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Redi Yudha Irianto; Pembimbing: Suyud Warno Utomo; Penguji: Al Asyrary, Bambang Wispriyono, Miko Hananto, Yulia Fitria Ningrum
Abstrak:
Polusi udara merupakan masalah kesehatan yang dapat menyebabkan kematian. NO2 adalah salah satu gas yang berkontribusi meningkatkan polusi udara yang dihasilkan dari kegiatan industri. Salah satu Industri yang menghasilkan emisi gas NO2 adalah Industri baja khususnya dari peralatan boiler dan furnace. Di Cikarang Barat terdapat industri baja yang berpotensi mengeluarkan emisi NO2 dan menyebabkan risiko kesehatan masyarakat di sekitarnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat besar risiko lingkungan akibat pajanan NO2 dan menganalisis pengaruh karakteristik individu terhadap gangguan pernapasan pada masyarakat disekitar industri baja. Desain penelitian ini adalah Cross Sectional dengan pendekatan ARKL.
Air pollution is a health problem that can cause death. NO 2 is a gas that contributes to increase air pollution resulting from industrial activities. One industry that produces NO 2 gas emissions is the steel industry, especially from boiler and furnace equipment. In West Cikarang there is a steel industry that has the potential to emit NO 2 emissions and cause health risks to the surrounding community. This study aims to look at the large environmental risks due to NO 2 exposure and analyze the effect of individual characteristics on respiratory disorders in the community around the steel industry. The design of this research is Cross Sectional with ARKL approach. The results show that there are 3 respondents living in a radius of <500 meters around the steel industry with a real time RQ> 1. And in the estimated 30 years (life span) there are 6 respondents who have an RQ> 1. The variable that is significantly related is the disease history variable with OR 3.86 95% CI (1,593 -9,351) after being controlled with nutritional status variables. In this study, it is necessary to control the risk of respondents who have a distance of <500 meters from the steel industry.
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Air pollution is a health problem that can cause death. NO 2 is a gas that contributes to increase air pollution resulting from industrial activities. One industry that produces NO 2 gas emissions is the steel industry, especially from boiler and furnace equipment. In West Cikarang there is a steel industry that has the potential to emit NO 2 emissions and cause health risks to the surrounding community. This study aims to look at the large environmental risks due to NO 2 exposure and analyze the effect of individual characteristics on respiratory disorders in the community around the steel industry. The design of this research is Cross Sectional with ARKL approach. The results show that there are 3 respondents living in a radius of <500 meters around the steel industry with a real time RQ> 1. And in the estimated 30 years (life span) there are 6 respondents who have an RQ> 1. The variable that is significantly related is the disease history variable with OR 3.86 95% CI (1,593 -9,351) after being controlled with nutritional status variables. In this study, it is necessary to control the risk of respondents who have a distance of <500 meters from the steel industry.
T-5873
Depok : FKM-UI, 2020
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Nada Amirah; Pembimbing: Agustin Kusumayati; Penguji: Budi Hartono, Dewi Susanna, Miko Hananto, Didi Purnama
Abstrak:
This thesis discusses the risk of SO2 exposure to the respiratory tract. SO2 exposurethrough inhalation can irritate the respiratory tract which triggers respiratory symptoms. SO2 is one of the gases emitted by the steel industry. People who live in industrial areas can be exposed to SO2 more often and experience health impacts.
This study aims to determine the level of risk and influence of SO2 exposure to respiratory tract symptomsin housewives living around the steel industry. This study uses the Environmental Health Risk Assessment (EHRA) approach to estimate the health risk in the area around the steel industry and uses the design of a cross-sectional study to illustrate the effect of intake SO2 on respiratory symptoms carried out in November - December 2019.
Samples in this research numbered 109 housewives obtained by proportional stratified random sampling. SO2 concentrations were measured at 9 points in 3 zones around the steel industry by the pararosanilin method and analyzed by spectrophotometer.
The results showed that Sukadanau Village has an RQ (Risk Quotient) ≤ 1. As many as 39,4% of housewives experience symptoms of respiratory tract disorders and obtained no influence of intake SO2 on respiratory symptoms. Recommendations that can be developed to carry out risk management in areas around the steel industry are monitoring SO2 concentrations on a regular basis so that SO2 remains at safe concentrations <0,201 mg/m3
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This study aims to determine the level of risk and influence of SO2 exposure to respiratory tract symptomsin housewives living around the steel industry. This study uses the Environmental Health Risk Assessment (EHRA) approach to estimate the health risk in the area around the steel industry and uses the design of a cross-sectional study to illustrate the effect of intake SO2 on respiratory symptoms carried out in November - December 2019.
