perbedaan berbagai faktor yang berkaitan dengan kejadian hiperkolesterolemia pada penderita diabetes melitus di Puskesmas Pasar Minggu pada tahun 2018. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode cross-sectional dengan jumlah sampel sebesar 126 responden menggunakan consecutive sampling. Variabel penelitian yang diteliti adalah kejadian hiperkolesterolemia, jenis kelamin, lama menderita diabetes melitus, riwayat DM keluarga, kebiasaan merokok, aktivitas fisik, tingkat stress, persen lemak tubuh dan asupan lemak. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi kejadian hiperkolesterolemia pada penderita DM adalah 56,3% dengan 37,1% pada pria dan 63,7% pada wanita. Dari seluruh variabel independent yang diteliti, perbedaan yang bermakna dengan hasil uji chi square terdapat pada variabel jenis kelamin (OR = 2,947; CI = 1,326-6,672), riwayat keluarga (OR = 0,443; CI = 0,209-0,895) dan kebiasaan merokok (OR = 1,233; CI = 0,990-11,898). Sementara itu, tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna kejadian hiperkolesterolemia berdasarkan lama menderita DM, aktivitas fisik, tingkat stress, antropometri dan asupan lemak karena p > 0,05. Untuk menyimpukan, terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada jenis kelamin, riwayat DM keluarga dan kebiasaan merokok dengan kejadian hiperkolesterolemia, dengan peningkatan risiko hiperkolesterolemia sejalan dengan jenis kelamin perempuan, adanya riwayat DM keluarga dan kebiasaan aktif merokok.
Kata kunci: Diabetes mellitus, hiperkolesterolemia, antropometri
Hypercholesterolemia is the leading predictor of various cardiac disease (CVD) which is the leading cause of death in the world. This study aims to determine whether there are any differences the incidence of hypercholesterolemia based on factors related to it in people with diabetes mellitus at Pasar Minggu Primary Health Care in 2018. This study used a cross-sectional method with a sample size of 126 respondents using consecutive sampling. Research variables studied were incidence of hypercholesterolemia, sex, duration of diabetes mellitus, family history of diabetes mellitus, smoking habit, physical activity, stress level, body fat percentage and fat intake. The results of this study showed that the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia incidence in DM patients was 56.3% with 37.1% in men and 63.7% in women. Of all independent variables studied, significant differences with statistical analysis were in sex (OR = 2.947, p = 0.009), family history (OR = 0.443, p = 0.018) and smoking habits (OR = 1,233; p = 0.038). Meanwhile, there was no significant the incidence of hypercholesterolemia differences based on duration of diabetes mellitus, physical activity, stress level, anthropometry and fat intake due to p > 0.05. To conclude, there were significant differences in sex, family history of diabetes mellitus and smoking habits with hypercholesterolaemia incidence, with an increased risk of hypercholesterolemia in line with female sex, family history of DM and active smoking habits.
Key words: Diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, anthropometry
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Kata kunci: Diabetes mellitus, hiperkolesterolemia, antropometri
Hypercholesterolemia is the leading predictor of various cardiac disease (CVD) which is the leading cause of death in the world. This study aims to determine whether there are any differences the incidence of hypercholesterolemia based on factors related to it in people with diabetes mellitus at Pasar Minggu Primary Health Care in 2018. This study used a cross-sectional method with a sample size of 126 respondents using consecutive sampling. Research variables studied were incidence of hypercholesterolemia, sex, duration of diabetes mellitus, family history of diabetes mellitus, smoking habit, physical activity, stress level, body fat percentage and fat intake. The results of this study showed that the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia incidence in DM patients was 56.3% with 37.1% in men and 63.7% in women. Of all independent variables studied, significant differences with statistical analysis were in sex (OR = 2.947, p = 0.009), family history (OR = 0.443, p = 0.018) and smoking habits (OR = 1,233; p = 0.038). Meanwhile, there was no significant the incidence of hypercholesterolemia differences based on duration of diabetes mellitus, physical activity, stress level, anthropometry and fat intake due to p > 0.05. To conclude, there were significant differences in sex, family history of diabetes mellitus and smoking habits with hypercholesterolaemia incidence, with an increased risk of hypercholesterolemia in line with female sex, family history of DM and active smoking habits.
