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Dessi Marantika Nilam Sari; Pembimbing: Mondastri Korib Sudaryo; Penguji: Syahrizal, Helwiah Umniyati, Suyono
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Kurangnya kepatuhan terhadap pengobatan menjadi faktor risiko munculnya jenis HIV yang resisten terhadap obat, yang dapat ditularkan kepada orang lain. Kepatuhan terhadap pengobatan yang buruk tidak hanya membahayakan kesehatan individu tetapi juga meningkatkan penularan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengamati faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan terjadinya ketidakpatuhan minum obat ARV pada ODHIV yang mendapatkan terapi ARV di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Kabupaten Tangerang. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian observasional dengan rancangan cross sectional. Penelitian dilakukan di poli HIV Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Kabupaten Tangerang dan waktu penelitian dilakukan pada bulan November 2023 menggunakan data sekunder. Populasi penelitian berjumlah 1.337 ODHIV yang aktif menjalani pengobatan antiretroviral di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Kabupaten Tangerang dengan menggunakan total sampling sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi sehingga sampel penelitian berjumlah 1.286 ODHIV. Hasil analisis univariat menunjukan bahwa usia ≥ 35 tahun (56,45), laki-laki (61,20%), pendidikan rendah (87,10%), belum kawin atau cerai (51,92%), domisili dalam kabupaten Tangerang (55,88%), mendapatkan konseling kepatuhan (63,73%), memiliki jaminan kesehatan (51,92%), ≥5km akses layanan kesehatan (54,07%), IO non TB (40,90%), stadium lanjut (63,69%), viral load ≥40 mL (46,73%), tidak ada efek samping obat (53,34%), lamanya pengobatan >5 tahun (72,01%), masuk kedalam populasi kunci (88,01%) dan tidak mendapat dukungan (61,12%). Hasil analisis kai kuadrat secara statistik ada hubungan antara umur, jenis kelamin, status pendidikan, status perkawinan, domisili, pelayanan konseling kepatuhan, stadium klinis WHO, viral load, lamanya pengobatan ARV, kelompok populasi kunci dan dukungan teman sebaya (P-Value<0,05) dengan ketidakpatuhan minum obat ARV. Hasil analisis cox regression dengan faktor yang secara statistik berhubungan terhadap ketidakpatuhan minum obat antiretroviral pada ODHIV adalah umur (P-Value=0,01) nilai PR 1,20 dengan 95% CI (1,05-1,38), status perkawinan (P-Value=0,02) nilai PR 1,18 dengan 95% CI (1,03-1,36), domisili (P-Value=0,01) nilai PR 1,19 dengan 95% CI (1,04-1,36), viral load (P-Value=0,001) nilai PR 1,27 dengan 95% CI (1,10-1,43), lamanya pengobatan ARV (P-Value=0,005) nilai PR 1,25 dengan 95% CI (1,07-1,47), kelompok populasi kunci (P-Value=0,02) nilai PR 1,27 dengan 95% CI (1,04-1,56), dukungan teman sebaya (P-Value=0,04) nilai PR 1,15 dengan 95% CI (1,00-1,32). Faktor umur, status perkawinan, domisili, viral load, lamanya pengobatan, kelompok populasi kunci dan dukungan teman sebaya memiliki pengaruh terhadap ketidakpatuhan minum obat antiretroviral (ARV) pada ODHIV di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Kabupaten Tangerang.
