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ABSTRAK Kesembuhan penderita tuberkuosis paru merupakan salah satu keberhasilan program penanggulangan TB paru. Persentase kesembuhan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Pakkat tahun 2009 sebesar 86,7%, sedangkan target keberhasilan Nasional sebesar 85%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor pasien yang berhubungan dengan keberhasilan program penanggulangan tuberkulosis paru di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Pakkat tahun 2007-2010. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel penelitian adalah penderita TB paru yang tercatat pada TB 01 dan telah menjalani pengobatan selama 6 bulan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Pakkat terhitung dari Januari 2007 sampai Desember 2010. Hasil analisis univariat menunjukkan bahwa penderita TB yang menjalani pengobatan selama enam bulan sebagian besar adalah laki-laki, penghasilan rendah, umur produktif, jumlah anggota keluarga besar, tradisi berobat ke fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan, tingkat pendidikan rendah, pengetahuan baik, tindakan yang baik, dan persepsi yang baik, serta kategori I. Pada analisis bivarait, tidak ditemukan adanya hubungan yang bermakna antara variabel independen dengan keberhasilan program penanggulangan TB paru di Puskesmas Pakkat. Pada penelitian ini tidak ditemukan hubungan yang bermakna antara faktor-faktor pasien dengan keberhasilan program penanggulangan tuberkulosis paru di Puskesmas Pakkat. Kata Kunci : Tuberkulosis paru, keberhasilan program penanggulangan, faktorfaktor pasien
ABSTRACT The healing patients with pulmonary tuberculosis is one of the success of pulmonary TB control program. The persentage of healing in the work area for Public Health Center Pakkat in 2009 for 86.7%, whereas the national target success of 85%. This research aimed to know these factors related with successful patient of pulmonary control programs in the region of Public Health Center Pakkat year 2007-2010. This research used cross-sectional approach to see the relationship of independent variables with the dependent variable in a moment. The research sample was patients with pulmonary tuberculosis recorded on the TB 01 and had undergone treatment for 6 months in the region of the Public Health Center Pakkat as of in January 2007 until Desember 2010. The results of univariate analysis showed that TB patiens who had treatment for six months largely male, low income, productive age, a large number of household, traditional of treatment to the health care facility, low education levels, good knowlwgde, good action, good perceptions, and patients with category I. The results of bivariate analysis there were no significant relationship between independent variables with the success of pulmonary TB control programs in the Public Health Center Pakkat. The conclusion of this research, that factors patients unrelated with success of pulmonary tuberculosis control programs in the Public Health Center Pakkat tahun 2007-2010. Keywords: Pulmonary tuberculosis, the success of control programs, patient factors.
ABSTRAK
Nama : Karmellia Nikke Darnesti
Program Studi : Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat
Judul : Analisis Kinerja Unit Pelayanan Gigi Puskesmas Kelurahan di
Wilayah Kecamatan Koja Jakarta Utara Tahun 2018
Pembimbing : Prastuti Soewondo, S.E., MPH., Ph.D
Lebih dari 50% penduduk di Indonesia memiliki permasalahan gigi dan mulut, ironisnya
berdasarkan Riskesdas 2018, hanya sekitar 10% yang mampu mendapat akses ke layanan
kesehatan gigi. Rifaskes 2011 mengindikasikan cakupan program usaha kesehatan gigi
berbasis masyarakat di puskesmas masih sangat rendah, termasuk di wilayah DKI Jakarta.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan kajian atas kinerja unit pelayanan gigi
puskesmas kelurahan di wilayah Kecamatan Koja. Pendekatan wawancara mendalam,
observasi, dan telaah dokumen dilakukan pada dua jenis unit pelayanan gigi yang ada di
puskesmas kelurahan wilayah Kecamatan Koja. Terdapat dua skema, yaitu Pola I yang
memiliki dokter gigi saja dan Pola III memiliki dokter gigi dan terapis gigi. Hasil
penelitian menyatakan bahwa unit pelayanan gigi pola III memiliki kinerja pelayanan gigi
yang lebih baik karena dapat menangani lebih banyak pasien dan tindakan, serta dapat
memenuhi program Usaha Kesehatan Gigi Sekolah (UKGS) dan Upaya Kesehatan Gigi
Masyarakat (UKGM). Sebaliknya, unit pelayanan gigi pola I hanya dapat memenuhi
program UKGS dan menangani jumlah pasien yang lebih sedikit. Adanya kompetisi
waktu antara program kesehatan gigi masyarakat dan poli gigi membuat dokter gigi
kesulitan memenuhi semua pelayanan gigi. Pelaksanaan program UKGS maupun UKGM
yang dipenuhi hanya terbatas pada penyuluhan singkat dan pemeriksaan sederhana yang
dilaksanakan sekedar memenuhi target. Akibatnya, permasalahan gigi dapat terus
berkembang menjadi penyakit yang semakin parah dan membutuhkan perawatan lebih
kompleks. Hasil kajian juga menguak bahwa tindakan mayoritas, yaitu mumifikasi,
kurang sesuai dengan standar perawatan yang dibutuhkan karena keterbatasan sumber
daya. Disamping itu, tugas manajemen puskesmas ternyata menambah beban kerja dokter
gigi dan mempengaruhi kinerja unit pelayanan gigi. Kolaborasi dokter gigi dengan terapis
gigi akan meningkatkan kinerja unit pelayanan gigi karena dapat mengakomodasi
kenaikan permintaan pelayanan, membantu melaksanakan semua upaya kesehatan gigi,
dan meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan dalam era Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN).