Key words: Diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, anthropometry
S-9821
Depok : FKM UI, 2018
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Ledya Octaviani; Pembimbing: Asih Setiarini; Penguji: Siti Arifah Pudjonarti, Isnindyarti
Abstrak:
Diabetes melitus merupakan penyakit gangguan metabolik yang ditandai dengan tingginya kadar glukosa darah akibat kelainan pada sekresi insulin, aksi insulin, atau keduanya. Tingginya kadar glukosa darah pada penderita diabetes berhubungan dengan kerusakan jangka panjang, disfungsi, dan kegagalan pada beberapa organ tubuh terutama mata, ginjal, jantung, saraf, dan pembuluh darah. Kadar glukosa darah pada penderita diabetes dapat dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor seperti asupan, aktivitas fisik, dan lainlain. Skripsi ini bertujuan untuk melihat perbedaan proporsi kadar glukosa darah pada penderita diabetes berdasarkan aktivitas fisik dan faktor lainnya. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada penderita diabetes di Puskesmas Kecamatan Pasar Minggu pada bulan April 2018. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional dengan jumlah sampel 110 orang. Kadar glukosa darah diketahui melalui catatan medik responden, aktivitas fisik dan asupan diketahui melalui kuesioner aktivitas fisik (GPAQ) dan Semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SFFQ). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 57,3% penderita diabetes memiliki kadar glukosa darah terkontrol. Uji chi-square menyatakan bahwa variabel aktivitas fisik, kepatuhan minum obat, asupan serat, durasi penyakit, dan stres memiliki perbedaan bermakna dengan kadar glukosa darah. Untuk meningkatkan angka kadar glukosa darah terkontrol pada penderita diabetes, disarankan untuk diberikan edukasi mengenai aktivitas fisik, kepatuhan minum obat, asupan serat, dan manajemen terhadap stres apabila diperlukan kepada penderita diabetes.
Kata kunci: Diabetes melitus, kadar glukosa darah, aktivitas fisik, asupan serat
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to abnormalities in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. High blood levels in diabetics are associated with long-term damage, dysfunction, and failure of some organs, especially the eyes, kidneys, heart, nerves, and blood vessels. Blood glucose levels of diabetics can be influenced by various factors such as intake, physical activity, and others. This study aims to see the differences proportion of blood glucose levels in diabetics based on physical activity and other factors. The study was conducted on diabetics at Puskesmas Kecamatan Pasar Minggu on April 2018. The design of this study is cross-sectional with a total sample of 110 people. Blood glucose levels are known through the medical records of respondents, physical activity and intake are known through physical activity questionnaires (GPAQ) and Semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SFFQ). The results showed that 57.3% of diabetics had controlled blood glucose levels. Chisquare test showed that physical activity, medication adherence, fiber intake, duration of disease, and stress have significant differences with blood glucose levels. To increase the rate of controlled blood glucose in diabetics, it is recommended to be educated about physical activity, fiber intake, and management of stress (if necessary) in diabetics.
Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, blood glucose level, physical activity, fiber intake
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Kata kunci: Diabetes melitus, kadar glukosa darah, aktivitas fisik, asupan serat
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to abnormalities in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. High blood levels in diabetics are associated with long-term damage, dysfunction, and failure of some organs, especially the eyes, kidneys, heart, nerves, and blood vessels. Blood glucose levels of diabetics can be influenced by various factors such as intake, physical activity, and others. This study aims to see the differences proportion of blood glucose levels in diabetics based on physical activity and other factors. The study was conducted on diabetics at Puskesmas Kecamatan Pasar Minggu on April 2018. The design of this study is cross-sectional with a total sample of 110 people. Blood glucose levels are known through the medical records of respondents, physical activity and intake are known through physical activity questionnaires (GPAQ) and Semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SFFQ). The results showed that 57.3% of diabetics had controlled blood glucose levels. Chisquare test showed that physical activity, medication adherence, fiber intake, duration of disease, and stress have significant differences with blood glucose levels. To increase the rate of controlled blood glucose in diabetics, it is recommended to be educated about physical activity, fiber intake, and management of stress (if necessary) in diabetics.
Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, blood glucose level, physical activity, fiber intake
S-9667
Depok : FKM UI, 2018
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Ariel Javelin; Pembimbing: Ratu Ayu Dewi Sartika; Penguji: Fatmah, Ekowati Rahajeng
S-9590
Depok : FKM UI, 2017
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Rahmi Nuraini; Pembimbing: Ratu Ayu Dewi Sartika; Penguji: Siti Arifah Pudjonarti, Agus Triwanarto
Abstrak:
Diabetes mellitus, penyakit degeneratif yang terjadi akibat resistensi insulin pada seltubuh, menyebabkan beberapa penyakit komordibitas dan sindrom metabolik sepertiobesitas sentral. Obesitas sentral pada diabetisi dapat dipengaruhi oleh berbagaifaktor seperti asupan, gaya hidup dan lain-lain. Skripsi ini bertujuan untuk melihatperbedaan obesitas sentral berdasarkan asupan energi dan faktor lainnya padadiabetisi. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada diabetisi di Puskesmas Jatinegara pada bulanApril 2017. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan metode Cross-sectional denganjumlah sampel 133 orang. Lingkar perut ditentukan berdasarkan pengukuran denganmenggunakan pita ukur, aktivitas fisik dan kebiasaan makan diketahui melaluikuesioner aktivitas fisik GPAQ, food recall 24 jam dan Food FrequencyQuestionnaire (FFQ). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan pengukuranlingkar perut sebanyak 85% diabetisi mengalami obesitas sentral. Uji Independent T-Test menyatakan bahwa variabel asupan lemak, kebiasaan sarapan dan tingkatpengetahuan memiliki perbedaan bermakna dengan obesitas sentral. Untukmenurunkan angka obesitas sentral pada diabetisi, disarankan untuk diberikan edukasimengenai obesitas sentral dan pola makan pada diabetisi.
Kata Kunci:Diabetes melitus, obesitas sentral, asupan.
Diabetes mellitus is a degenerative disease caused by insulin resistance in body cells,it will also causes some diseases of comordibity and metabolic syndrome such asabdominal obesity. Abdominal obesity in diabetics can be influenced by variousfactors such as food intake, lifestyles and others. This undergraduate thesis aims tosee the difference between abdominal obesity based on energy intake and otherfactors in diabetics. This study was conducted on diabetics in Puskesmas Jatinegara inApril 2017. The design of this study used Cross-sectional method over 133 people assample size. Abdominal circumference is determined by measurement usingmeasuring tape, physical activity and eating habits throughout GPAQ PhysicalActivity Questionnaire, 24-hour Food Recall and Food Frequency Questionnaire(FFQ). The results showed that based on abdominal circumference measurements asmuch as 85% of diabetics are abdominal obesity. The Independent T-Test stated thatthe variable fat intake, breakfast habits and knowledge level had significantdifferences with abdominal obesity. In order to reduce abdominal obesity rates indiabetics, it is advisable to promote the education on abdominal obesity and diet fordiabetics.
Keyword:Diabetes mellitus, abdominal obesity, food intake.
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Kata Kunci:Diabetes melitus, obesitas sentral, asupan.
Diabetes mellitus is a degenerative disease caused by insulin resistance in body cells,it will also causes some diseases of comordibity and metabolic syndrome such asabdominal obesity. Abdominal obesity in diabetics can be influenced by variousfactors such as food intake, lifestyles and others. This undergraduate thesis aims tosee the difference between abdominal obesity based on energy intake and otherfactors in diabetics. This study was conducted on diabetics in Puskesmas Jatinegara inApril 2017. The design of this study used Cross-sectional method over 133 people assample size. Abdominal circumference is determined by measurement usingmeasuring tape, physical activity and eating habits throughout GPAQ PhysicalActivity Questionnaire, 24-hour Food Recall and Food Frequency Questionnaire(FFQ). The results showed that based on abdominal circumference measurements asmuch as 85% of diabetics are abdominal obesity. The Independent T-Test stated thatthe variable fat intake, breakfast habits and knowledge level had significantdifferences with abdominal obesity. In order to reduce abdominal obesity rates indiabetics, it is advisable to promote the education on abdominal obesity and diet fordiabetics.