Lack of treatment adherence becomes a risk factor for the emergence of drug-resistant strains of HIV, which can be transmitted to others. Poor adherence to treatment harms the individual’s health and increases the risk of transmission. This study aims to observe the factors associated with the occurrence of non-adherence to taking ARV drugs in PLHIV who receive ARV therapy at the Regional General Hospital of Tangerang Regency. This type of study uses observational research with a cross-sectional design. The study was conducted at the HIV Specialist of the Regional Govern Hospital of Tangerang Regency and the time of the study was carried out in November 2023 using secondary data. The study population amounted to 1,337 PLHIV who were actively undergoing antiretroviral treatment at the Regional General Hospital of Tangerang Regency using total sampling by inclusion and exclusion criteria so that the study sample amounted to 1,286 PLHIV. The results of the univariate analysis showed that the age of ≥ 35 years (56.45), male (61.20%), low education (87.10%), unmarried or divorced (51.92%), domiciled in Tangerang district (55.88%), received compliance counselling (63.73%), had health insurance (51.92%), ≥5km of health service access area (54.07%), non-TB IO (40.90%), advanced stage (63.69%), viral load ≥40 mL (46.73%), no drug side effects (53.34%), duration of treatment ≥5 years (72.01%), entered into key populations (88.01%) and received no support (61.12%). The results of the kai squared analysis statistically showed there was an association between age, sex, educational status, marital status, domicile, adherence to counselling services, WHO clinical stage, viral load, duration of ARV treatment, key population groups and peer support (P-Value<0.05) with non-adherence to taking ARV drugs. The results of Cox Regression analysis with factors statistically related to non-adherence to taking antiretroviral drugs in ODHIV were age (P-Value = 0.01), PR value 1.20 with 95% CI (1.05-1.38), marital status (P-Value = 0.02), PR value 1.18 with 95% CI (1.03-1.36), domicile (P-Value = 0.01), PR value 1.19 with 95% CI (1.04-1.36), viral load (P-Value = 0.001), PR value 1.27 with 95% CI (1.10-1.43), duration of ARV treatment (P-Value = 0.005), PR value 1.25 with 95% CI (1.07-1.47), key population group (P-Value = 0.02), PR value 1.27 with 95% CI (1.04-1.56), peer support (P-Value = 0.04), PR value 1.15 with 95% CI (1.00-1.32). Factors such as age, marital status, domicile, viral load, duration of treatment, key population groups and peer support have an influence on non-adherence to taking antiretroviral drugs (ARV) in PLHIV at the Regional General Hospital of Tangerang Regency.
T-6876
Depok : FKM-UI, 2024
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Reynold R.Ubra; Pembimbing: Syahrizal Syarif, Tri Yunis Miko Wahyonp; Penguji: Victoria Indrawati, Aang Sutrisna
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Tantangan pengobatan ARV adalah kepatuhan. Kepatuhan pengobatan ARV di Kabupaten Mimika menurun dari 84.3% pada tahun 2009 menjadi 62% pada tahun 2011. Berdasarkan fakta ini dilakukan penelitian cross sectional agar diketahui faktor yang berhubungan dengan kepatuhan pengobatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kepatuhan ≥ 80% : 44.59% dan kepatuhan < 80% : 55.41%. Hasil uji regresi logistik menunjukan bahwa pasien berpendidikan tinggi lebih patuh dari berpendidikan rendah, pasien tidak bekerja lebih patuh dari pasien yang bekerja, Pasien bukan suku Papua lebih patuh dari pasien suku Papua dan pasien yang mendapat dukungan keluarga lebih patuh dari pasien yang tidak mendapat dukungan keluarga.
ARV treatment is compliance challenges. ARV treatment adherence in Mimika District decreased from 84.3% in 2009 to 62% in 2011. This fact-based cross sectional study carried out in order to know the factors related to medication adherence. The results showed that compliance ≥ 80%: 44.59% and adherence <80%: 55.41%. The results of logistic regression test showed that highly educated patients had better adherence than less educated, not working more adherent patients than patients who work, not the tribe of Papua patients more adherent than patients Papuan tribal and family support for patients who received more adherent than patients who did not receive family support.
T-3604
Depok : FKM-UI, 2012
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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M.Fadillah Mulya ; Pembimbing: Tri Yunis Miko Wahyono; Penguji: Renti Mahkota, Hidayat Nuh Ghazali Djadjuli, Della Ariyani
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis karakteristik pasien HIV/AIDS yang menjalani terapi antiretroviral (ARV), menggambarkan ketahanan hidup berdasarkan analisis survival, serta mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan risiko kematian dan menentukan faktor yang paling dominan di RSUD Provinsi Banten periode 2021–2024. Dari 262 pasien yang diikutsertakan, sebanyak 87 pasien (33,2%) meninggal selama masa follow-up. Analisis Kaplan–Meier menunjukkan ketahanan hidup yang lebih rendah pada pasien dengan CD4 <200 sel/mm³, infeksi oportunistik, dan stadium penyakit lanjut. Pada analisis multivariat menggunakan regresi Cox proportional hazards, CD4 <200 sel/mm³ (aHR = 17,02; IK95%: 3,17–91,27) dan infeksi oportunistik (aHR = 2,11; IK95%: 1,06–4,18) berhubungan secara independen dengan peningkatan risiko kematian. Disimpulkan bahwa CD4 rendah merupakan faktor paling dominan, sehingga deteksi dini, inisiasi ARV tepat waktu, serta pencegahan dan penatalaksanaan infeksi oportunistik perlu menjadi prioritas dalam upaya menurunkan mortalitas HIV di Provinsi Banten.
