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Influenza is one of the ARI diseases that receives attention because it can cause outbreaks. In Indonesia, influenza positivity rate reached 40.3%, where the identified viruses are virus A (subtype H1N1Pdm09 and AH3) and virus B (subtype Victoria). The purpose of this study is to determine the factors that influence the incidence of Influenza A and B in DKI Jakarta in 2021-2022. Cross sectional study and cox regression analysis estimating the Prevalence Ratio (PR) value were conducted by utilizing secondary data of Influenza Like Illness surveillance in DKI Jakarta in 2021-2022. The results showed that the prevalence of positive Influenza was 27.8%. The results of multivariate analysis showed that the risk factors associated with influenza A and B were age>5-64 years had a PR of 0.51 times (p-value = 0.006; 95% CI = 0.31 - 0.82), contact with sick people had a PR of 2.27 times (p-value = <0.001; 95% CI = 1.45 - 3.56), and the rainy season had a PR of 3.26 times (p-value = <0.001; 95% CI = 1.68 - 6.33) of influenza A and B infection. The rainy season is the dominant factor influencing the incidence of influenza A and B in DKI Jakarta in 2021-2022.
Background: There have been four times of Influenza pandemic with high transmission, high morbidity and mortality in history. Up to the end of 2016 there were 11% of Influenza positive cases in Indonesia. Influenza severity in Severe Acute Respiratory Infections (SARI) is unknown. Objectives: This study aims to determine the severity of Influenza based on secondary data of Influenza surveillance at Sentinel Hospital in East Jakarta 2011-2014 Ministry of Health RI. Method: This study used cross sectional study design using secondary data of Influenza surveillance at 6 (six) Sentinel hospitals in East Jakarta from September 2011 to August 2014. Respondents coming from inpatients with positive Influenza by RT-PCR in sentinel hospital. Severity assessed by length of stay (>4 days), admission to HCU/ICU chambers and use of mechanical ventilators. Independent variables in this research were age, sex, occupation, respiratory disease, chronic disease, contact household with fever and cough/sore throat, time to seek treatment, cigarette status, season and type of Influenza. The analysis used Cox Regression to estimates Prevalence Ratio (PR). Results: There were 571 cases of positive Influenza with 259 Severe Influenza and 312 Moderate Influenza. The results of a multivariate analysis using Cox Regression analysis revealed that risk factors associated with severe influenza ≥65 years had Prevalence Ratio of 1,63 times (p value = 0,025, 95% CI = 1,065-2,506) had Severe Influenza than in 5-64 years. In addition, other risk factors were affected by Influenza during the rainy season (PR = 1.59, 95% CI = 1,061-2,398) and treatment time ≤3 days (PR = 1,43; 95% CI = 1,121-1,841). Conclusion: This study concluded that factors associated with Influenza severity in SARI patients at Sentinel hospital in East Jakarta were age, season and time to seek treatment. Keywords: Influenza severity, risk factor, SARI, sentinel hospital.
Avian influenza pertama kali menyerang manusia dilaporkan di Hong Kong pada tahun 1997. di Indonesia, penyakit ini pertamakali ditemukantezjadi pada unggas di Pekalongan dan Tangerang pada Agustus 2003, dan kasus pada manusia pertama di Indonesia teljadi di bulan Juli 2005 di Kabupaten Tangerang. Berdasarkan laporan Departemen Kesehatanke WHO, sampai tanggal 31 Januari 2008 tercacat ada 124 kasus confirmed avian influenza dan I 01 kematian akibat avian influenza, atau sekitar 35% kasus dari total kasus di dunia dan 45% dari total kematian akibat avian influenza di dunia. Angka ini adalah angka tertinggi di dunia. Daritotal kasus yang ada di Indonesia, 67,7% kasus berada di DKI Jakarta, Jawa Barat dan Banten. Selama ini yang dianggap deterrninan terjadinya avian influenza adalah kontak dengan unggas atau perilaku kondisi tertentu yang berhubungan dengan unggas, namun temuan ilmiah yang menunjukkan hal tersebut masih sangat terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui deterrninan yang berhubungan dengan kejadian avian influenza di wilayah DKI Jakarta, Jawa Barat dan Banten. Jenis penelitian ini adalah analitik dengan menggunakan metode kasus kontrol. Data primer dikumpulkan dengan melakukan wawancara terhadap responden. Sedangkan data sekunder diambil dari Depkes/DinasKesehatan Propinsil Dinas Kesehatan Propinsi Kahupaten di mana terdapat kasus avian influenza. Sampel seluruhnya berjumlah 201 orang dengan perhandingan kasus dengan kontrol adalah 1:2. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji multiplelogistic regression. Hasil analisis diperolehhubunganyang signifikanantaraumurdengankejadianavianinfluenza setelah dikontrol kontak dengan unggas dan pekerjaan, nilaip value 0.000, OR 20.117, 95% CI 7.731-52.345. Variabel kontak dengan unggas juga berhubungan dengankejadian avian influenza, p value 0.014, OR 9.060, 95% CI 1.571-52.249, setelah dikontrololeh umur dan pekeijaan. Variabel pekerjaan juga berhubungan dengan kejadian avian influenza, pvalue 0.041, OR 3.818, 95% CI 1.059-13.767, setelah dikontrol umur dan kontak dengan unggas. Dari penelitian ini disarankan perlunya rancangan program pencegahan avian influenza dalam bentuk peraturan daerah (perda) yang implementatif dan secara jelas mengatur keterlibatan berbagai sektor, Pengawasan yang ketal terhadap sistem peternakan dimasyarakat dan mengintensifkan pelaksanaan vaksinasi terutama pada peternakan sektor4, adanya penelitian lanjutan, perlunya peningkatan pengetahuan tentang avian influenza di masyarakat dan penerapkan pola peternakan dan lingkungan yang sehat.
The first documentedavian influenza cases in humans originatedin Hong Kong in 1997. In Indonesia, avian influenza cases for the first time documented inpoultryin Pekalongan and Tangerang in August 2003, and in humans cases on July 2005 in Tangerang district Based on reported of Ministry of Health to WHO until on 31 Januari 2008, there were 124 conflrnled avian influenza cases and I 01 died because of avian influenza, or around 35% and 45% cases in the world died because of avian influenza, This is the higher number in the world. Cases total in Indonesia,67.7%casesarein DKI Jakarta,Jawa Barat and Banten province. During a day, contact with poultry is assumed as determinant of avian influenza disease, however study about this condition is very limited. The purpose of study is to understand about determinant of avian influenza disease in DKI Jakarta, Jawa Barat and Banten province, 2006-2008. Study desain is analysis with case control method. Primary data was collected by interview respondent. Secondary data taken by Ministry of Health Health Service Province/Health Service District where reported avian influenza cases. The total sample were 201 responden with comparison among case and control is I :2. Data analysis using multiple logistic regression analysis. Results study finding association between an age and avian influenza disease after controled by contact with poultry andoccupation, pvalue0.000, OR20.117, 95%CI7.731-52.345. Contact with poultry variabe1 also related with avian influenza disease, p value 0.014, OR 9.060, 95% CI 1.571-52.249, after contro1ed by an age and occupation. Occupation variabe1 also related with avian influenza disease, p value 0.041, OR 3.818, 95% CI 1.059-13.767, after controled by an age and contact with poultry. This research recomended to government to make rule (in order to protect community from disease), quality control of backyard, other research in the future and improvement of community knowledge about health environment.
tujuan: penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting pada balita 6-59 bulan di provinsi dki jakarta tahun 2016.
metode: penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain studi cross-sectional ini menggunakan data sekunder yaitu data pemantauan status gizi 2016. penelitian ini menggunakan sampel sejumlah 1562 balita untuk menganalisis 10 faktor risiko stunting.
hasil: penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi stunting dalam penelitian ini sebesar 21.1%. hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa faktor yang berhubungan secara bermakna dengan kejadian stunting diantaranya adalah usia balita (por = 1.62, 95% ci = 1.23-2.12), jumlah balita dalam rumah tangga (por = 3.24, 95% ci = 1.08-9.71), dan pendidikan ibu (por = 1.52, 95% ci = 1.18-1.95).
kesimpulan: prevalensi stunting di provinsi dki jakarta dalam penelitian ini masih diatas 20% dan hanya ada tiga faktor risiko yang memiliki hubungan signifikan secara statistik dengan kejadian stunting.
kata kunci : stunting, gizi, balita.