Samples in this research numbered 109 housewives obtained by proportional stratified random sampling. SO2 concentrations were measured at 9 points in 3 zones around the steel industry by the pararosanilin method and analyzed by spectrophotometer.
The results showed that Sukadanau Village has an RQ (Risk Quotient) ≤ 1. As many as 39,4% of housewives experience symptoms of respiratory tract disorders and obtained no influence of intake SO2 on respiratory symptoms. Recommendations that can be developed to carry out risk management in areas around the steel industry are monitoring SO2 concentrations on a regular basis so that SO2 remains at safe concentrations <0,201 mg/m3
T-5856
Depok : FKM-UI, 2020
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Ariani; Pembimbing: Ririn Arminsih Wulandari; Penguji: Budi Hartono, Laila Fitria, Margareta Maria Sintorini Moerdjoko, Didik Supriyono
Abstrak:
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Polusi udara akibat urbanisasi dan industrialisasi, termasuk industri semen, merupakan masalah signifikan. Industri semen menjadi sumber polusi industri terbesar ketiga, mengeluarkan lebih dari 500.000 ton SO2, NO2, dan CO per tahun. Nitrogen Dioksida (NO2) adalah gas reaktif yang dapat mengiritasi saluran pernapasan manusia. Di kawasan industri semen Desa Citeureup, aktivitas industri dan lalu lintas padat meningkatkan risiko emisi dan masalah kesehatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Analisis Risiko Kesehatan Lingkungan (ARKL) untuk mengukur kualitas udara di 16 titik pada tiga zona berdasarkan jarak dari sumber pencemar. Sampel udara diambil menggunakan midget impinger selama satu jam dan dianalisis dengan spektrofotometri. Hasil menunjukkan konsentrasi NO2 di bawah baku mutu menurut PP RI No. 22 Tahun 2021, dengan konsentrasi tertinggi di zona 3 (0,0346 mg/m³). Rata-rata waktu pajanan balita adalah 23,02 jam/hari, frekuensi pajanan 350,58 hari/tahun, dan durasi pajanan 2,64 tahun. Nilai tingkat risiko (RQ) real-time adalah
Air pollution due to urbanization and industrialization, including the cement industry, is a significant problem. The cement industry is the third largest source of industrial pollution, emitting more than 500,000 tons of SO2, NO2 and CO per year. Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) is a reactive gas that can irritate the human respiratory tract. In the cement industry area of Citeureup Village, industrial activities and heavy traffic increase the risk of emissions and health problems. This study used the Environmental Health Risk Analysis (EHRA) method to measure air quality at 16 points in three zones based on distance from pollutant sources. Air samples were collected using a midget impinger for one hour and analyzed by spectrophotometry. The results showed that the NO2 concentration was below the quality standard according to PP RI No. 22 of 2021, with the highest concentration in zone 3 (0.0346 mg/m³). The average exposure time of toddlers was 23.02 hours/day, exposure frequency was 350.58 days/year, and exposure duration was 2.64 years. The real-time risk quotient (RQ) value was
T-7106
Depok : FKM UI, 2024
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Lilian Susanti Nova; Pembimbing: Agustin Kusumayati; Penguji: Budi Hartono, Bambang Wispriyono, Miko Hananto, Beben Saiful Bahri
Abstrak:
Tesis ini membahas tentang gambaran kejadian ISPA serta determinan yang mempengaruhinya seperti PM10 suhu, kelembaban, arah dan kecepatan angin, jarak rumah dari industri, ventilasi, kepadatan hunian, asap rokok, intake, umur, jenis kelamin, status gizi, riwayat imunisasi, ASI eksklusif kepada anak balita yang tinggal di Desa Sukadanau Kecamatan Cikarang Barat Kabupaten Bekasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional dengan melakukan analisis data primer, data primer hasil dari wawancara dan pengukuran PM10, suhu, kelembaban, arah dan kecepatan angin pada udara ambien. Dari 13 variabel yang diteliti yang memiliki hubungan yang bermakna adalah ASI Eksklusif terhadap kejadian ISPA pada anak balita dengan nilai p yang mempunyai arti anak balita yang tidak diberikan ASI eksklusif mempunyai peluang untuk mengalami kejadian ISPA 3 kali lebih besar dibandingkan dengan anak balita yang diberikan ASI eksklusif. Berdasarkan penelitian ini disarankan untuk warga yang tinggal di sekitar industry baja untuk dapat meningkatkan imunitas, karena dari hasil penelitian konsentrasi PM10 dari 8 titik yang diukur 37.5 % tidak memenuhi syarat. Dan perlu adanya kerjasama lintas sektor dari Dinas Kesehatan, Dinas Lingkungan Hidup dan Pemerintah Kabupaten Bekasi.