This study aimed to identify factors associated with mortality among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) at a referral hospital in Banten Province during 2021–2024. A retrospective cohort study was conducted using medical records and the SIHA 2.1 database, including 262 patients. Survival analysis was performed using Kaplan–Meier methods and Log-Rank tests, followed by multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression. During follow-up, 87 patients (33.2%) died. Kaplan–Meier curves demonstrated significantly lower survival among patients with CD4 counts <200 cells/mm³ and opportunistic infections. In the adjusted model, CD4 <200 cells/mm³ (aHR = 17.02; 95% CI: 3.17–91.27) and opportunistic infections (aHR = 2.11; 95% CI: 1.06–4.18) were independently associated with increased mortality risk. Low CD4 count was the strongest predictor of death. These findings emphasize the need for early HIV diagnosis, timely ART initiation, and optimal management of opportunistic infections to reduce HIV-related mortality.
T-7490
Depok : FKM-UI, 2026
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Sonya Audrelianti Rizal; Pembimbing: Tri Yunis Miko Wahyono; Penguji: Putri Bungsu, Haridana Indah Setiawati Mahdi
Abstrak:
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) merupakan jenis retrovirus yang menginfeksi dan merusak sel imun dalam tubuh penderita. Virus ini menyerang dan bermultiplikasi pada sel limfosit CD4 hingga melemahkan dan menghancurkan sistem imun tersebut. HIV yang tidak tertangani akan menyebabkan AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) yang menyebabkan tuberculosis, diabetes melitus, dan kanker. Menurut Kementerian Kesehatan RI pada tahun 2022 terdapat 90.956 kasus HIV dengan 28.501 kasus kematian. Kanker merupakan penyakit yang umum terjadi pada pasien HIV dimana pasien HIV 50-200 kali lebih tinggi dibandingkan individu yang sehat sehingga muncul kepentingan untuk menekan angka terjadinya kanker melalui beberapa upaya seperti pengadaan layanan konseling HIV, melakukan pengobatan ART dan skrining infeksi oportunistik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berasosiasi dengan kejadian kanker pada ODHIV menggunakan data rekam medis Rumah Sakit Kanker Dharmais. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan desain studi cross sectional. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat menggunakan chi-square dan menampilkan nilai prevalence ratio (95% CI). Berdasarkan analisis, terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara total CD4, jenis kelamin, dan infeksi oportunistik di Rumah Sakit Kanker Dharmais OR total CD4 <200 3,843 (95% CI 1,741-8,484), OR total CD4 200-499 0,595 (95% CI 0,348-1,007), OR ODHIV perempuan sebesar 0,447 (95% CI 0,271-0,738) dan OR ODHIV dengan infeksi oportunistik 0,327 (95% CI 0,248-0,431).
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a type of retrovirus that infects and damages immune cells in the body. This virus targets and multiplies within CD4 lymphocyte cells, weakening and eventually destroying the immune system. Untreated HIV leads to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), which is associated with opportunistic infections such as tuberculosis, diabetes mellitus, and cancer. According to the Indonesian Ministry of Health, in 2022 there were 90,956 HIV cases with 28,501 deaths reported. Cancer is a common disease among HIV patients, who have a 50-200 times higher risk compared to healthy individuals, highlighting the need to reduce cancer incidence through efforts such as providing HIV counselling services, administering ART treatment, and screening for opportunistic infections. This study aims to identify factors associated with cancer incidence in PLHIV using medical record data from Dharmais Cancer Hospital. The research employs a cross-sectional study design. Data analysis was conducted using univariate and bivariate methods, with chi-square tests and prevalence ratios (95% CI) presented. Based on the analysis, significant associations were found between total CD4 count, gender, and opportunistic infections. At Dharmais Cancer Hospital, the relative risk (OR) for total CD4 <200 was 3.843 (95% CI 1.741-8.484), for total CD4 200-499 was 0.595 (95% CI 0.348-1.007), for female PLHIV was 0.447 (95% CI 0.271-0.738), and for PLHIV with opportunistic infections was 0.327 (95% CI 0.248-0.431).