Keyword:Diabetes mellitus, abdominal obesity, food intake.
S-9535
Depok : FKM UI, 2017
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Dyah Ayu Puspitaningsih; Pembimbing: Diah Mulyawati Utari; Penguji: Ratu Ayu Dewi Sartika, Flora Theresia
Abstrak:
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat perbedaan proporsi kejadian obesitas sentral berdasarkan faktor perilaku konsumsi dan faktor lainnya padapenduduk dewasa (usia 20-45 tahun) di Provinsi Sumatera Utara berdasarkan data Riskesdas 2018. Desain studi penelitian ini adalah cross sectional dengan analisis univariat dan bivariat (chi-square). Data penelitian ini menggunakan data Riskesdas 2018 dengan jumlah sampel sebesar 19.757 responden dewasa usia 20-45 tahun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi obesitas pada penduduk dewasa usia 20-45 tahun di Sumatera Utara pada tahun 2018, yaitu sebesar 31,4%. Hasil analisis menunjukan bahwa terdapat perbedaan proporsi obesitas sentral yang signifikan ditemukan pada variabel usia, variabel jenis kelamin, varianel pendidikan terakhir, variabel status perkawinan, variabel status pekerjaan, variabel tipe wilayah tempat tinggal, variabel konsumsi makanan berlemak, variabel konsumsi makanan manis, variabel konsumsi minuman manis, variabel konsumsi alkohol, variabel aktivitas fisik, variabel riwayat merokok, variabel kondisi mental emosional (p value<0,05). Optimalisasi kegiatan skrinning obesitas sentral dengan menggunakan metode pengukuran lingkar perut ataupun RLPP dan kegiatan olahraga bersama di Posbindu PTM serta pelaksanaan pola hidup sehat oleh masyarakat seperti makan sesuai anjuran gizi seimbang dan aktif untuk meningkatkan waktu dan frekuensi aktivitas fisik dapat membantu pencegahan obesitas pada penduduk dewasa di Sumatera Utara.
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S-10779
Depok : FKM UI, 2021
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Cindy Yanci; Pembimbing: Engkus Kusdinar Achmad; Penguji: Siti Arifah Pudjonarti, Zakiyah
Abstrak:
Obesitas adalah faktor risiko penyakit kardiovaskular. Skripsi ini merupakan penelitian dengan desain studi cross-sectional yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan kejadian obesitas berdasarkan asupan gizi, aktivitas fisik, dan faktor lainnya. Penelitian ini melibatkan 104 responden yang merupakan PNS di Kantor Dinas Kesehatan kota Depok. Obesitas diukur menggunakan Indeks Massa Tubuh. Sebanyak 50% PNS mengalami obesitas (IMT > 25 kg/m2 ). Dari beberapa variabel yang diuji, terdapat perbedaan bermakna kejadian obesitas berdasarkan asupan energi, karbohidrat, dan lemak, serta kebiasaan makan di luar rumah baik pada pria maupun wanita. Setelah dikontrol oleh jenis kelamin, perbedaan tersebut hanya bermakna pada wanita. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, PNS disarankan untuk mengurangi makanan yang mengandung karbohidrat dan lemak yang berlebihan, serta mengurangi frekuensi makan di luar rumah untuk mencegah obesitas.
Kata Kunci: Obesitas, Indeks Massa Tubuh, asupan gizi, aktivitas fisik
Obesity is an independent risk factor for cardiovarcular disease. The purpose of this cross-sectional study is to identify the difference in the incidence of obesity based on dietary intake, physical activity, and some other factors. A total of 104 civil servants of Depok Health Department were included in this study. Obesity was measured using Body Mass Index. The prevalence of obesity (BMI > 25 kg/m2 ) was 50%. From the tested variables, there were significant differences in proportion of energy, carbohydrate, and protein intake, as well as eating out of home on the prevalence of obesity in both men and women. After controlled by sex, the differences were only significant in women, but not in men. The results suggest that civil servants to reduce energy, carbohydrate, and fat intake, as well as the frequency of eating out of home.