This thesis discusses the description of ARI events and the determinants that influence it, such as PM10 temperature, humidity, wind direction and speed, distance from home from industry, ventilation, occupancy density, cigarette smoke, intake, age, sex, nutritional status, immunization history, breast milk exclusively for children under five living in Sukadanau Village, West Cikarang District, Bekasi Regency. This study uses a cross sectional design by analyzing primary data, primary data from interviews and measurements of PM10, temperature, humidity, direction and wind speed in ambient air. Of the 13 variables studied that have a significant relationship are exclusive breastfeeding for ARI events in children under five with p which means that children under five who are not exclusively breastfed have the opportunity to experience ARI events. 3 times greater compared to children under five who are given exclusive breastfeeding. Based on this research it is recommended for residents who live around the steel industry to be able to increase immunity, because from the results of the study the concentration of PM10 from 8 points measured 37.5% does not meet the requirements. And there needs to be crosssectoral collaboration from the Health Office, the Environmental Office and the Bekasi District Government.
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This thesis discusses the description of ARI events and the determinants that influence it, such as PM10 temperature, humidity, wind direction and speed, distance from home from industry, ventilation, occupancy density, cigarette smoke, intake, age, sex, nutritional status, immunization history, breast milk exclusively for children under five living in Sukadanau Village, West Cikarang District, Bekasi Regency. This study uses a cross sectional design by analyzing primary data, primary data from interviews and measurements of PM10, temperature, humidity, direction and wind speed in ambient air. Of the 13 variables studied that have a significant relationship are exclusive breastfeeding for ARI events in children under five with p which means that children under five who are not exclusively breastfed have the opportunity to experience ARI events. 3 times greater compared to children under five who are given exclusive breastfeeding. Based on this research it is recommended for residents who live around the steel industry to be able to increase immunity, because from the results of the study the concentration of PM10 from 8 points measured 37.5% does not meet the requirements. And there needs to be crosssectoral collaboration from the Health Office, the Environmental Office and the Bekasi District Government.
T-6038
Depok : FKM-UI, 2020
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Maghfira Nadya Salsabila; Pembimbing: Haryoto Kusno Putranto; Penguji: Dewi Susanna, Yulia Fitria Ningrum
Abstrak:
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TPA Cipayung Depok kini sudah mencapai masa overload karena sudah melebihi kapasitas untuk menampung sampah. Timbunan sampah yang terus meningkat di TPA dapat menyebabkan pencemaran lingkungan dan berisiko terhadap kesehatan manusia. Dampak dari pencemaran yang ditimbulkan dari TPA salah satunya adalah penyakit bawaan udara atau airborne disease. Penyakit tersebut disebabkan oleh adanya sampah organik yang membusuk oleh mikroorganisme sehingga menghasilkan gas hidrogen sulfida (H2S) dan gas metana (CH4) yang memiliki sifat toksik bagi tubuh manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat risiko kesehatan yang ditimbulkan oleh pajanan gas hidrogen sulfida terhadap anak-anak yang tinggal di sekitar TPA Cipayung, Kota Depok. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif pendekatan Analisis Risiko Kesehatan Lingkungan (ARKL). Pengukuran konsentrasi H2S dilakukan pada pagi hingga sore hari pada 3 titik lokasi dalam radius kurang dari 1 km dan pengambilan data antropometri serta riwayat kesehatan anak dilakukan dengan wawancara dan kuesioner. Konsentrasi gas H2S tertinggi diperoleh sebesar 0,005 ppm dan terendah sebesar 0,004 ppm. Tingkat risiko untuk pajanan berdasarkan pola aktivitas (aktivitas istirahat, aktivitas ringan, aktivitas sedang, dan aktivitas berat) dan pajanan realtime diperoleh nilai RQ < 1 yang berarti belum memiliki risiko kesehatan terhadap anak-anak. Namun, pada pajanan lifespan diperoleh nilai RQ > 1, yaitu sebesar 1,028 yang berarti anak-anak memiliki risiko terkena efek kesehatan nonkarsinogenik sehingga diperlukan adanya manajemen risiko untuk mengurangi pajanan gas H2S. Riwayat gejala gangguan kesehatan yang berhubungan dengan efek kesehatan akibat pajanan H2S, yaitu ISPA dan iritasi mata diperoleh sebanyak 74 anak (82,2%) mengalami gejala ISPA dan 48 anak (53,3%) mengalami gejala iritasi mata. Hasil analisis Uji Mann-Whitney menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara nilai rata-rata asupan realtime anak-anak yang mengalami gejala ISPA dan gejala iritasi mata dengan anak yang tidak mengalami gejala tersebut. Meskipun paparan H2S belum berisiko dalam jangka pendek, diperlukan manajemen risiko untuk mengurangi paparan H2S di masa depan. Hal ini dapat dilakukan dengan meningkatkan pengelolaan TPA, seperti pengolahan sampah secara modern, serta menanam pohon atau tanaman yang dapat menyerap H2S.