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Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a type of retrovirus that infects and damages immune cells in the body. This virus targets and multiplies within CD4 lymphocyte cells, weakening and eventually destroying the immune system. Untreated HIV leads to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), which is associated with opportunistic infections such as tuberculosis, diabetes mellitus, and cancer. According to the Indonesian Ministry of Health, in 2022 there were 90,956 HIV cases with 28,501 deaths reported. Cancer is a common disease among HIV patients, who have a 50-200 times higher risk compared to healthy individuals, highlighting the need to reduce cancer incidence through efforts such as providing HIV counselling services, administering ART treatment, and screening for opportunistic infections. This study aims to identify factors associated with cancer incidence in PLHIV using medical record data from Dharmais Cancer Hospital. The research employs a cross-sectional study design. Data analysis was conducted using univariate and bivariate methods, with chi-square tests and prevalence ratios (95% CI) presented. Based on the analysis, significant associations were found between total CD4 count, gender, and opportunistic infections. At Dharmais Cancer Hospital, the relative risk (OR) for total CD4 <200 was 3.843 (95% CI 1.741-8.484), for total CD4 200-499 was 0.595 (95% CI 0.348-1.007), for female PLHIV was 0.447 (95% CI 0.271-0.738), and for PLHIV with opportunistic infections was 0.327 (95% CI 0.248-0.431).
S-11865
Depok : FKM UI, 2025
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Nur Wahyu Rahmadiani; Pembimbing: Putri Bungsu; Penguji: Lhuri Dwianti Rahmartani, Siti Zuhroh
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Di Indonesia, kasus kematian terkait Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) terus meningkat sebesar lebih dari dua kali lipat dari 11.971 kasus di tahun 2010 menjadi 26.501 di tahun 2022, dan 40% di antaranya disebabkan oleh Tuberkulosis (TBC). AIDS adalah perkembangan dari Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) yang mengakibatkan sistem kekebalan tubuh menurun sehingga Orang Dengan HIV (ODHIV) rentan terkena penyakit atau infeksi oportunistik, termasuk TBC. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berasosiasi dengan adanya status TBC pada ODHIV setelah inisiasi ART dilakukan dengan menggunakan data Sistem Informasi HIV AIDS (SIHA) 2.1. Desain penelitian ini adalah cross sectional dengan sampel penduduk berusia ≥ 15 tahun yang memanfaatkan data Sistem Informasi HIV AIDS tahun 2023 dan menggunakan uji chi-square untuk analisis bivariat dan regresi logistik untuk analisis multivariat. Dari 39.623 ODHIV yang tercatat pada tahun 2023, terdapat 34.662 data yang eligible untuk digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan wilayah dengan prevalensi kasus HIV tertinggi di DKI Jakarta adalah Jakarta Pusat (30,8%) sedangkan wilayah dengan prevalensi HIV-TB tertinggi adalah Jakarta Barat (25,1%). Selanjutnya, ditemukan prevalensi HIV-TB pada populasi ≥ 15 tahun di DKI Jakarta setelah melakukan inisiasi ART adalah 4,4%. Stadium klinis 3 dan 4 (AOR = 9,99; 95% CI = 8,72 – 11,45), Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT) kurus (AOR = 2,54; 95% CI = 2,22 – 2,91), kelompok usia 25 – 34 tahun (AOR = 2,16; 95% CI = 1,86 – 2,52), tidak mengonsumsi Terapi Pencegahan Tuberkulosis (TPT) (AOR = 17,73; 95% CI = 10,42 – 30,18) adalah faktor risiko yang berpengaruh dalam meningkatkan adanya status TBC pada ODHIV. Selain itu, faktor yang menunjukkan protektif terhadap status TBC pada ODHIV adalah menunda inisiasi Antiretrvorial Therapy (ART) (AOR = 0,10; 95% CI = 0,09 – 0,12) dan kelompok populasi kunci (AOR = 0,44; 95% CI = 0,39 – 0,51). Faktor yang memiliki kontribusi terbesar dalam penelitian ini adalah riwayat konsumsi TPT. Dengan demikian, dibutuhkan peningkatan cakupan TPT untuk dapat mencegah adanya status TBC pada ODHIV dan ODHIV dewasa muda diharapkan dapat meningkatkan pencegahan TBC.
