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Fitrianur Laili; Pembimbing: Sudarto Ronoatmodjo; Penguji: Helda, Ratna Djuwita, Soewarta Kosen
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Sindrom metabolik telah menjadi masalah global di berbagai negara. Prevalensi sindrom metabolik di Indonesia tahun 2019 sebesar 21,66%. Disisi lain, proporsi individu yang mengalami sindrom metabolik dan mengonsumsi makanan berisiko sebanyak 46,7%. Sedangkan proporsi individu yang mengalami sindrom metabolik, tetapi tidak mengonsumsi makanan berisiko sebanyak 38,1%. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis hubungan konsumsi makanan berisiko dengan kejadian sindrom metabolik di Indonesia berdasarkan data SKI 2023 dengan mengambil seluruh populasi yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi sebagai sampel penelitian. Analisis pengontrolan variabel dilakukan dengan uji cox regression. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proporsi penduduk Indonesia yang sering mengonsumsi makanan berisiko sebanyak 53,2% dan prevalensi sindrom metabolik sebanyak 39,3%. Namun, pada penelitian ini konsumsi makanan berisiko terbukti tidak ada hubungan dengan kejadian sindrom metabolik (aPR: 0,96; 95% CI: 0,91 – 1,00) setelah dikontrol variabel usia. Hal ini kemungkinan dipengaruhi oleh adanya bias penelitian, kualitas, dan kuantitas data penelitian yang tidak dapat dikontrol. Perlu adanya perbaikan kualitas data SKI, terutama perubahan metode pengukuran konsumsi makanan berisiko menggunakan FFQ semi-kuantitatif dengan jenis makanan yang spesifik. Upaya skrining, edukasi, dan pengawasan kebijakan konsumsi gula, garam, lemak, terutama pada masyarakat usia ≥40 tahun sebagai bentuk upaya pencegahan dan pengendalian sindrom metabolik beserta dampak lebih besar yang ditimbulkan.
Metabolic syndrome has become a global problem in many countries. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Indonesia in 2019 was 21.66%. On the other hand, the proportion of individuals who experience metabolic syndrome and consume unhealthy foods was 46.7%. While the proportion of individuals who experience metabolic syndrome but do not consume unhealthy foods was 38.1%. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between unhealthy food consumption and the occurrence of metabolic syndrome in Indonesia based on SKI 2023 data by taking the entire population who met the inclusion criteria as the study sample. An analysis of controlling variables was carried out by a cox regression test. The results showed that the proportion of the Indonesian population who frequently consumed unhealthy foods was 53.2% and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 39.3%. However, in this study, consumption of unhealthy foods was shown to have no association with the occurrence of metabolic syndrome (aPR: 0.96; 95% CI: 0.91–1.00) after being controlled by age variables. This may be influenced by research bias, quality, and quantity of research data that cannot be controlled. There was a need to improve the quality of SKI data, especially changes in the method of measuring unhealthy food consumption using semi-quantitative FFQ with specific food types. Efforts to screen, educate, and monitor sugar, salt, and fat consumption policies, especially in people aged ≥40 years, as a form of prevention and control of metabolic syndrome and its greater impact.
