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Potensi pencemar luar rumah (mis. industri meubel/kayu dan jalan raya) mempengaruhi kualitas udara dalam rumah, serta meningkatkan risiko ISPA pada anak balita. Di Kecamatan Duren Sawit, Jakarta Timur ditemukan kasus ISPA sebesar 1.446 atau 17,55% dari total jumlah kasus. Penelitian menggunakan desain potong lintang yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran ISPA anak balita menurut kualitas udara dalam rumahnya di Kecamatan Duren Sawit, Jakarta Timur tahun 2013. Besar sampel ditentukan menggunakan rumus Lemeshow (1997), dan didapat 120 sampel menggunakan teknik multistage sampling. Proporsi ISPA adalah sebesar 60%. Anak balita ISPA pada rumah dengan kualitas udara (PM10 dan NO2) tidak memenuhi syarat adalah sebesar 30 (83,3%) dan 71 (60,7%). Pada analisis multivariat, variabel ventilasi, penghuni rumah merokok, dan pemberian vitamin A, memiliki hubungan paling kuat dengan ISPA anak balita. Disimpulkan pajanan PM10 dengan konsentrasi tidak memenuhi syarat berhubungan dengan kejadian ISPA, disamping variabel ventilasi, penghuni rumah merokok, dan pemberian vitamin A yang berfungsi meningkatkan kekebalan terhadap kejadian infeksi pada anak balita. Perlu dilakukan upaya penyehatan perumahan/pemukiman, promosi kesehatan (kampanye anti rokok), serta pemberian suplemen vitamin A pada anak balita
Potential outdoor pollutant sources (eg. furniture/timber industry and roadway) can affect indoor air quality in house, and increase acute respiratory infection (ARI) risk in children under five. In Kecamatan Duren Sawit, Jakarta Timur, found 1.446 ARI cases or 17,55% to its total cases. This research use a cross sectional design, which aim to picture children under five’s ARI by its indoor air quality in house in Kecamatan Duren Sawit, Jakarta Timur, in 2013. Sample size was determined by Lemeshow (1997) equation, then 120 samples had choosen using multistage sampling. 60% ARI’s proportion was reported in this research. There was 30 (83,3%) and 71 (60,7%) of unmeet standart indoor air quality in house (PMjo and NO2), children under five with ARI was reported. House ventilation, smoker in house, and vitamin A suplementation, had more significant relationship with childrenunder five’s ARI incident according to multivariate analysis result. It conclude that unmeet standard PM10, have significant relationship with children under five ARI incident, beside house ventilation, smoker in house, andvitamin A suplementation which can increase children under five immunity to any infection. Due to the research results, it advisable to measure a housing health programme, anti smoking campaign (health promotion programme), and vitamin A suplementation fo children under five programme
This thesis discusses the description of ARI events and the determinants that influence it, such as PM10 temperature, humidity, wind direction and speed, distance from home from industry, ventilation, occupancy density, cigarette smoke, intake, age, sex, nutritional status, immunization history, breast milk exclusively for children under five living in Sukadanau Village, West Cikarang District, Bekasi Regency. This study uses a cross sectional design by analyzing primary data, primary data from interviews and measurements of PM10, temperature, humidity, direction and wind speed in ambient air. Of the 13 variables studied that have a significant relationship are exclusive breastfeeding for ARI events in children under five with p which means that children under five who are not exclusively breastfed have the opportunity to experience ARI events. 3 times greater compared to children under five who are given exclusive breastfeeding. Based on this research it is recommended for residents who live around the steel industry to be able to increase immunity, because from the results of the study the concentration of PM10 from 8 points measured 37.5% does not meet the requirements. And there needs to be crosssectoral collaboration from the Health Office, the Environmental Office and the Bekasi District Government.
Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among children under five worldwide, particularly in developing countries. In Sukamaju Baru Village, ARI cases among children under five have shown an increasing trend in recent years, peaking in 2022 with 5,135 cases. This study aims to identify the most influential factors associated with ARI incidence among children under five in Sukamaju Baru Village in 2024. This research employs a case-control study design with a total sample of 140, consisting of 70 cases and 70 controls. The case group comprises children under five diagnosed with ARI by healthcare workers at the Sukamaju Baru Public Health Center, while the control group includes children under five who were not diagnosed with ARI and resided in the same neighborhood unit (RW) as the case group. Data analysis includes bivariate analysis using the Chi-square test and multivariate analysis using a multiple logistic regression model based on determinant factors. The results of this study indicate that out of 15 variables examined, 8 were found to be significantly associated with ARI incidence among children under five. These variables include immunization status (OR = 2.20), maternal knowledge (OR = 2.39), waste-burning habits (OR = 0.35), wall type (OR = 2.36), bedroom ventilation area (OR = 2.71), household density (OR = 2.48), humidity (OR = 3.27), and natural lighting (OR = 2.14). Among these, the bedroom ventilation area was identified as the most dominant factor influencing ARI incidence. This study highlights that most ARI risk factors for children under five in Sukamaju Baru Village are related to the physical environment of the home. Therefore, further efforts are needed to improve the prevalence of healthy homes in the area, with a primary focus on increasing ventilation area.