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Lisnawati Maryam; Pembimbing: Helda; Penguji: Tri Yunis Miko Wahyono, Emita Ajis
Abstrak:
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Tuberkulosis atau biasa disebut TBC adalah penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Mycobacterium Tuberculosis. Situasi TB paru di kabupaten Bogor sendiri sampai dengan februari tahun 2023. Sebanyak 13,6 % pasien yang sudah di obati, yaitu 2.476 kasus TB SO dan 103 kasus TB RO dengan jumlah capaian yang diinginkan yaitu 22.696 pasien yang diobati. Untuk diagnosa menggunakan TCM (Tes Cepat Molekuler) sudah 70%. Sedangkan untuk kasus Succes Rate TB tahun 2022 yaitu 38,4%. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Persentase kejadian TB dan faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian TB pada orang dewasa di Kabupaten Bogor berdasarkan data tahun 2024. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi case series dengan menggunakan data SITB dan Kuesioner yang di bagikan ke narasumber. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif dan menggunakan uji chi-square. Dengan hasil pemeriksaan TCM (+) sebanyak 67 orang dengan persentase 94,4%. Sedangkan jumlah pasien TB paru di puskesmas megamendung dengan hasil pemeriksaan ronsen (+) sebanyak 4 orang dengan presentase 5,6%. Sedangan dilihat dari demografi jumlah pasien TB paru lebih banyak diderita oleh perempuan dibandingkan laki-laki. Untuk umur 35 tahun ke bawah lebih banyak menderita TB paru. Pengetahuan pasien TB mayoritas pengetahuannya baik. Efek samping yang paling dominan adalah air kencing berwarna merah, dialami oleh 56 pasien (76,1%). Selain itu, nyeri gatal (36,6%) dan lemas (36,6%). Lingkungan juga dapat mempengaruhi TB.
Tuberculosis or commonly called TB is an infectious disease caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium Tuberculosis. The pulmonary TB situation in Bogor district itself is up to February 2023. A total of 13.6% of patients have been treated, namely 2,476 SO TB cases and 103 RO TB cases with the desired achievement being 22,696 treated patients. For diagnosis using TCM (Rapid Molecular Test) it is already 70%. Meanwhile, the TB Success Rate in 2022 is 38.4%. The aim of this research is to determine the percentage of TB incidence and factors related to the incidence of TB in adults in Bogor Regency based on data for 2024. This research uses a case series study design using SITB data and questionnaires distributed to sources. Data analysis was carried out descriptively and used the chi-square test. With TCM examination results (+) as many as 67 people with a percentage of 94.4%. Meanwhile, the number of pulmonary TB patients at the Megamendung health center with X-ray examination results (+) was 4 people with a percentage of 5.6%. Judging from the demographics, the number of pulmonary TB patients is more common among women than men. People aged 35 years and under are more likely to suffer from pulmonary TB. Most TB patients' knowledge is good. The most dominant side effect was red urine experienced by 56 patients (76.1%). Apart from that, itching pain (36.6%) and weakness (36.6%). The environment can also influence TB.