T-7277
Depok : FKM-UI, 2025
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Galuh Areta Trustha; Pembimbing: Yovsyah; Penguji: Trisari Anggondowati, Dyah Armi Riana
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Sindrom metabolik atau sindrom X merupakan kondisi yang berpotensi meningkatkan risiko seseorang mengalami penyakit tidak menular. Berdasarkan data Riskesdas 2013, prevalensi sindrom metabolik di Indonesia mencapai 39% dan lebih banyak terjadi pada wanita. Gaya hidup berpotensi mempengaruhi terjadinya sindrom metabolik. Namun, penelitian terdahulu tentang hubungan gaya hidup yang meliputi aktivitas fisik, pola makan dan merokok terhadap sindrom metabolik menunjukkan hasil yang beragam. Selain itu, belum ada penelitian tentang sindrom metabolik spesifik pada populasi wanita di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan gaya hidup dengan kejadian sindrom metabolik pada wanita usia ≥15 tahun di Indonesia. Desain studi yang digunakan adalah cross-sectional dengan sumber data dari Riskesdas 2018. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan prevalensi sindrom metabolik pada wanita usia ≥15 tahun di Indonesia sebesar 37,6%. Umur berhubungan signifikan dengan kejadian sindrom metabolik pada wanita (PR=1,711; 95% CI=1,640-1,785; nilai P=0,001). Dalam penelitian ini, aktivitas fisik, merokok, konsumsi makanan manis, minuman manis, makanan berlemak, soft drink, buah, dan sayur tidak terbukti berhubungan secara statistik dengan sindrom metabolik. Karena tingginya prevalensi sindrom metabolik pada wanita di Indonesia, perlu untuk meningkatkan program skrining, seperti pengukuran lingkar perut, tekanan darah, dan gula darah secara rutin. Selain itu, perlu untuk menerapkan gaya hidup sehat bagi wanita untuk mencegah terjadinya sindrom metabolik.
Metabolic syndrome or syndrome X is a condition that can increase a person's risk of developing non-communicable diseases. Based on Riskesdas 2013 data, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Indonesia reaches 39% and is more prevalent in women. Lifestyle has the potential to influence the incidence of metabolic syndrome. However, previous research on the relationship between lifestyle including physical activity, diet and smoking on metabolic syndrome has shown mixed results. In addition, there has been no research on specific metabolic syndrome in women in Indonesia. This study aims to determine the relationship between lifestyle and the incidence of metabolic syndrome in women aged ≥15 years in Indonesia. The study design used was cross-sectional with data sources from Riskesdas 2018. The results showed that the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in women aged ≥15 years in Indonesia was 37.6%. Age is significantly associated with the incidence of metabolic syndrome in women (PR=1.711; 95% CI=1.640-1.785; P=0.001). In this study, physical activity, smoking, consumption of sweet foods, sweet drinks, fatty foods, soft drinks, fruit and vegetables were not statistically proven to be associated with metabolic syndrome. Due to the high prevalence of metabolic syndrome among women in Indonesia, it is necessary to improve screening programs, such as routine measurements of abdominal circumference, blood pressure and blood sugar. In addition, it is necessary to adopt a healthy lifestyle for women to prevent metabolic syndrome.
S-11240
Depok : FKM-UI, 2023
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Hera Apprimadona; Pembimbing: Sudarto Ronoatmodjo; Penguji: Helda, Ratna Djuwita, Soewarta Kosen
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Bayi berat lahir rendah (BBLR) merupakan masalah kesehatan karena termasuk penyebab utama kematian neonatus di Indonesia selain karena dampak negatif jangka panjang yang disebabkannya. Konsumsi Tablet Tambah Darah (TTD) minimal 90 tablet selama kehamilan merupakan upaya menurunkan resiko kejadian BBLR. Namun kepatuhan konsumsi TTD pada ibu hamil di Indonesia masih rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan kepatuhan konsumsi TTD pada ibu hamil dengan kejadian BBLR di Indonesia menggunakan data Survei Kesehatan Indonesia tahun 2023. Populasi penelitian ini adalah perempuan berusia 10-54 tahun di Indonesia berstatus kawin/cerai hidup/cerai mati yang memiliki riwayat persalinan periode 1 Januari 2018 sampai 25 September 2023, untuk kelahiran terakhir yang telah berakhir yang menjadi responden dalam SKI 2023. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah responden dari populasi penelitian yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Kriteria inklusi dalam penelitian ini adalah perempuan melahirkan bayi tunggal, informasi berat lahir bayi berdasarkan KIA, dengan data yang lengkap untuk semua variabel yang diteliti. Desain penelitian ini adalah cross sectional dan menggunakan uji regresi cox dalam analisis data bivariat dan multivariat untuk mendapatkan Prevalence Ratio (PR) dengan interval kepercayaan 95%. Pendekatan analisis multivariat dilakukan untuk mengontrol variabel kovariat yaitu usia, pendidikan, pekerjaan, paritas, usia kehamilan, komplikasi kehamilan, merokok, kuantitas ANC K4, kualitas ANC 10T, pola makan, status ekonomi, wilayah tempat tinggal dan jenis kelamin. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan proporsi BBLR sebesar 5,33% dan proporsi kepatuhan konsumsi TTD pada ibu hamil sebesar 49,02%. Hasil analisis multivariat menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan secara statistik antara ibu hamil yang tidak patuh mengkonsumsi TTD dengan kejadian BBLR di Indonesia, dimana ibu hamil yang tidak patuh mengkonsumsi TTD mempunyai risiko 1,216 kali lebih besar (adjusted PR: 1,216; 95% CI: 1,04-1,43; p-value: 0,016) untuk melahirkan BBLR dibandingkan ibu yang patuh mengkonsumsi TTD, setelah dikontrol usia kehamilan Kepatuhan konsumsi TTD pada ibu hamil di masih rendah, padahal berhubungan signifikan dengan kejadian BBLR di Indonesia, sehingga perlu perhatian dari pemerintah untuk meningkatkan kepatuhan konsumsi TTD pada ibu hamil.
Low birth weight (LBW) is a health problem because it is one of the main causes of neonatal mortality in Indonesia in addition to the long-term negative impacts it causes. Consumption of Iron Supplement Tablets (TTD) of at least 90 tablets during pregnancy is an effort to reduce the risk of LBW. However, compliance with TTD consumption in pregnant women in Indonesia is still low. This study aims to analyze the relationship between compliance with TTD consumption in pregnant women and the incidence of LBW in Indonesia using data from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey. The population of this study were women aged 10-54 years in Indonesia with married/divorced/divorced and died status who had a history of childbirth from January 1, 2018 to September 25, 2023, for the last birth that had ended who were respondents in the 2023 SKI. The sample in this study were respondents from the study population who met the inclusion criteria. The inclusion criteria in this study were women giving birth to a single baby, information on the baby's birth weight based on the KIA, with complete data for all variables studied. The design of this study was cross-sectional and used the cox regression test in bivariate and multivariate data analysis to obtain the Prevalence Ratio (PR) with a 95% confidence interval. The multivariate analysis approach was carried out to control covariate variables, namely age, education, occupation, parity, gestational age, pregnancy complications, smoking, quantity of ANC K4, quality of ANC 10T, diet, economic status, area of residence and gender. The results of this study showed a proportion of LBW of 5.33% and a proportion of compliance with TTD consumption in pregnant women of 49.02%. The results of the multivariate analysis showed a statistically significant relationship between pregnant women who were not compliant in consuming TTD and the incidence of LBW in Indonesia, where pregnant women who were not compliant in consuming TTD had a 1.216 times greater risk (adjusted PR: 1.216; 95% CI: 1.04-1.43; p-value: 0.016) of giving birth to LBW compared to mothers who were compliant in consuming TTD, after controlling for gestational age. Compliance with TTD consumption in pregnant women is still low, even though it is significantly related to the incidence of LBW in Indonesia, so the government needs attention to increase compliance with TTD consumption in pregnant women.