Cipayung Landfill in Depok has now reached an overload period because it has exceeded its capacity to accommodate waste. The ever-increasing accumulation of waste in landfills can cause environmental pollution and pose a risk to human health. One of the impacts of pollution resulting from landfills is airborne disease. This disease is caused by organic waste rotting by microorganisms, producing hydrogen sulfide gas (H2S) and methane gas (CH4) which are toxic to the human body. This study aims to determine the level of health risks posed by exposure to hydrogen sulfide gas in children living around the Cipayung TPA, Depok City. This research uses a quantitative method, Environmental Health Risk Analysis (EHRA) approach. H2S concentration measurements were carried out from morning to evening at 3 location points within a radius of less than 1 km and anthropometric data and the child's health history were collected using interviews and questionnaires. The highest concentration of H2S gas was 0.005 ppm and the lowest was 0.004 ppm. The risk level for exposure based on activity patterns (rest activity, light activity, moderate activity and heavy activity) and real-time exposure obtained an RQ value < 1, which means there is no health risk to children. However, for lifespan exposure, an RQ value > 1 of 1.028 was obtained, which means that children are at risk of developing non-carcinogenic health effects, so risk management is needed to reduce exposure to H2S gas. A history of symptoms of health problems related to health effects due to H2S exposure, acute respiratory infections (ARI) and eye irritation, was obtained from 74 children (82.2%) experiencing symptoms of ARI and 48 children (53.3%) experiencing symptoms of eye irritation. The results of the Mann-Whitney Test analysis showed that there was no significant difference between the average real-time intake value of children who experienced ARI symptoms and eye irritation symptoms and children who did not experience these symptoms. Although exposure to H2S is not yet a risk in the short term, risk management is needed to reduce exposure to H2S in the future. This can be done by improving landfill management, such as modern waste processing, as well as planting trees or plants that can absorb H2S.
S-11706
Depok : FKM UI, 2024
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Agus Sudarman; Pembimbing: Budi Hartono; Penguji: Abdur Rahman, Laila Fitria, Ali Isha Whardana, Carolina Rusdy Akib
T-4527
Depok : FKM UI, 2015
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Agus Sudarman; Pembimbing: Budi Hartono; Penguji: Abdul Rahman, Laila Fitria, Ali Isha Whardana, Carolina Rusdy Akib
T-4529
Depok : FKM UI, 2015
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Ariny Rosyada Azmy; Pembimbing: Ririn Arminsih Wulandari; Penguji: Laila Fitria, Budi Hartono, Lora Agustina, Wawan Wahyudi
Abstrak:
Pembakaran batu bara di pembangkit listrik menghasilkan polutan yang salah satunya sulfur dioksida. Sulfur dioksida dapat menyebabkan batuk, sakit tenggorokan, mengi, sesak napas, sesak dada hingga menyebabkan edema, bronkopasme, dan pneumonitis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengestimasi besaran risiko kesehatan pada pekerja akibat pajanan konsentrasi SO2 pada pekerja di PLTU Suralaya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Analisis Risiko Kesehatan Lingkungan (ARKL). Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 75 pekerja yang diambil secara purposive sampling. Hasil pengukuran sulfur dioksida rata-rata di empat titik sebesar 0.0335 mg/m 3 dan masih dibawah baku mutu. Hal penelitian ini menunjukkan nilai intake dari pajanan SO2 pada pekerja didapatkan nilai rata-rata sebesar 0.00047 mg/kg/hari sedangkan nilai besaran risiko yang didapatkan sebesar 0.0187 yang artinya tingkat risiko pada pekerja masuk ke dalam kelompok aman. Hasil proyeksi terhadap tingkat risiko pada tahun ke 5 hingga tahun ke 30 mengalami peningkatan. Pekerja juga mengalami gejala gangguan pernapasan diantaranya batuk, dahak, sesak napas, mengi, nyeri dada, dan napas berat. Pentingnya upaya preventif pada pekerja di PLTU agar dapat meminimalisir pajanan SO2 dengan menggunakan APD serta pihak PLTU dapat mengembangkan teknologi modern agar meminimalisir polutan akibat pembaran batu bara