In Indonesia, Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) related deaths have more than doubled from 11,971 cases in 2010 to 26,501 in 2022, 40% of which are caused by Tuberculosis (TB). AIDS is a progression of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) that results in a decreased immune system so that People Living with HIV (PLHIV) are susceptible to opportunistic diseases or infections, including tuberculosis. This study aims to determine the factors associated with TB status in PLHIV after ART initiation using HIV AIDS Information System (SIHA) 2.1 data. The design of this study was cross sectional with a sample of population aged ≥ 15 years utilizing HIV AIDS Information System data in 2023 and using chi-square test for bivariate analysis and logistic regression for multivariate analysis. Of the 39,623 PLHIV recorded in 2023, 34,662 data were eligible to be used in this study. The results showed that the region with the highest prevalence of HIV cases in DKI Jakarta was Central Jakarta (30.8%) while the region with the highest prevalence of HIV-TB was West Jakarta (25.1%). Furthermore, the prevalence of HIV-TB in the population ≥ 15 years old in DKI Jakarta after ART initiation was found to be 4.4%. Clinical stage 3 and 4 (AOR = 9.99; 95% CI = 8.72 - 11.45), lean body mass index (BMI) (AOR = 2.54; 95% CI = 2.22 - 2.91), age group 25 - 34 years (AOR = 2.16; 95% CI = 1.86 - 2.52), not taking Tuberculosis Preventive Therapy (TPT) (AOR = 17.73; 95% CI = 10.42 - 30.18) are risk factors that increase the presence of TB status in PLHIV. In addition, the protective factors for TB status among PLHIV were delayed initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) (AOR = 0.10; 95% CI = 0.09 - 0.12) and key population groups (AOR = 0.44; 95% CI = 0.39 - 0.51). The factor with the largest contribution in this study was history of TPT consumption. Thus, there is a need to increase TPT coverage to prevent TB status in PLHIV and young adult PLHIV are expected to improve TB prevention.
S-11620
Depok : FKM-UI, 2024
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Bintang Sukma Dhea Fransisca Enjellita; Pembimbing: Nurhayati Adnan; Penguji: Helda, Dewi Kristanti
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Latar belakang: Hipertensi menjadi penyebab kematian dini tertinggi di seluruh dunia dan merupakan faktor risiko utama untuk penyakit kardiovaskular termasuk di Indonesia. Jawa Barat merupakan provinsi dengan angka prevalensi hipertensi tertinggi di Indonesia yaitu sebesar 34,4% berdasarkan hasil pengukuran tekanan darah dan sebesar 10,7% berdasarkan diagnosis dokter yang menjadikan Jawa Barat sebagai provinsi terbesar ketiga dengan prevalensi hipertensi terbanyak pada penduduk berusia ≥ 18 tahun. Dalam penanganan penyakit hipertensi, indikator terkait terapi atau pengobatan hipertensi merupakan salah satu faktor yang penting untuk diperhatikan. Data terbaru yang diperoleh dari Survei Kesehatan Indonesia (SKI) tahun 2023 menunjukkan bahwa ketidakpatuhan konsumsi obat antihipertensi di Jawa Barat mencapai 53,8% dengan 35,5% pasien tidak teratur minum obat dan 18,3% tidak minum obat sama sekali. Rendahnya kepatuhan pasien hipertensi untuk konsumsi obat antihipertensi masih menjadi masalah dalam penanganan hipertensi di Indonesia terutama di Jawa Barat. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan ketidakpatuhan konsumsi obat antihipertensi pada pasien hipertensi berusia ≥ 18 tahun di Jawa Barat. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi cross-sectional dengan analisis univariat dan bivariat. Hasil: Prevalensi ketidakpatuhan konsumsi obat antihipertensi pada pasien hipertensi usia ≥ 18 tahun di Jawa Barat adalah 53,1% dengan “merasa sudah sehat” menjadi alasan tertinggi ketidakpatuhan. Faktor yang signifikan berhubungan dengan ketidakpatuhan konsumsi obat antihipertensi meliputi berusia 18 - 59 tahun (PR = 1,23; 95% CI = 1,06 - 1,47), memiliki tingkat pendidikan rendah (PR = 1,17; 95% CI = 1,09 - 1,27), tidak memiliki jaminan kesehatan (PR = 1,26; 95% CI = 1,18 - 1,36), merokok (PR = 1,12; 95% CI = 1,04 - 1,21), tidak memiliki pengetahuan terkait konsumsi obat antihipertensi (PR = 1,88; 95% CI = 1,72 - 1,97). Kesimpulan: Pemerintah perlu meningkatkan edukasi kesehatan dan menekankan pentingnya rutin mengonsumsi obat antihipertensi meskipun tidak merasakan gejala. Selain itu, diperlukan kerja sama lintas sektor untuk mendukung pencegahan ketidakpatuhan konsumsi obat antihipertensi.