Keywords: Obesity, Body Mass Index, dietary intake, physical activity
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Kata Kunci: Obesitas, Indeks Massa Tubuh, asupan gizi, aktivitas fisik
Obesity is an independent risk factor for cardiovarcular disease. The purpose of this cross-sectional study is to identify the difference in the incidence of obesity based on dietary intake, physical activity, and some other factors. A total of 104 civil servants of Depok Health Department were included in this study. Obesity was measured using Body Mass Index. The prevalence of obesity (BMI > 25 kg/m2 ) was 50%. From the tested variables, there were significant differences in proportion of energy, carbohydrate, and protein intake, as well as eating out of home on the prevalence of obesity in both men and women. After controlled by sex, the differences were only significant in women, but not in men. The results suggest that civil servants to reduce energy, carbohydrate, and fat intake, as well as the frequency of eating out of home.
Keywords: Obesity, Body Mass Index, dietary intake, physical activity
S-8743
Depok : FKM UI, 2015
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Youvita Indamaika Simbolon; Pembimbing: Triyanti; Penguji: Ratu Ayu Dewi Sartika, Hera Nurlita, Ari Wijayanti
Abstrak:
Tingkat kepatuhan diet di Indonesia rata-rata masih rendah. Diet dalam menjaga makanan seringkali menjadi kendala karena masih tergoda dengan segala makanan yang dapat memperburuk kesehatan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kepatuhan diet pada penderita diabetes melitus tipe 2. Penelitian ini menggunakan disain cross-sectional. Sampel yang diteliti adalah seluruh penderita diabetes melitus tipe 2 dengan rentang usia 25-65 tahun yang sedang rawat jalan, sampel diambil dengan metode non-random sampling dengan teknik purposive sampling sebanyak 130 orang. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui pengukuran antropometri, pengisian kuesioner, form food recall 1x24 jam dan semi- quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SFFQ). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebanyak 13,8% responden yang patuh diet. Hasil uji chi-square menunjukkan ada hubungan yang bermakna antara kepatuhan diet diabetes melitus tipe 2 dengan jenis kelamin (p=0,008) dan lama menderita (p=0,044). Hasil uji regresi logistik menunjukkan lama menderita merupakan faktor dominan yang berhubungan dengan kepatuhan diet diabetes melitus tipe 2. Penderita diabetes melitus diharapkan untuk memperhatikan pola makan yang dianjurkan dan melaksanakannya dengan baik, mampu secara aktif untuk meningkatkan pengetahuannya terkait penyakit diabetes melitus dan faktor-faktor terkait lainnya dan tetap mempertahankan pola makan yang sudah dijalankan bagi yang sudah lama menderita diabetes melitus tipe 2.