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T-6435
Depok : FKM-UI, 2022
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Alvia Hamastia Rachman; Pembimbing: Ema Hermawati; Penguji: Budi Hartono, Satria Pratama
S-9671
Depok : FKM-UI, 2018
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Eva Kasih Sembiring; Pembimbing: Laila Fitria; Penguji: Bambang Wispriyono, Ema Hermawati, Syafran Arrazy, Slamet Isworo
Abstrak:
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Sungai Cilemahabang merupakan sungai yang terdapat di Kabupaten Bekasi yang mengalir dari Cikarang bagian Selatan menuju Cikarang bagian Utara yang menjadi lokasi penelitian. Cikarang dikenal sebagai Kota industri terbesar di Asia Tenggara, dengan berkembangnya industri dan bertambahnya jumlah penduduk, sungai Cilemahabang terindikasi adanya pencemaran, sebagaimana hasil dari survey awal yang menunjukkan adanya konsentrasi merkuri dalam air sungai. Mengingat potensi bahaya kesehatan dari pajanan merkuri sehingga dilakukan penelitian yang dapat menganalisis risiko kesehatan terhadap masyarakat melalui air tanah (sumur) yang dikonsumsi masyarakat di sekitar wilayah aliran sungai Cilemahabang Desa Waluya dan Desa Karangraharja Kecamatan Cikarang Utara. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Analisis Risiko Kesehatan Lingkungan (ARKL) dengan sampel subjek sebanyak 110 orang melalui kuesioner dan sampel lingkungan yaitu air tanah (sumur) sebanyak 8 sampel dianalisis di laboratorium. Selain itu, dilakukan pengambilan sampel air sungai pada bagian hulu, tengah dan hilir Sungai Cilemamahabang untuk melihat pola distribusi di lingkungan. Hasil laboratorium menunjukkan bahwa terdapat konsentrasi merkuri pada air tanah (sumur) sebesar 0,0027 mg/l yang telah melebih nilai baku mutu berdasarkan Permenkes Nomor 2 Tahun 2023 pada air minum dan konsentrasi merkuri pada air sungai juga telah melebihi nilai baku mutu berdasarkan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 22 Tahun 2021. Nilai Risk Quetient (RQ) secara realtime pada masyarakat masih dinyatakan tidak berisiko dengan RQ≤1, namun setelah diproyeksikan hingga 40 tahun kedepan, dinyatakan berisiko dengan nilai RQ>1. Sedangkan untuk RQ individu, terdapat 15% yang sudah berisiko. Sehingga tetap perlu dilakukan pengelolaan risiko untuk meminimalisir dampak kesehatan masyarakat jangka panjang.
Cilemahabang River is a river in Bekasi Regency that flows from the southern part of Cikarang to the northern part of Cikarang, the research location. Cikarang is known as the largest industrial city in Southeast Asia. With industrial development and population growth, the Cilemahabang River has become polluted, and the initial survey results revealed elevated concentrations of mercury in the river water. Considering the potential health hazards of mercury exposure, this study was conducted to analyze the health risks to the community through groundwater (well water) consumed by residents living near the Cilemahabang River Basin in Waluya Village and Karangraharja Village, North Cikarang District. This study used the ARKL method with a subject sample of 110 people through a questionnaire and environmental samples, namely groundwater (well) as many as 8 samples analyzed in the laboratory. In addition, river water samples were taken at the upstream, middle, and downstream of the Cilemamahabang River to see the environmental distribution pattern. Laboratory results show that there is a mercury concentration in groundwater (wells) of 0.0027 mg/l, which has exceeded the quality standard value based on Permenkes Nomor 2 Tahun 2023 in drinking water, and the mercury concentration in river water has also exceeded the quality standard value based on PP Nomor 22 Tahun 2021. The real-time Risk Quetient (RQ) value in the community is still declared not at risk with RQ≤1, but after being projected for the next 40 years, it is stated at risk with an RQ>1 value. As for the individual RQ, 15% are already at risk. So, it is still necessary to carry out risk management to minimize long-term public health impacts.
T-7269
Depok : FKM-UI, 2025
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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