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Cakupan Imunisasi Dasar Lengkap (IDL) di Kabupaten Lebak tahun 2023 terjadi ketidakmerataan, dimana (39,5%) 17 Puskesmas di wilayah kerja Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Lebak tidak mencapai target cakupan Imunisasi Dasar Lengkap (IDL) dari target Nasional yaitu sebesar 100%.
Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus yang dilaksanakan di dua puskesmas dengan cakupan Imunisasi Dasar Lengkap (IDL) tertinggi dan terendah di Kabupaten Lebak. Jumlah informan dalam penelitian ini yaitu enam informan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam dan observasi melalui telaah dokumen, kemudian dilakukan analisis data kualitatif.
Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa cakupan Imunisasi Dasar Lengkap (IDL) berkaitan dengan pelayanan kesehatan, sumber daya manusia, logistik vaksin, pembiayaan, pencatatan pelaporan, penggerakan pelaksanaan serta pengawasan pengendalian penilaian. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan kinerja program imunisasi terhadap cakupan Imunisasi Dasar Lengkap (IDL) di Kabupaten Lebak tahun 2023 masih menghadapi beberapa tantangan utama yang berdampak pada ketidakmerataan cakupan Imunisasi Dasar Lengkap (IDL).
The coverage of Complete Basic Immunization (CBI) in Lebak Regency in 2023 was uneven, where (39.5%) 17 Health Centers in the working area of the Lebak Regency Health Office did not achieve the target of Complete Basic Immunization (CBI) coverage from the National target of 100%. The study used a qualitative approach with a case study design carried out in two health centers with the highest and lowest Complete Basic Immunization (CBI) coverage in Lebak Regency. The number of informants in this study was six informants. Data collection was carried out through in-depth interviews and observations through document review, then qualitative data analysis was carried out. The study shows that the coverage of Complete Basic Immunization (CBI) is related to health services, human resources, vaccine logistics, financing, reporting records, implementation mobilization and supervision of assessment control. So it can be concluded that the performance of the immunization program on the coverage of Complete Basic Immunization (CBI) in Lebak Regency in 2023 still faces several major challenges that have an impact on the uneven coverage of Complete Basic Immunization (CBI).
Background: Nowadays, many health problems happened in adolescent, includingadolescent in school. In Indonesia, there is a program that conducted in school, namedUKS (Usaha Kesehatan Sekolah). In school, adolescent is the organized group that has tobe capable to empower in health. Objective: Explain about implementation of UKSprogram in Senior High School and equal in Province of DKI Jakarta with BalancedScorecard approaches. Method: information obtained from qualitative study conducted inSchool and health care center in Province of DKI Jakarta. Analyzed information in thisstudy sourced from 17 in-depth interviews, consist of 4 (four) vice school principle, 4(four) teachers, 4 (four) students, 4 (four) health care center staff, and representatives fromProvince Health Office. Result: Based on Balanced Scorecard method, in four schoolswhich become the subject of the research stated that are not yet implementedcomprehensive UKS program. Most of them implement only in curative and rehabilitativeefforts. Besides senior high school, the implement program is health care center. In fourhealth care center, most of them implement the program only in health services functioncompared with health education function. Inhibit factors which causes ineffective are lackof training and forum for teacher for encouraging their knowledge and skill that relatedwith UKS, lack of involving the student in school and health care center, and lack ofpartnership between health care center with other sectors like public sector, private sectors,or non-government organization. Conclusion: Required a comprehensive effort to solvethe problems. The governments have to review the policy and guidance related to UKSimplementation di school. Besides that, it is required to improve the organizing skill fromprogram officer (teacher and health care officer) so that they are capable to implementcomprehensive UKS program through training and communication forum as the learning,involve the parent of the student, and involve the students in planning until evaluationprocess in UKS program.Key word: school, student, implementation, UKS, health care center, Balanced Scorecard.
Health Law Number 36 of 2009 states that every child deserved in basic immunizationaccording the provisions to prevent the occurrence of diseases that can be avoided throughimmunization. The government is also required to provide a complete basic immunizationto every baby and child. In 2017, Depok became outbreak with 12 cases suspectdiphtheria and 1 person died. The city of Depok is an area with high transmission potentialfor communicable diseases due to high population and high mobility. Complete BasicImmunization (IDL) is one of the old immunization policy implemented but has not metthe expected success. Complete Basic Immunization Program is one of the oldimmunization policy programs implemented but has not met the expected success. Theimplementation analysis is intended to see how the implementation of the complete basicimmunization program at the Puskesmas. This research is a qualitative research with in-depth interview technique and related document study which using the policyimplementation theory of Van Meter and Van Horn based on 6 (six) variables. The resultsobtained that the standard and objective have not been fully achieved. Resources areconstrained by incentive indicators that have not been felt optimally in supporting theoptimal implementation of complete basic immunization in Puskesmas. Inter-organizational communication is good. Characteristic of implementing agencies areconstrained by human resource constraints. Disposition of implementors supported, butstill found some implementers who are not orderly. Economic and political conditions aregood, but social condition are not yet supportive. Conclusion found that implementationof complete basic immunization in Depok still has constraints in each variable and needto be done process of fulfillment of less variable. The recommendation of this research isthe success of implementation will be achieved if the improvement of deficiency, bothfrom the side of standard and objective, policy resources, interorganizationalcommunication, characteristic of implementing agencies, disposition of implementors,and social, economy, political condition. Barriers to existing programs can be overcomeby optimizing the Puskesmas's authority as a regional coach.
