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The COVID-19 pandemic has caused psychological effects health workers, they have increase in workload or working hours and lack of Personal Protective Equipment. This study aims to identify and assess the psychological effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on health workers at Ahmad Yani Hospital, Metro, Lampung and population are doctors, midwives and nurses. This study is a quantitative with a cross sectional study design and was conducted in April-May 2022. The assessment used the GAD-7, PSS-10, and Work-Family Balance questionnaires to assess psychological effects. The results found that health workers with long tenure, mature age and children have lower stress levels, but there is no relationship between tenure, age and having children with anxiety levels and work-family balance. Another result, there is a relationship between work status and stress levels, but there is no relationship between gender, work status and work with anxiety levels, stress levels and work-family balance. There are no differences in the psychological effects of health workers based on work units and differences in professions. The conclusion is there are psychological effects of COVID-19 pandemic at various levels on health workers at Ahmad Yani Hospital, Metro, Lampung. Recommendation submitted is prevention strategy needs to overcome psychological problems using the HCPS model with support from management, including the preparation of requirements such as availability of psychology team.
Kepesertaan JPKM masih rendah atau hanya 0,3% dari jumlah penduduk Indonesia (SUSENAS 2004 dalam Depkes RI 2006). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari faktor-faktor dari dalam dan faktor-faktor dari luar keluarga terhadap kepesertaan masyarakat dalam JPKM sukarela di Kota Metro Tahun 2008. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh Kepala KeIuarga (KK) di Kota Metro Lampung. Penelitian ini merupakan survei (non experiment) dirnana data ini dikumpuIkan seeara cross sectional. Jumlah sampel 131 IC.K yang diambil secara klaster yaitu di tiap kecamatan diambil satu kelurahan tiap kelurahan secara random ditentukan sampel menurut jumlah proporsi KK yang ada (sconpel random sampling). Penelitian ini kemudian menemukan bahwa ada hubungan antara faktor-faktor dari dalam keluarga (Umur KK, Jenis kelamin KK, Pendidikan KK, Pengetahuan KK, Pekerjaan KK, Penghasilan KK, Juralah anggota keluarga dan Arti sakit bagi keluarga) dan faktor-faktor dari luar keluarga (Promosi JPKM, Dukungan Pernerintah, Keberadaan asuransi lain/Askin, Pola Perilaku Masyarakat dalarn Menghadapi Sakit, Lokasi pelayanan Kesehatan dengan JPKM) terhadap kepesertaan dalam JPKM. Dan i penelitian ini ditemukan hanya 14,5% yang menjadi peserta JPKM. Ini diperkuat dengan fakta pertanyaan terbuka yang menyatakan rnasyarakat mempersepsikan bahwa JPKM adalah jaminan pemeliharan kesehatan untuk orang miskin. Analisis variabel dalam penelitian ini menernukan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara variabel pengetahuan KK (faktor dari dalam keluarga) serta variabel dukungan pemerintah dan pola perilaku masyarakat dalam menghadapi sakit (faktor dari luar keluarga) dengan kepesertaan JPKM. Dan Analisis selanjutnya (multivariat) ditemukan bahwa faktor pengetahuan KK berpengaruh terhadap kepesertaan .TPKM sukarela (p-,043) Odd Ratio (OR) 3,42 yang berarti mereka (KK) yang rnengetahui JPKM sukareta mempunyai pe1uang 3-4 kali menjadi peserta. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa pengetahuan sangat mempengamhi kepesertaan JPKM sukarela melalui pembentukan persepsi yang benar tentang .JPKM Sebagai saran maka JPKM sukarela ini yang sebenamya merupakan peran serta masyarakat dalam bidang kesehatan sebagai mana yang dicita-citakan dalam pembangunan kesehatan perlu didorong melalui extensifikasi sosialisasi JPKM sukarela yaitu melalui berbagai peluang, jalur dan cam yang memungkinkan. Ini sesuai dengan amanat UU no 23 Th 1992 tentang kesehatan pasal 66 ayat 1: Pemerintah mengembangkan, membina dart mendorong jaminan pemeliharaan kesehatan masyarakat (.111134) sebagai cam yang dijadikan landasan setiap penyelenggaraan perneliharaan kesehatan, yang pembiayaannya dilaksanakan secara pra-upaya , berazaskan usaha bersama dan kekeluargaan.
The study has a purpose on explore the internal and external factors on the family for the voluntarily membership of the RICA at Kota Metro, Lampung at the year of 2008. The study is a survey (non-experiment) and data is gathered by a cross sectional design. The population of the study is the Head of the Household (NH) of Kota Metro, Lampung. The sample size is 131 of HH that withdrawn by a cluster sampling method, i.e. in every sub-district there will be one neighborhood is chosen, and from every neighborhood, a random sampling method is used to get the sample proportionately with the number oh the HH in the neighborhood. The study found that there is a relationship between the family internal and the external factors with the membership for JPKM. The internal factors are consists of the age, sex, education, knowledge, occupation, and the income of the HA member of the family, and the mean of the illness for the family. While the external factors are the .113KIvl campaign, government support, availability of Poor Family Insurance or other insurance, community behavior pattern to deal with the illness, the location of health services with WKM. The study reveal that there is only 14.5% is a member of JPKM, because mostly perception on the community say that JPKM is a health security for the poor. Analysis found that there is a significant relationship between variables of HH's knowledge (family's internal factor), government support variable and community behavior pattern in dealing with the illness (family's external factor), and the membership of JPKM Further analysis (multivariate) found that the factor of HI-I's knowledge have the influence to the involuntary membership on JPICIVI (p value: 0.043) has the OR on 3.42, and it means that I-11-1 with a good knowledge have opportunity to become a JPKM membership 34 times in compare with HH with low knowledge. To conclude, knowledge has a great extent in influencing the voluntary membership for JPIKM through a proper understanding of perception on JPKM It is suggested, as it hopes in the health development goals, that voluntary JPKM membership, as a form of community participation on health area, should be supported by a broadening socialization of the JPKM voluntary membership through any opportunity, channel and possibilities way. This also consistent with the statement of the U1.1 NO. 23, 1992 in relation to health, at the Chapter 66 verse 1 "The government should support and encourage the JPKM as a foundation of any application for health care that financed by a pre-finance scheme, base on a kinship mutually affair".