Kata kunci: kinerja, pelayanan gigi, puskesmas, dokter gigi, terapis gigi
ABSTRACT
Name : Karmellia Nikke Darnesti
Study Program : Public Health Science
Title : Analysis of Dental Medical Unit Performance in Puskesmas
Kelurahan at Koja District North Jakarta 2018
Counsellor : Prastuti Soewondo, S.E., MPH., Ph.D
More than 50% of the population in Indonesia were reported to have dental problems,
ironically based on Riskesdas 2018, only around 10% are able to get access to dental
services. Rifaskes 2011 has indicated the coverage of the community-based oral health
program at the Puskesmas is quietly low, even in the DKI Jakarta. This study aims to
analyze the performance of the dental medical unit at the puskesmas kelurahan in Koja
District area. The approach is through in-depth interviews, observations, and document
studies were carried out on two types of dental medical units that mostly be divided into
Pattern I with only dentist and Pattern III which have dentist and dental therapist. The
results of the study indicated that Pattern III had higher dental service performance
primarily because it could handle more patients and type of treatments also could carry
out School-based Oral Health (UKGS) and Community-based Oral Health (UKGM)
programs. In contrast, Pattern I only fulfill the UKGS program and handle fewer patients.
Clash of time between community-based program and dental poly makes it difficult for
dentists to fulfill all dental services. The implementation of the UKGS and UKGM
programs which only brief counseling and screening tended merely meet the targets so
that dental problems become more severe then require more complex treatments. The
study also revealed that the mummification, which were among the most frequent
treatment, were not in accordance with the standard of care due to limited resources. In
addition, management duties within puskesmas adds further workload of dentists and
influenced the performance of dental service. Dentist collaboration with dental therapist
will improve the performance of the dental service, allowing them to accommodate the
increase in demand, support implementation of all dental health efforts, and improve
dental service quality in the era of National Health Insurance (JKN).
Keywords : dental services; performance; puskesmas; dentist; dental therapist
Kata Kunci: POPM Filariasis, faktor pendukung, faktor penghambat
Bogor District is filariasis endemic area, microfilaria-rate 1.92. MDA Filariasis is held once a year, at least 5 years for elimination of filariasis in 2020. The purpose of research to know the supporting factors and inhibiting the implementation of the program in 3 districts. Type of qualitative research with case study design. The results of the study, the number of drugs is over, good cross-sectoral cooperation, there are 4 billion funds. Constraints circulated rumors of drug side effects, and lack of socialization programs, the number of health workers, cadres, and funding. Should be increased drug coverage with audiovisual socialization, testimonials, role models, muffled rumors, sweeping on holidays, and filariasis ambassadors.
Keywords: POPM Filariasis, supporting factors, inhibiting factors.
In the research showed that the analysis input of TB officer in sufficient, hasapproriate laboratory with diagnostic equipment, availability medicine, effectivemanaging program, implemetation of activities based on policies, but the budgetcan not be assessed for adequacy because there are no record keeping andreporting. On the analysis process is known as the activities carried out by theplanning made, duties and clearly defined function. The officer participate in thetraining as skills development effort, effective health promotion counseling, theexistent of partnership program help in pulmonary TB. Surveillance activitiescarried out once a year through supervision by any country or city level. While theevaluation is based on the keeping and reporting result, but the are keeping andreporting no yet completed. In order to increase the activity of pulmonary TB inPuskesmas Kecamatan Kemayoran, it is necessary to hold training for officer whohave not been trained. Check cost analysis to determine the adequacy of budgetactivities, improvement counseling as a part of health promotion and keeping andreporting on any pulmonary TB progam activities.Key words : Analysis, Pulmonary TB, Management