Background: Hypertension is the leading cause of premature death worldwide and is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, including in Indonesia. West Java is the province with the highest prevalence of hypertension in Indonesia, with a rate of 34.4% based on blood pressure measurements and 10.7% based on doctor diagnoses. This makes West Java the third largest province in terms of hypertension prevalence among individuals aged ≥ 18 years. In managing hypertension, indicators related to hypertension therapy or medication are crucial factors that need attention. Recent data from the Indonesia Health Survey (SKI) shows that non-adherence to antihypertensive medication in West Java reaches 53.8%, with 35.5% of patients taking medication irregularly and 18.3% not taking medication at all. The low level of adherence among hypertensive patients to taking antihypertensive medication remains a significant issue in hypertension management in Indonesia, particularly in West Java. Objective: This study aims to identify the factors associated with non-adherence to antihypertensive medication among hypertensive patients aged ≥ 18 years in West Java. Methods: This research used a cross-sectional study design with univariate and bivariate analyses. Results: The prevalence of non-adherence to antihypertensive medication among hypertensive patients aged ≥ 18 years in West Java is 53.1%, with “feeling healthy” being the most common reason for non-adherence. Significant factors associated with non-adherence to antihypertensive medication include: being aged 18–59 years (PR = 1.23; 95% CI = 1.06–1.47), having a low education level (PR = 1.17; 95% CI = 1.09–1.27), lacking health insurance (PR = 1.26; 95% CI = 1.18–1.36), smoking (PR = 1.12; 95% CI = 1.04–1.21), and lacking knowledge related to antihypertensive medication (PR = 1.88; 95% CI = 1.72–1.97). Conclusion: The government needs to enhance health education and emphasize the importance of regularly taking antihypertensive medication, even when no symptoms are present. Additionally, cross-sector collaboration is necessary to support the prevention of non-adherence to antihypertensive medication.
Background: Hypertension is the leading cause of premature death worldwide and is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, including in Indonesia. West Java is the province with the highest prevalence of hypertension in Indonesia, with a rate of 34.4% based on blood pressure measurements and 10.7% based on doctor diagnoses. This makes West Java the third largest province in terms of hypertension prevalence among individuals aged ≥ 18 years. In managing hypertension, indicators related to hypertension therapy or medication are crucial factors that need attention. Recent data from the Indonesia Health Survey (SKI) shows that non-adherence to antihypertensive medication in West Java reaches 53.8%, with 35.5% of patients taking medication irregularly and 18.3% not taking medication at all. The low level of adherence among hypertensive patients to taking antihypertensive medication remains a significant issue in hypertension management in Indonesia, particularly in West Java. Objective: This study aims to identify the factors associated with non-adherence to antihypertensive medication among hypertensive patients aged ≥ 18 years in West Java. Methods: This research used a cross-sectional study design with univariate and bivariate analyses. Results: The prevalence of non-adherence to antihypertensive medication among hypertensive patients aged ≥ 18 years in West Java is 53.1%, with “feeling healthy” being the most common reason for non-adherence. Significant factors associated with non-adherence to antihypertensive medication include: being aged 18–59 years (PR = 1.23; 95% CI = 1.06–1.47), having a low education level (PR = 1.17; 95% CI = 1.09–1.27), lacking health insurance (PR = 1.26; 95% CI = 1.18–1.36), smoking (PR = 1.12; 95% CI = 1.04–1.21), and lacking knowledge related to antihypertensive medication (PR = 1.88; 95% CI = 1.72–1.97). Conclusion: The government needs to enhance health education and emphasize the importance of regularly taking antihypertensive medication, even when no symptoms are present. Additionally, cross-sector collaboration is necessary to support the prevention of non-adherence to antihypertensive medication.