S-11776
Depok : FKM UI, 2024
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Primus Mitaran; Pembimbing: Nurhayati A. Prihartono; Penguji: Yovsyah, Diana Ully Tambunan
S-6371
Depok : FKM-UI, 2011
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Soraya Permata Sujana; Pembimbing: Al Asyary; Penguji: Budi Hartono, Ririn Arminsih Wulandari, Arif Sumantri, Hermawan Saputra
Abstrak:
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Tuberkulosis (TB) merupakan penyakit menular yang masih menjadi masalah kesehatan di Indonesia, terutama di Jawa Barat. Kabupaten Bogor, Kota Bandung, dan Kota Bekasi merupakan tiga wilayah dengan jumlah kasus TB tertinggi di provinsi tersebut. Faktor lingkungan (kepadatan penduduk, ketinggian wilayah, dan cakupan rumah sehat) diduga berperan dalam meningkatkan kejadian TB. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran kejadian TB dan korelasi faktor lingkungan terhadap kejadian TB, serta menganalisis sebarannya secara spasial untuk mengidentifikasi wilayah risiko tinggi untuk diintervensi. Penelitian ini merupakan studi ekologi menggunakan data sekunder tahun 2022–2024 dari Dinas Kesehatan, BPS, dan BIG. Analisis dilakukan secara deskriptif, korelasi, pemetaan spasial, dan kerawanan menggunakan aplikasi SPSS dan QGIS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terjadi peningkatan tren kejadian TB di ketiga wilayah. Terdapat korelasi antara kepadatan penduduk dan cakupan rumah sehat terhadap kejadian TB di Kabupaten Bogor dan Kota Bandung, namun tidak di Kota Bekasi. Ketinggian wilayah tidak menunjukkan hubungan dengan kejadian TB diketiga wilayah. Sebaran faktor lingkungan terhadap kejadian TB menunjukkan adanya variasi antarwilayah. Pemetaan secara spasial mengidentifikasi Kota Bandung sebagai wilayah dengan tingkat kerawanan tinggi. Intervensi pengendalian TB berbasis wilayah diperlukan dan difokuskan pada daerah dengan kepadatan dan kerawanan tinggi. Diharapkan surveilans epidemiologi aktif (active case finding) terus dilakukan, mengembangkan sistem informasi TB spasial secara real-time yang terintegrasi dengan data surveilans aktif, menjalin kerjasama lintas sektor, mengevaluasi standar penilaian rumah sehat, mendorong regulasi daerah terkait TB, serta meningkatkan partisipasi masyarakat untuk pengendalian TB, terutama di wilayah padat penduduk dan berisiko tinggi.
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that remains a significant public health problem in Indonesia, particularly in West Java. Bogor Regency, Bandung City, and Bekasi City are among the regions with the highest number of TB cases in the province. Environmental factors such as population density, altitude, and healthy housing coverage, are suspected to contribute to the incidence of TB. This study aims to describe the incidence of TB, examine the correlation between environmental factors and TB cases, and analyze the spatial distribution to identify high-risk areas for targeted intervention. This ecological study used secondary data from 2022 to 2024 obtained from the Health Office, Statistics Indonesia (BPS), and the Geospatial Information Agency (BIG). Analyses were conducted using descriptive statistics, correlation tests, spatial mapping, and vulnerability assessment through SPSS and QGIS applications. The results showed an increasing trend in TB cases across all three regions. A significant correlation was found between population density and healthy housing coverage with TB incidence in Bogor and Bandung, but not in Bekasi. Altitude was not associated with TB incidence in any of the regions. The spatial distribution revealed variations in environmental factors related to TB incidence between regions. Bandung City was identified as having the highest level of TB vulnerability. Area-based TB control interventions are therefore necessary, particularly in densely populated and high-risk areas. It is recommended to strengthen active epidemiological surveillance (active case finding), develop a real-time spatial TB information system integrated with surveillance data, establish cross-sectoral collaboration, evaluate the standards for healthy housing assessment, promote local regulations related to TB control, and enhance community participation in TB prevention, especially in densely populated and high-risk areas.
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that remains a significant public health problem in Indonesia, particularly in West Java. Bogor Regency, Bandung City, and Bekasi City are among the regions with the highest number of TB cases in the province. Environmental factors such as population density, altitude, and healthy housing coverage, are suspected to contribute to the incidence of TB. This study aims to describe the incidence of TB, examine the correlation between environmental factors and TB cases, and analyze the spatial distribution to identify high-risk areas for targeted intervention. This ecological study used secondary data from 2022 to 2024 obtained from the Health Office, Statistics Indonesia (BPS), and the Geospatial Information Agency (BIG). Analyses were conducted using descriptive statistics, correlation tests, spatial mapping, and vulnerability assessment through SPSS and QGIS applications. The results showed an increasing trend in TB cases across all three regions. A significant correlation was found between population density and healthy housing coverage with TB incidence in Bogor and Bandung, but not in Bekasi. Altitude was not associated with TB incidence in any of the regions. The spatial distribution revealed variations in environmental factors related to TB incidence between regions. Bandung City was identified as having the highest level of TB vulnerability. Area-based TB control interventions are therefore necessary, particularly in densely populated and high-risk areas. It is recommended to strengthen active epidemiological surveillance (active case finding), develop a real-time spatial TB information system integrated with surveillance data, establish cross-sectoral collaboration, evaluate the standards for healthy housing assessment, promote local regulations related to TB control, and enhance community participation in TB prevention, especially in densely populated and high-risk areas.
