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Kata kunci: hipertensi; industri tekstil; kebisingan tempat kerja; pekerja
Repeated noise exposure in the workplace may increase the blood pressure of workers. PT. X is a textile factory that has a machine that can cause high noise. This study aimed to determine the association between noise exposure with high blood pressure in workers in the department spinning, weaving, and dyeing. This study used cross sectional design with a sample size of 103 workers selected by proportionate stratified random sampling. The independent variable in this study is the noise exposure and the dependent variable is the high blood pressure, with confounding variables are individual characteristics and lifestyle. The result of noise exposure at PT. X above the threshold limit value (TLV) of noise. 35 (34%) out of 103 workers had hypertension. The result of statistic analysis with chi squre test showed no significant relationship between noise exposure with high blood pressure (p value: 0,136). High blood pressure has a significant relationship with age (p value: 0.033) and smoking habits (p value: 0.036). Multivariate analysis showed that workers exposed to noise above the TLV had a 3,172 times risk of hypertention han workers who were not exposed to noise above the TLV after being controlled by age and smoking habits. Workers who are exposed to noise, over 40 years old and have smoking habits have a risk of hypertension. Recommendations in this study are to measuring blood pressure routinely, rotating job, and using sound-absorbing material in the production area.
Keyword: hypertension; occupational noise; textile industry; workers
Hasil penelitian menunjukan sebanyak 37 pekerja (44%) mengalami keluhan gangguan pendengaran tinggi. Berdasarkan uji chi square, terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kebisingan > 85 dBA (p value=0,039, OR=2,8), usia (p value=0,012, OR=3,457) dan penggunaan alat pelindung telinga (APT) (p value=0,046, OR=2,761) dengan keluhan gangguan pendengaran. Sedangkan variabel masa kerja, riwayat penyakit telinga, riwayat hipertensi, riwayat diabetes, merokok, dan hobi terpajan bising tidak menunjukan hubungan yang signifikan.
Hasil analisis multivariat menunjukan pekerja yang terpajan kebisingan diatas NAB memiliki risiko 4,512 kali lebih tinggi dibandingkan pekerja yang terpajan kebisingan dibawah NAB setelah dikontrol oleh variabel usia. Pekerja yang terpajan kebisingan berisiko untuk mengalami keluhan gangguan pendengeran. Pekerja yang berusia lebih dari 40 tahun dan tidak menggunakan APT saat berkeja memiliki risiko lebih besar untuk mengalami keluhan gangguan pendengaran.
Kata kunci: Industri Tekstil, Kebisingan, Keluhan Gangguan Pendengaran
PT X is a textile industry in Indonesia with a variety of machinery and equipment generating high-intensity noise in several areas. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between noise intensity higher than 85 dBA with hearing loss complain on workers of spinning, weaving, and dyeing department at PT X. The method used in this study was quantitative analysis with a cross-sectional study design. The number of samples in this study was 84 workers chosen by proportionate stratified random sampling method. The independent variable in this study was noise level while the dependent variable was hearing loss complaints, with confounding variables included characteristic and worker behavior.
The study result shows that 37 workers (44%) experienced hearing loss complaints. Based on the chi-square test, there was a significant relationship between noise > 85 dBA (p value = 0.039, OR = 2.8), age (p value = 0.012, OR = 3.457) and hearing protection device (HPD) utilization (p value = 0.046, OR = 2.761) with hearing loss complaints. Meanwhile, variables of the working period, ear disease history, hypertension history, diabetes history, smoking history, and noise exposure do not show a significant relationship.
The multivariate result shows that workers exposed to noise above TLV possess 4.512 times higher risk than the workers exposed to noise under TLV after being controlled by age variable. Noise-exposed workers are at risk of experiencing complaints of hearing loss. Workers who are over 40 years old and do not use HPD while working have a greater risk of experiencing hearing loss complaints.