S-12011
Depok : FKM-UI, 2025
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Qania Faradillah Arumdias; Pembimbing: Soedarto Ronoatmodjo; Penguji: Ratna Djuwita, Ismelya
S-10238
Depok : FKM UI, 2019
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Reni Oktarina; Pembimbing: Nuning M.K. Masjkuri; Penguji: Tri Yunis Miko Wahyono, Zarfiel Tafal, Saktiyono
T-3282
Depok : FKM-UI, 2011
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Neneng Aini; Pembimbing: Syahrizal Syarif; Penguji: Mondastri Korib Sudaryo, Herman Kosasih
Abstrak:
Terapi antiretroviral mampu menekan replikasi HIV, mencegah morbilitas dan mortalitas. Kepatuhan pengobatan dibutuhkan untuk mencapai kesuksesan terapi, mencegah resistensi obat antiretroviral dan risiko penularan HIV ditengah masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui factor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kepatuhan pengobatan obat antiretroviral pasien HIV/AIDS di empat rumah sakit di DKI Jakarta tahun 20182019. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan rancangan cross sectional dari data baseline penelitian INA-PROACTIVE (data sekunder). dimana sebanyak 666 ODHA dipilih sebagai sampel. Kepatuhan pengobatan diukur berdasarkan self report. Data dianalisa dengan menggunakan cox proportional hazard regression dengan perangkat lunak STATA12. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan proporsi kepatuhan <95% sebesar 17,9%. Analisis faktor determinan kepatuhan berobat pada penelitian ini menggunakan analisis multivariat cox regresi dan besar pengaruh dinyatakan dalam prevalensi rasio (PR) dengan confident interval (CI) 95%. Penelitian ini menunjukkan faktor sosio-demografi yang berhubungan dengan ketidakpatuhan pengobatan pada ODHA yang mendapat terapi ARV adalah variabel jenis kelamin, usia, status pernikahan dan rute transmisi HIV. Faktor klinis yang mempunyai hubungan dengan kepatuhan minum obat ARV adalah variabel adanya riwayat infeksi oportunistik sifilis dan nilai CD4. Faktor pengobatan yang mempunyai hubungan dengan kepatuhan minum obat ARV adalah variabel jenis paduan ARV dan lama pengobatan ARV. Semua variabel tersebut tidak berpengaruh signifkan secara statistik dengan nilai p value > 0,05
Antiretroviral therapy suppresses HIV replication, prevent mobility and mortality. Treatment adherence is needed to achieve therapeutic success, prevent antiretroviral drug resistance and the risk of HIV transmission in the community. This study aims to determine the factors that associated with the adherent of antiretroviral drug treatment of HIV / AIDS patients in four hospitals in Jakarta in 2018-2019. This study was an observational study with a cross sectional design from the baseline data of INAPROACTIVE study (secondary data) from 666 people living with HIV. Treatment compliance was measured by self-report. Data were analyzed using cox proportional hazard regression with STATA12 software. The results showed the proportion of nonadherent by 17.9%, Analysis of determinant factors for compliance with treatment in this study using multivariate cox regression analysis and the magnitude of the effect was expressed in the prevalence ratio (PR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Our study showed a proportion of ARV treatment adherence ≥ 95% showed 82.1%. This study showed that the socio-demographic factors associated with ARV treatment adherence among people living with HIV who received ARV therapy were gender, age, marital status and HIV transmission route. Clinical factors that have a relationship with adherence of ARV were the variable history of opportunistic infection syphilis and CD4 value. Treatment factors that have a relationship with adherence of ARV were the variable type of ARV regiment and duration of ARV treatment. All these variables were not statistially significant effect with p value > 0.05.