Kata Kunci: Pre hipertensi, Hipertensi, Faktor Risiko
Tuberkulosis (TBC) masih menjadi ancaman kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia
yang merupakan negara dengan kasus TBC tertinggi kedua di dunia. Tahun 2023 di DKI Jakarta terjadi peningkatan insiden TBC sebesar 31,75% dibandingkan tahun sebelumnya dan bahkan melebihi target insiden 2023 yang ditetapkan (>54.175 kasus). Penelitian ini merupakan studi cross-sectional yang memanfaatkan data Sistem Informasi Tuberkulosis Komunitas (SITK), dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian TBC paru di Provinsi DKI Jakarta tahun 2022-2023. Sampel penelitian adalah seluruh kontak terduga TBC di Provinsi DKI Jakarta tahun 2022-2023 yang memiliki hasil pemeriksaan TBC. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan lansia (PR = 1,56; 95% CI: 1,473–1,653), laki-laki (PR = 1,37; 95% CI: 1,314–1,441), perokok (PR = 1,28; 95% CI: 1,206–1,367), penderita DM (PR = 1,85; 95% CI: 1,585–2,171), dan pengobatan TBC tidak tuntas (PR = 2,24; 95% CI: 2,121–2,365) merupakan faktor risiko yang signifikan terhadap kejadian TBC paru. Sementara itu kontak serumah (PR = 0,6; 95% CI: 0,538–0,678) memiliki hubungan signifikan yang bersifat protektif terhadap kejadian TBC paru. Sosialisasi upaya berhenti/mengurangi rokok, penyuluhan pencegahan TBC kepada lansia dan penderita DM serta pendampingan pengobatan pasien TBC merupakan upaya yang dapat mencegah terjadinya insiden TBC paru di DKI Jakarta.
Tuberculosis is a major public health threat in Indonesia, which is the second-highest TB burdened country in the world. In 2023, the incidence of TB in Jakarta increased by 31.75% compared to the previous year and even exceeded the 2023 incidence target (>54,175 cases). This study is a cross-sectional study utilizing data from the Community Tuberculosis Information System (SITK), aimed at identifying risk factors associated with pulmonary TB cases in Jakarta Province from 2022 to 2023. The study sample consisted of all suspected TB contacts in Jakarta Province from 2022 to 2023 who had undergone TB testing. The study results showed that older adults (PR = 1.56; 95% CI: 1.473–1.653), males (PR = 1.37; 95% CI: 1.314–1.441), smokers (PR = 1,28; 95% CI: 1,206–1,367), DM patients (PR = 1.85; 95% CI: 1.585–2.171), and incomplete TB treatment (PR = 2.24; 95% CI: 2.121–2.365) were significant risk factors for pulmonary TB incidence. Meanwhile, household contacts (PR = 0.6; 95% CI: 0.538–0.678) have a significant protective association with the occurrence of pulmonary TB. Efforts to promote smoking cessation/reduction, TB prevention education for the elderly and DM patients, and patient accompaniment during TB treatment are measures that can prevent the occurrence of pulmonary TB in Jakarta.
Kata Kunci : Hipertensi, Faktor Risiko, Perempuan Usia Menopause
There are an estimated 120 million cases of pneumonia every year worldwide, resultingin as many as 1.3 million deaths. Every year pneumonia is always ranked as the leadingcause of death of infants and toddlers in Indonesia. This study aims to determine thefactors associated with the incidence of pneumonia in infants (12-59 months) in DKIJakarta Province. The study used secondary data from Riskesdas 2018. The researchdesign used was cross sectional. The results showed the proportion of the incidence ofpneumonia in toddlers was 5.7%. There is no statistically significant relationship betweentoddler characteristics and mother characteristics with the incidence of pneumonia. Theproportion of pneumonia is higher in toddlers aged 25-59 months (OR = 1.852), male(OR = 1.2), complete measles immunization status (OR = 1,448), complete DPT-HB-HiBimmunization status (OR = 1.069), complete vitamin A status (OR = 1.189), and havehighly educated mothers (OR = 1.779). Therefore it is necessary to develop a pneumoniaprevention program for toddlers based on these risk factors, as well as counseling to thecommunity especially mothers and other closest people who is taking care of toddlersabout the symptoms and prevention of pneumoniaKey words:Pneumonia, toddlers, DKI Jakarta.