T-7396
Depok : FKM-UI, 2025
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Ni Made Nujita Mahartati; Pembimbing: Syahrizal; Penguji: Putri Bungsu, I Wayan Gede Artawan Eka Putra
Abstrak:
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Angka kematian penderita TBC selama menjalani pengobatan di Kabupaten Badung selalu melewati target maksimal tingkat kematian TBC di Indonesia. Pada tahun 2023 angka kematian TBC di Kabupaten Badung meningkat menjadi 6,6%. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh faktor – faktor yang mempengaruhi kematian orang dengan TBC Paru di Kabupaten Badung. Desain penelitian ini adalah kohort retrospektif dengan menggunakan data kasus TBC Paru yang memulai pengobatan tahun 2021-2023 dan telah memiliki hasil akhir pengobatan hingga Mei 2024 dan tercatat pada Sistem Informasi Tuberkulosis. Analisis yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif, survival dengan menggunakan Kaplan Meier, dan multivariat dengan menggunakan cox regression proportional Hazzard. Dari 1.246 orang dengan yang eligible pada penelitian ini terdapat 1.149 orang dengan yang menjadi sampel penelitian. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan sebanyak 6,7% orang dengan meninggal dengan laju kejadian keseluruhan adalah 11 per 1000 orang bulan dan probabilitas survival sebesar 92,54%. Analisis multivariat menunjukkan faktor – faktor yang mempengaruhi kematian orang dengan TB RO selama masa pengobatan di Indonesia adalah kelompok umur 45-65 (aHR 3,616; 95% CI 2,110-6,195) tahun dan > 65 (aHR 10,892; 95% CI 5,630-21,071), Komorbid HIV (aHR 7,293; 95% CI 4,203-12,655), tidak konversi (HR 17,132; 95% CI 4,674-62,787), TBC RO ( aHR 10,921; 95%CI 1,458-81,774), waktu inisiasi pengobatan >7 hari (aHR 1,944; 95% CI 1,148-3,291) dan kepatuhan pengobatan (HR 3,546; 95% CI 1,895-6,634). Diperlukan peningkatan tatalaksana pengobatan TBC Paru dan skrining kesehatan pada kelompok lansia dan pasien yang memiliki komorbid HIV dan orang dengan TBC Resisten Obat serta media informasi yang meningkatkan kewaspadaan masyarakat yang terinfeksi TBC Paru tidak terlambat melakukan pengobatan.
The mortality rate for TB sufferers while undergoing treatment in Badung Regency always exceeds the maximum target for TB death rates in Indonesia. TB death rate in Badung Regency increased again to 6.6%. The aim of this research is to determine the influence of factors that influence the death of pulmonary TB patients in Badung Regency. The design of this study is a retrospective cohort using data on pulmonary TB cases who started treatment in 2021-2023 and had final treatment results until May 2024 and were recorded in the Tuberculosis Information System. The analysis used in this research is descriptive analysis, survival using Kaplan Meier, and multivariate using Cox proportional Hazard regression. Of the 1,246 eligible patients in this study, 1,149 patients were included in the research sample. The results of this study showed that 6.7% of patients died with an overall incidence rate of 11 per 1000 person months and a cumulative probability of survival of 92.54%. Multivariate analysis shows that the factors that influence the death of RO TB patients during the treatment period in Indonesia are the age group 45-65 (aHR 3.616; 95% CI 2.110-6.195) years and > 65 (aHR 10.892; 95% CI 5.630-21.071), Comorbid HIV (aHR 7.293; 95% CI 4.203-12.655), not converted (HR 17.132; 95% CI 4.674-62.787), TB RO (aHR 10.921; 95%CI 1.458-81.774), treatment initiation time >7 days (aHR 1.944; 95% CI 1.148-3.291) and treatment adherence (HR 3.546; 95% CI 1.895-6.634). It is necessary to improve the management of pulmonary TB treatment and health screening in the elderly group and patients who have comorbid HIV and people with drug-resistant TB as well as information media that increase the awareness of people infected with pulmonary TB so that it is not too late to undergo treatment.