Keywords: Hearing Loss Complain, Noise, Textile Industry
Kata kunci: kebisingan, pesawat, tekanan darah tinggi, bandara, gaya hidup
Kata kunci: Kebisingan, Tekanan Darah Tinggi, Hipertesi, Industri
This study aims to analyze the relationship of noise levels in the work environment, factors of worker characteristics (age, length of work, duration of work, hereditary history, and BMI), worker behavior (use of PPE, smoking behavior, and physical activity) with blood pressure on workers in Utilities and Oil Movement Units of PT Pertamina (Persero) Refinery Unit VI Balongan in 2020. This study uses quantitative research methods with cross sectional study design. The number of samples of this study are 72 workers in the Utilities and Oil Movement Units. Data of noise is obtained from direct measurements using a sound level meter. Data of worker blood pressure is obtained through direct measurements using a digital sphymomanometer. Based on the chi-square test, there was a significant relationship between noise > 85 dBA and high blood pressure in workers (p-value = 0.011, OR = 4.474). There is also a significant relationship between age variables (p-value = 0.001, OR = 7.048), years of service (p-value = 0.019, OR = 6.650), duration of work (p-value = 0.012, OR = 4,250), hereditary history (p-value = 0.021, OR = 4.607), body mass index (p-value = 0.002, OR = 5.714), use of PPE (p-value = 0.011, OR = 0.208) and physical activity (p-value = 0.004, OR = 6,333). While the smoking variable does not have a significant relationship with workers' blood pressure (p-value = 0.660, OR = 1.477).
Key words: Noise, High Blood Pressure, Hypertension, Industry
Kata kunci: Tekanan Panas, Tekanan Darah Tinggi, Riwayat Keturunan
Abstrak
Kebisingan adalah bunyi yang tidak dikehendaki dan dapat menimbulkan gangguan kesehatan, salah satunya dapat mengakibatkan kenaikan tekanan darah dan apabila terjadi terus menerus akan berakibat pada hipertensi. Hipertensi adalah salah satu penyakit tidak menular yang menjadi masalah kesehatan yang serius saat ini, dimana 27,5% penduduk di Indondesia menderita hipertensi. Kasus hipertensi di DKI Jakarta terbanyak terdapat di Wilayah Jakarta Timur yaitu 75.099 kasus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan peningkatan tekanan darah sesudah kerja pada pekerja di PT. Sanggar Sarana Baja Tahun 2013. Penelitian ini menggunakan disain cross sectional dengan jumlah sampel 196 orang.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan antara umur (5,97; 3,03–11,76) dan kebiasaan merokok (5,85; 2,91–11,77) dengan kejadian peningkatan tekanan darah. Besar risiko yang dialami oleh pekerja yang berumur > 40 tahun dan memiliki kebiasaan merokok dalam satu hari > 2 batang untuk mengalami kejadian peningkatan tekanan darah adalah 7,87 kali dibandingkan dengan pekerja yang berumur ≤ 40 tahun dan memiliki kebiasaan merokok dalam satu hari ≤ 2 batang.
Noise is unwanted sound and can cause health problems, one of which can result in increased blood pressure and the event will continue to result in hypertension. Hypertension is one of the non-communicable diseases are a serious health problem today, where 27,5% of the population suffers from hypertension in Indondesia. Cases of hypertension in Jakarta are the highest in the East Jakarta District 75.099 cases. This study aims to analyze the risk factors associated with increased blood pressure after work on workers at PT. Sanggar Sarana Baja in 2013. This study uses cross-sectional design with a sample of 196 people.
The results showed a significant relationship between age (5,97; 3,03-11,76) and smoking (5,85; 2,91-11,77) with an increased incidence of blood pressure. Major risks faced by workers aged > 40 years and have a habit of smoking in one day > 2 sticks to experience an increased incidence of blood pressure was 7,87 times compared with workers aged ≤ 40 years and has a habit of smoking in one day ≤ 2 sticks.