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Antiretroviral therapy suppresses HIV replication, prevent mobility and mortality. Treatment adherence is needed to achieve therapeutic success, prevent antiretroviral drug resistance and the risk of HIV transmission in the community. This study aims to determine the factors that associated with the adherent of antiretroviral drug treatment of HIV / AIDS patients in four hospitals in Jakarta in 2018-2019. This study was an observational study with a cross sectional design from the baseline data of INAPROACTIVE study (secondary data) from 666 people living with HIV. Treatment compliance was measured by self-report. Data were analyzed using cox proportional hazard regression with STATA12 software. The results showed the proportion of nonadherent by 17.9%, Analysis of determinant factors for compliance with treatment in this study using multivariate cox regression analysis and the magnitude of the effect was expressed in the prevalence ratio (PR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Our study showed a proportion of ARV treatment adherence ≥ 95% showed 82.1%. This study showed that the socio-demographic factors associated with ARV treatment adherence among people living with HIV who received ARV therapy were gender, age, marital status and HIV transmission route. Clinical factors that have a relationship with adherence of ARV were the variable history of opportunistic infection syphilis and CD4 value. Treatment factors that have a relationship with adherence of ARV were the variable type of ARV regiment and duration of ARV treatment. All these variables were not statistially significant effect with p value > 0.05.
T-6120
Depok : FKM-UI, 2021
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Talitha El Zhafira Hadi; Pembimnbing: Helda; Penguji: Nurhayati Adnan, Alfons M. Letelay, Suyono
Abstrak:
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Angka mortalitas HIV/AIDS hingga saat ini masih menjadi permasalahan kompleks di tingkat global, terutama pada negara berkembang. Terapi Antiretroviral (ARV) menjadi salah satu bentuk pencegahan berkembangnya kasus HIV menjadi AIDS. Tetapi tidak dapat dipungkiri bahwa ODHA yang telah memulai terapi ARV pun masih berisiko tinggi untuk mengalami kematian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kepatuhan terapi antiretroviral terhadap kejadian mortalitas pada pasien HIV/AIDS di RSUD Kabupaten Tangerang periode tahun 2006 – 2022. Desain studi yang digunakan adalah kohort restrospektif. Jumlah sampel pada penelitian ini adalah 924 pasien yang diobservasi melalui rekam medis pasien. Kelompok exposed yaitu 510 pasien yang patuh terapi ARV dan kelompok non-exposed yaitu 414 pasien yang tidak patuh terapi ARV. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, diketahui bahwa probabilitas kumulatif survival dan median survival time secara keseluruhan adalah 52,3% dan 7 tahun. Rata-rata waktu pengamatan survival pada tahun ke 8 dan median survival time pada tahun ke 7 pengamatan. Selain itu, diketahui pula terdapat pengaruh antara kepatuhan terapi ARV terhadap kejadian mortalitas pasien HIV/AIDS dengan nilai adjHR = 1,71 (95% CI: 0,03 - 3,18) setelah mengendalikan variabel usia dan infeksi oportunistik. Hasil penelitian ini dapat menjadi acuan dan pertimbangan dalam meningkatkan kepatuhan ODHA dalam menjalankan terapi ARV di kemudian hari supaya tren kematian dapat ditekan.
The mortality rate of HIV/AIDS is still being a complex problem at the global level, especially in developing countries. Antiretroviral Therapy (ARV) is one form of prevention of the development of HIV cases into AIDS. However, it is undeniable that people living with HIV who have started ARV therapy are still at high risk of death. This study aims to determine the effect of adherence to antiretroviral therapy on the survival of HIV/AIDS patients at General Hospital of Tangerang Regency for the period 2006 – 2022. The study design used a retrospective cohort design. The exposed group was 510 patients who were adherent to ARV therapy and the non-exposed group was 414 patients who were not adherent to ARV therapy. Based on the results of the analysis, it is known that the cumulative probability of survival and median survival time as overall are 52.3% and 7 years. The average survival observation time at year 8 and median survival time at year 7 observation. In addition, it is also known that there is an correlation between adherence to ARV therapy on the mortality incidence of HIV/AIDS patients with adjHR = 1.71 (95% CI: 0,03 - 3,18) after controlling for age and opportunistic infection variables. The results of this study can be a reference and consideration in improving the compliance of PLHIV in carrying out ARV therapy in the future so that the mortality trend can be suppressed.
T-6670
Depok : FKM-UI, 2023
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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