T-7107
Depok : FKM UI, 2024
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Setya Thamarina; Pembimbing: Dwi Gayatri; Penguji: Tri Yunis Miko Wahyono, Diana Magdalena Pakpahan
S-9020
Depok : FKM UI, 2016
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Akhmad Yani Suryana; Pembimbing: Buchari Lapau
T-1319
Depok : FKM UI, 2002
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Cucu Irawan; Pemb: I. Made Djaja, Yovsyah; Penguji: Ririn Arminsih Wulandari, Hendri, Juhandi
T-2580
Depok : FKM UI, 2007
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Zarnuzi; Pembimbing: Tri Yunis Miko Wahyono; Penguji: Helda, Suhardini
Abstrak:
Keterlambatan diagnosis dapat memperparah penyakit, meningkatkan risiko kematian dan kemungkinan penularan tuberkulosis di masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui berapakah proporsi dan lama waktu keterlambatan diagnosis dan faktor risiko apa saja yang berhubungan dengan keterlambatan diagnosis TB paru di Kabupaten Tebo. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional yang dilakukan pada penderita tuberkulosis yang berobat di rumah sakit dan puskesmas dalam Kabupaten Tebo tahun 2018. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 366 responden. Anaisis multivariat menggunakan cox regression. Hasil penelitian proporsi keterlambatan diagnosis (>28 hari) sebesar 63,93%. Faktor predisposisi (umur ≥ 45 tahun), faktor pendukung (jenis UPK Non-DOTS dikunjungi pertama kali, stigma tinggi dan jarak tempuh ke UPK ≥ 30 menit) dan faktor kebutuhan (persepsi penyakit tidak serius) merupakan faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan keterlambatan diagnosis. Perlu dilakukan peningkatan kualitas program pengendalian tuberkulosis, penyuluhan tuberkulosis agar masyarakat mempunyai persepsi yang benar terhadap tuberkulosis dan untuk mengurangi stigma negatif terhadap penyakit tuberkulosis, meningkatkan akses ke unit pelayanan kesehatan DOTS serta penemuan secara aktif untuk mengurangi keterlambtan diagnosis
Delay in diagnosis can lead to increased severity of the disease, increased the risk of death and the possibility of transmission of tuberculosis in the community. The objective of this study was to determine proportion and the length of delay in diagnosis and factors associated with the delay in diagnosis among pulmonary tuberculosis patient in Tebo Distric. This study design using cross sectional conducted in patients with tuberculosis who was treated at hospitals and health centers at Tebo District in 2018. The sample in this study amounted to 366 respondents. Multivariat analysis using a multivariate cox regression. The results showed that the proportion of diagnosis delay (> 28 days) was 63.93 %. Predisposing factors (age ≥ 45 years), enabling factors (first consulting Non- DOTS health care unit, high stigma and distance to the health care unit DOTS ≥ 30 minutes) and need factors (perception of the disease is not serious) are risk factors associated with the diagnostic delay. Necessary improving the quality of tuberculosis control programs, counseling tuberculosis so that people have the correct perception against tuberculosis and to reduce the negative stigma against tuberculosis, improving access to health care units DOTS and active case finding are vital to reduce diagnostic delay
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Delay in diagnosis can lead to increased severity of the disease, increased the risk of death and the possibility of transmission of tuberculosis in the community. The objective of this study was to determine proportion and the length of delay in diagnosis and factors associated with the delay in diagnosis among pulmonary tuberculosis patient in Tebo Distric. This study design using cross sectional conducted in patients with tuberculosis who was treated at hospitals and health centers at Tebo District in 2018. The sample in this study amounted to 366 respondents. Multivariat analysis using a multivariate cox regression. The results showed that the proportion of diagnosis delay (> 28 days) was 63.93 %. Predisposing factors (age ≥ 45 years), enabling factors (first consulting Non- DOTS health care unit, high stigma and distance to the health care unit DOTS ≥ 30 minutes) and need factors (perception of the disease is not serious) are risk factors associated with the diagnostic delay. Necessary improving the quality of tuberculosis control programs, counseling tuberculosis so that people have the correct perception against tuberculosis and to reduce the negative stigma against tuberculosis, improving access to health care units DOTS and active case finding are vital to reduce diagnostic delay
T-5596
Depok : FKM-UI, 2019
