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Latar belakang: Prevalensi hipertensi semakin meningkat, demikian pula bipertensi derajat 2 yang paling tinggi risikonya berkornplikasi. Pegawai negeri sipil (PNS) juga rentan menderita hipertensi. Oleh karena itu perlu diidentifikasi faktor-faktor risiko apa saja yang berperan terhadap kejadian hipertensi derajat 2 di kalangan PNS. Metode: Desain penelitian ini adalah kasus kontrol. Kasus adalah PNS yang menderita hipertensi derajat 2 (berdasarlam mc 7 2003), sedangkan kontrol adaIah mereka yang nonnatensi. Baik kasus, maupun kontrol dipilih dengan metode diagnostik yang sarana. Penelitian dilaksanakan di kalangan PNS staf administrasi Universitas Hasanuddin pada bulan April-Mei 2007 dengan jumlah PNS 850. Hasil:, Diperoleh 55 kasus dan 177 kontrol berusia 26-69 tahun. Prevalensi hipertensi derajat I dan derajat 2 masing-masing sebesar 18,1 % dan 9,3%. Risiko hipertensi derajat 2 berhubungan dengan umur , indeks massa tubuh dan aktivitas olah raga. Sedangkan jenis, kelamin, tingkat pendidikan terakhir, status pernikahan, kegiatan fisik rumah hingga kebiasaan merokok dan minum kopi, golongan kepegawaian, mesa kerja, Riwayat hipertensi dalam keluarga dan stres kerja tidak terbukti berkaitan dengan hipertensi derajat 2. Jika dibandingkan yang berusia 26-35 tahun, mereka yang berusia 46-50 dan 51-69 tahun berisiko menderita hipertensi derajat 2 masing-masing 12 kaIi (rasio odds [OR) suaian ; 11,94; 95% intetval kepercayaan [IK) ; 1,48-96,11) dan 22 kali (OR; 21,16; 95% IK ; 2,58-183,81). Selanjutnya jika dibandingkan mereka yang berbadan normal maka yang obesitas beosiko terkena hipertensi derajat 2 sebesar 2,5 kali (OR. suaion ~ 2,52; 95% IK ~ 1,26-5,03). Sedangkan olah raga dengan intensitas sedang dapat memperkecil risiko hipertensi sebesar 11% (OR suaian ; 0,29; 95% IK = O,O9-{l,99) dibandingkan yang tidak berolahraga. Kesimpulan: Studi menyimpulkan bahwa faktor yang betperan terhadap hipertensi derajat 2 pada PNS administrasi di Unhas adalah umur diatas 46 tahun dan obesitas sedangkan olah raga sedang dapat menurunkan fisika hipertensi.
Background: At the present, the prevalence of hypertension is increasing and will result in many complications. Civil servants are 8 group with a great possibility of suffering hypertension. Therefore, it is important to identify the risk factors in stage 2 hypertension of administrative civil servants of Hasanuddin University. Methods: A case-control study was conducted among administrative civil servants of Hasanuddin University in April-May 2007. Civil servants with stage 2 hypertension (based on JNC 7 2003) were designated as cases. As controls were civil "wants with normotension. Both case and control were selected by similar diagnostic methods. Results: There were 55 cases and 1 n controls aged 26 to 69 years old. The prevalence of stage 1 and stage 2 hypertension was 18.1% and 9.3%, respectively. Stage 2 hypertension was found to be associated with age, body posture, and physical exercise. other risk factors such as gender, education, marital status, physical activity at home, smoking, daily coffee drinking, level of employment, length of employment, family history of hypertension, and job stress were not found to be related to stage 2 hypertension. Compared with subjects aged 26-35 years old, those who were 46-50 and 51-69 years old had 12-f,,1d (adjusted Odds Ratio [OR.] ~ 11.94; Confidence Interval [CI] 95% = 1.4&-96.11) and 22-fuld (OR,. 21.76; CJ 95% = 2.58-183.81) greater risk to be stage 2 hypertension. Moreover, compared to subjects with normal body posture, those Who were obese had more than 2.S-fold increased in the risk to be stage 2 hypertension. On the other hand, moderate exercise reduced the risk of stage 2 hypertension by 71% (OR,. 0.29; C195% = 0.09-{).99), compared with sedentary subjects. Conclusion: This study concluded that special attention should be taken to administrative civil servants aged 46 years and over, obese, and with moderate exercise to prevent stage 2 hypertension.
TB paru masih menjadi masalah kesehatan utama di dunia termasuk di Indonesia sebagai salah satu negara dengan prevalensi TB paru yang tinggi. Menurut hasil Riskesdas 2007 prevalensi TB paru di Indonesia sebesar 400/100.000 penduduk sedangkan hasil Riskesdas 2010 sebesar 725/100.000 penduduk begitupun di Sumatera. Selain adanya sumber penular, kejadian TB paru juga dipengaruhi oleh faktor lingkungan rumah (ventilasi, pencahayaan, lantai serta kepadatan hunian rumah). Rendahnya persentase rumah sehat diduga ikut memperbesar penularan TB paru di Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah hubungan kondisi lingkungan fisik rumah dengan kejadian TB paru di Sumatera berbeda berdasarkan faktor umur, jenis kelamin dan daerah tempat tinggal. Penelitian ini menggunakan disain studi potong lintang dengan sampel penelitian penduduk yang berumur diatas 15 tahun di Sumatera yang berjumlah 38.419 responden. Penderita TB paru didapatkan berdasarkan diagnosis tenaga kesehatan melalui pemeriksaan dahak atau rongten paru. Dari hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa faktor lingkungan fisik rumah yang berisiko terhadap kejadian TB paru di Sumatera adalah ventilasi rumah PR 1,314 (90% CI:1,034-1,670), pencahayaan PR 1,564 (90% CI:1,223-2,000) dan kepadatan hunian PR 1,029 (90% CI:0,798-1,327). Dari model akhir didapatkan bahwa hubungan lingkungan fisik rumah dengan kejadian TB paru di Sumatera berbeda signifikan berdasarkan faktor umur dan jenis kelamin.
Pulmonary tuberculosis is still a major health problem in the world, including in Indonesia as a country with a high prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis. According to the basic medical research in 2007 obtained prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Indonesia for 400/100.000 population while the results in 2010 for 725/100.000 population as did the population in Sumatera. In addition to the transmitting source, the occurence of pulmonary tuberculosis is also influenced by house environmental factors (ventilation, lighting, flooring and density of residential houses). The low percentage of healthy homes contribute to the transmission of suspected pulmonary tuberculosis in Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the association of physical environmental conditions of the house with the occurence of pulmonary tuberculosis different by factors age, sex and area of residence in Sumatera. This study uses a cross-sectional study design with a sample of the study population over the age of 15 years in Sumatera, which amounted to 38,419 respondents. Patients with pulmonary tuberculosis diagnosis obtained by health professionals through the examination of sputum or lung rongten. From the research found that the factor of the physical environment the home is at risk on the occurence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Sumatera is ventilated house PR 1.314 (90% CI :1.034,1.670), lighting PR 1.564 (90% CI :1.223,2.000) and the density of residential PR 1.029 (90% CI :0.798,1.327). From the final model was found that the relationship of the physical environment house with pulmonary tuberculosis occurence in Sumatera different significantly by age and gender.