Kata kunci: Diabetes mellitus tipe 2, kepatuhan diet, karakteristik individu, faktor psikososial
The level of dietary adherence in Indonesia is still low. Diet in maintaining food is often become an obstacles because the patient is still tempted by all food that can worsen their health. The purpose of this study is to determine the factors that associated with dietary adherence in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. This study was using a cross-sectional design. The samples studied were all type 2 diabetes mellitus type 2 with the age range 25-65 years was outpatient, samples were taken with non-random sampling method with purposive sampling of 130 people. Data were collected through anthropometric measurements, filling-out questionnaires, 1x24 hour food recall and dan (semi- quantitative food frequency questionnaire) SFFQ form. The results showed 13.8% of respondents were diet-compliant. There were significant relationship between gender (p=0.008) and length of suffering (p=0.044) with between dietary adherence. The result of logistic regression test showed that the duration of suffering is the dominant factor associated with dietary adherence in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients were expected to pay attention to the diet recommended and carry it out well, to actively to improve the knowledge related to the disease diabetes mellitus and related to the other factors and still preserve diet that has been run for who has long been suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Keywords: Type 2 diabetes mellitus, dietary adherence, individual characteristics, psychosocial factors
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Kata kunci: Diabetes mellitus tipe 2, kepatuhan diet, karakteristik individu, faktor psikososial
The level of dietary adherence in Indonesia is still low. Diet in maintaining food is often become an obstacles because the patient is still tempted by all food that can worsen their health. The purpose of this study is to determine the factors that associated with dietary adherence in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. This study was using a cross-sectional design. The samples studied were all type 2 diabetes mellitus type 2 with the age range 25-65 years was outpatient, samples were taken with non-random sampling method with purposive sampling of 130 people. Data were collected through anthropometric measurements, filling-out questionnaires, 1x24 hour food recall and dan (semi- quantitative food frequency questionnaire) SFFQ form. The results showed 13.8% of respondents were diet-compliant. There were significant relationship between gender (p=0.008) and length of suffering (p=0.044) with between dietary adherence. The result of logistic regression test showed that the duration of suffering is the dominant factor associated with dietary adherence in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients were expected to pay attention to the diet recommended and carry it out well, to actively to improve the knowledge related to the disease diabetes mellitus and related to the other factors and still preserve diet that has been run for who has long been suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Keywords: Type 2 diabetes mellitus, dietary adherence, individual characteristics, psychosocial factors
T-5499
Depok : FKM UI, 2019
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Anila Istitis Atin; Pembimbing: Ratu Ayu Dewi Sartika; Penguji: Fatmah, Victor Saija
Abstrak:
ABSTRAK Prevalensi obesitas sentral pada penderita hipertensi mengalami peningkatan dalam sepuluh tahun terakhir. Obesitas sentral dapat menyebabkan komplikasi jangka panjang, seperti diabetes mellitus tipe 2, kanker, dan penyakit kardiovaskular lainnya. Skripsi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan kualitas tidur dan faktor lainnya dengan obesitas sentral pada penderita hipertensi. Responden penelitian ini adalah penderita hipertensi di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Tegal Gundil, Kecamatan Bogor Utara. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada bulan Mei, Juli, dan September 2017 dengan jumlah sampel 92 orang. Penelitian ini dengan menggunakan desain studi cross-sectional. Obesitas sentral diukur berdasarkan lingkar perut dengan menggunakan pita ukur. Responden termasuk ke dalam kategori obesitas sentral jika lingkar perut ≥80 cm untuk perempuan dan ≥90 cm untuk laki-laki. Aktivitas fisik dan aktivitas sedentari dinilai menggunakan General Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ). Kualitas dan durasi tidur dinilai menggunakan Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Data asupan energi, karbohidrat, protein, lemak, dan serat dinilai menggunakan semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SFFQ) dan kemudian dianalisis menggunakan aplikasi Nutrisurvey 2007. Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah uji T independen, uji Mann Whitney-U, dan uji chi-square dengan confidence interval (CI) 90%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebanyak 82.6% responden mengalami obesitas sentral. Berdasarkan uji Mann Whitney-U dan uji T independen ditemukan perbedaan yang bermakna antara kualitas tidur, asupan energi dan asupan karbohidrat dengan kejadian obesitas sentral. Sosialisasi mengenai dietary approach to stop hypertension for Indonesian (DASHI) pada penderita hipertensi perlu dilakukan oleh Puskesmas. Selain itu, pasien dianjurkan untuk mengurangi nasi putih dan menggantinya dengan makanan sumber karbohidrat lain, seperti ubi, singkong, dan kentang agar sumber karbohidratnya beragam. Pasien juga dianjurkan menjalani gaya hidup sehat seperti rutin melakukan aktivitas fisik minimal 3 kali per minggu agar status kesehatannya meningkat sehingga dapat terhindar dari komplikasi akibat hipertensi. Kata kunci: Aktivitas fisik, asupan, kualitas tidur, obesitas sentral, penderita hipertensi The prevalence of central obesity in hypertensive patients has increased during past ten years. Central obesity becomes risk factor of long term complications such as type 2 diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. This cross-sectional research aims to identify the difference between sleep quality and other factors with central obesity in hypertensive patients. A total of 92 participants in this study are hypertensive patients in Puskesmas Tegal Gundil, North Bogor District. Data was collected in May, July, and September 2017. Central obesity is defined by waist circumference ≥80 cm in women and ≥90 cm in men. General Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) is used to assess physical activity and sedentary activity. Sleep quality and duration are assessed using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Energy and macronutrients intake (carbohydrate, protein, fat, and dietary fiber) are assessed using semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SFFQ) and analyzed with Nutrisurvey 2007 software. Statistical analyses used in this study are independent T test, Mann Whitney-U, and chi-square (confidence interval 90%). The prevalence of central obesity is 82.6%. In this study, there are significant difference between sleep quality, energy and carbohydrate intake with central obesity. Dietary approach to stop hypertension for Indonesian (DASHI) should be socialized to hypertensive patients. Patients should reduce white rice consumption and replace it with the other sources of carbohydrate such as potatoes, sweet potatoes, and cassavas. Patients should promote healthy life style such as increasing physical activity at least 3 times per week so that complications of hypertension can be avoided. Keywords: Central obesity, food intake, hypertensive patients, physical activity, sleep quality
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S-9675
Depok : FKM-UI, 2018
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Maura Octavia; Pembimbing: Diah Mulyawati Utari; Penguji: Trini Sudiarti, Sugiatmi
Abstrak:
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Obesitas merupakan keadaan yang terjadi akibat akumulasi lemak yang berlebihan dan berlangsung dalam waktu yang lama sehingga berat badan. Salah satu kelompok masyarakat yang berisiko terhadap obesitas adalah pekerja terutama pekerja kantoran. Para pekerja cenderung tidak memperhatikan pola makan serta melakukan aktvitas fisik yang rendah. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan proporsi faktor internal (riwayat keluarga, usia, jenis kelamin, dan aktivitas fisik), faktor eksternal (tingkat pendidikan, tingkat pengetahuan, status perkawinan, dan jenis pekerjaan), dan faktor konsumsi (persen asupan energi, persen asupan protein, dan konsumsi gorengan) terhadap kejadian obesitas pada pekerja di PT Juara Abadi Bersama Tahun 2023. Penelitian dilakukan secara luring selama bulan November – Desember 2023. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional dan menggunakan metode random sampling untuk mendapatkan 117 responden. Hasil analisis menyatakan bahwa adanya perbedaan proporsi antara riwayat keluarga (p value = 0,001), aktivitas fisik (p value = 0,013), jenis pekerjaan (p value = 0,024), asupan energi (p value = 0,001), dan konsumsi gorengan (p value = 0,021) dengan kejadian obesitas. Saran yang diberikan kepada pihak perusahaan serta sivitasnya yaitu untuk lebih aktif dalam mencari informasi terkait gizi dan kesehatan, serta dilakukannya pencegahan terkait obesitas dengan memperhatikan asupan makan yang tepat, melakukan pemantauan terkait status gizi, dan melakukan upaya pencegahan bersama seperti olahraga bersama.
Obesity is a condition that occurs due to excessive accumulation of fats and lasts for a long time hence the increasing of body weight. Workers are one of the group of people who are at risk of obesity, especially office workers. Workers tend not to pay attention to their diet and carry out low levels of physical activity. This study aims to find the proporstion differences between internal factors (family history, age, gender, and, physical activity) external factors (level of education, level of knowledge, marital status, and work section) and consumption factors (percentage of energy intake, percentage of protein intake, and comsumption of fried foods) towards obesity among workers in PT Juara Abadi Bersama in 2023. This study was conducted offline during November – December 2023. This study uses cross sectional design and random sampling methode to get 117 respondents. The results of the analysis stated that there’s a proportion differences between family history (p value = 0,000), activity factor (p value = 0,013), work section (p value = 0,024), energy intake (p value = 0,000), and fried food consumption (p value = 0,021) towards obesity. Advice given to the company and its community members is to be more active in seeking information related to nutrition and health, as well as to prevent obesity by paying attention to appropriate food intake, monitoring nutritional status, and carrying out joint prevention efforts such as exercising together.
S-11545
Depok : FKM-UI, 2024
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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