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Pradita Rani Nurharianti; Pembimbing: Nasrin Kodim, Ratna Djuwita; Penguji: Fidiansjah, Uswatun Hasanah
Abstrak:
Prediabetes merupakan golden period dalam menunda terjadinya diabetes melitus tipe 2 karena pada periode ini perjalanan penyakit masih bisa dihentikan.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak stres pada konversi prediabetes menjadi diabetes melitus tipe 2 pada orang dewasa. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain kohort retrospektif. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder dari Studi Kohort Faktor Risiko untuk Penyakit Tidak Menular di Bogor, Indonesia. Pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini dilakukan sejak 2011 hingga 2015 dengan total populasi 5.890. Berdasarkan kriteria eksklusi dan inklusi, total subjek penelitian adalah 1059. Selama 5 tahun pengamatan, di antara subjek usia dewasa prediabetik ada 169 subjek yang dikategorikan sebagai T2DM dan 219 subjek dikategorikan sebagai stres. Analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa stres dan usia pada awal merupakan faktor risiko pada konversi pradiabetes menjadi T2DM (p <0,05). Model akhir pada analisis multivariat, menunjukkan hazard rasio stres sebesar 1,815 (95% CI: 1,307 - 2,520) dengan p <0,05. Temuan ini, diharapkan dapat digunakan sebagai informasi dan motivasi dalam upaya melakukan pencegahan dan pengendalian T2DM. Terutama pada individu dengan prediabetes yang menderita stres karena memiliki pengaruh terhadap konversi prediabetes menjadi T2DM.
Kata kunci: Diabetes melitus tipe 2, prediabetes, stres, dewasa
Prediabetes is a golden period in delaying the occurrence of type 2 diabetes mellitus because in this period the course of the disease can still be stopped. The study aim was to knowing the impact of stress on the conversion of prediabetes to type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults. This study used retrospective cohort design. The data used are secondary data from the Cohort Study of Risk Factors for Non-Communicable Diseases in Bogor, Indonesia. Data collection in this study was carried out since 2011 until 2015 with a total population of 5890. Based on the exclusion and inclusion criteria, the total of study participants were 1059. During 5 years of follow-up, among prediabetic adults there were 169 subjects categorized as T2DM and 219 subjects categorized as stressed. Bivariate analysis shows that stress and age at baseline is a risk factor on the conversion of prediabetes to T2DM (p < 0,05). Final model on multivariate analysis, shows the hazard ratio of stress was 1.815 (95% CI: 1.307 - 2.520) with p < 0.05. This findings, expected to be used as information and motivation in an effort to make prevention and control of T2DM. Especially in individuals with prediabetes who suffer from stress because it has an impact with conversion of prediabetes to T2DM.
Key words: Type 2 diabetes mellitus, prediabetes, stress, adults
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Kata kunci: Diabetes melitus tipe 2, prediabetes, stres, dewasa
Prediabetes is a golden period in delaying the occurrence of type 2 diabetes mellitus because in this period the course of the disease can still be stopped. The study aim was to knowing the impact of stress on the conversion of prediabetes to type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults. This study used retrospective cohort design. The data used are secondary data from the Cohort Study of Risk Factors for Non-Communicable Diseases in Bogor, Indonesia. Data collection in this study was carried out since 2011 until 2015 with a total population of 5890. Based on the exclusion and inclusion criteria, the total of study participants were 1059. During 5 years of follow-up, among prediabetic adults there were 169 subjects categorized as T2DM and 219 subjects categorized as stressed. Bivariate analysis shows that stress and age at baseline is a risk factor on the conversion of prediabetes to T2DM (p < 0,05). Final model on multivariate analysis, shows the hazard ratio of stress was 1.815 (95% CI: 1.307 - 2.520) with p < 0.05. This findings, expected to be used as information and motivation in an effort to make prevention and control of T2DM. Especially in individuals with prediabetes who suffer from stress because it has an impact with conversion of prediabetes to T2DM.
Key words: Type 2 diabetes mellitus, prediabetes, stress, adults
T-5471
Depok : FKM UI, 2019
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Elsi Novitasari; Pembimbing: Mondastri Korib Sudaryo; Penguji: Yovsyah, Rina Handayani
S-10301
Depok : FKM-UI, 2020
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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