T-7290
Depok : FKM UI, 2025
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Rachel Inekeputri Sirait; Pembimbing: Sudarto Ronoatmodjo; Penguji:Ratna Djuwita, Soewarta Kosen
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Hipertensi atau tekanan darah tinggi merupakan suatu keadaan ketika tekanan darah seseorang melebihi batas normal. Menurut data Riskesdas pada tahun 2018, prevalensi hipertensi di Indonesia mencapai 34,1%. Angka ini meningkat dari tahun sebelumnya, yakni 25,8%. Pola konsumsi makan berisiko seperti konsumsi natrium berlebih menjadi salah faktor risiko dari kejadian Hipertensi. Salah satu sumber natrium berasal dari makanan instan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk hubungan frekuensi konsumsi makanan instan dengan kejadian hipertensi pada penduduk berusia ≥ 18 tahun di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi potong lintang. Sumber data yang digunakan yaitu data sekunder Riskesdas 2018. Responden penelitian adalah penduduk di Indonesia yang berusia ≥18 tahun. Terdapat 384.556 responden yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, didapatkan prevalensi hipertensi sebesar 29.8%. dan proporsi frekuensi konsumsi makanan instan sebesar 22.1%. Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara frekuensi konsumsi makanan instan dengan hipertensi. Kelompok yang memiliki frekuensi sering dalam mengonsumsi makanan instan 0,78 kali (PR=0,785; 95%CI=0,773—0,797) lebih mungkin untuk mengalami hipertensi dibanding dengan kelompok memiliki frekuensi jarang. Disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan frekuensi konsumsi makanan instan dengan kejadian hipertensi pada penduduk berusia ≥ 18 tahun di Indonesia.
Hypertension or high blood pressure is a condition when a person's blood pressure exceeds normal limits. According to Riskesdas’s data in 2018, the prevalence of hypertension in Indonesia reached 34.1%. This figure increased from the previous year, which was 25.8%. Consumption patterns of risky foods such as excess sodium consumption are risk factors for hypertension. One source of sodium comes from instant food. This study aims to determine the relationship between the frequency of instant food consumption and the incidence of hypertension in people aged ≥ 18 years in Indonesia. This study used a cross-sectional study design. The data source used is the 2018 Riskesdas’s secondary data. The research respondents were residents in Indonesia aged ≥18 years. There were 384,556 respondents who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Based on the results of the analysis, the prevalence of hypertension was 29.8%. and the proportion of frequency of instant food consumption is 22.1%. There is a significant relationship between the frequency of instant food consumption and hypertension. The group that has a frequent frequency of consuming instant food is 0.78 times (PR=0.785; 95%CI=0.773—0.797) more likely to experience hypertension than the group that has a rare frequency. It was concluded that there is a relationship between the frequency of instant food consumption and the incidence of hypertension in people aged ≥ 18 years in Indonesia.
S-11227
Depok : FKM-UI, 2023
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Eva Lyani Amelia; Pembimbing: Nurhayati Adnan'; Penguji: Putri Bungsu, Prihandriyo Sri Hijranti
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Diabetes merupakan penyakit tidak menular dengan prevalensi yang terus meningkat, termasuk di Indonesia, di mana prevalensinya mencapai 11,7% pada SKI 2023. Prediabetes sebagai kondisi awal sebelum diabetes menjadi perhatian global karena prevalensinya yang lebih tinggi dan potensi berkembang cepat menjadi diabetes tipe 2. Fenomena gaya hidup sedentari yang meluas turut memperburuk risiko ini karena berhubungan erat dengan kurangnya aktivitas fisik, faktor risiko utama diabetes dan penyakit tidak menular lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi prediabetes dan menganalisis hubungan kurang aktivitas fisik dengan kejadian prediabetes setelah dikontrol oleh variabel kovariat seperti usia, jenis kelamin, pendidikan, penyakit penyerta, pola konsumsi makanan, dan kebiasaan merokok. Desain studi cross sectional dari data sekunder Survei Kesehatan Indonesia (SKI) tahun 2023. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Prevalensi Prediabetes pada populasi usia dewasa 18-59 tahun di Indonesia adalah 42,91% dan sebesar 39,77% terjadi pada kelompok kurang aktivitas fisik. Analisis multivariat dengan uji cox’s regression menunjukkan hampir tidak ada perbedaan risiko kejadian prediabetes pada kurang aktivitas fisik dibandingkan aktivitas fisik cukup (PR 0,96; 95% CI : 0,91 – 1,01). Tingginya prevalensi prediabetes pada kelompok usia produktif diharapkan dapat membrikan motivasi untuk meningkatkan frekuensi dan durasi aktivitas fisik minimal 150 menit per minggu serta rutin melakukan deteksi dini prediabetes
Diabetes is a non-communicable disease with a continuously increasing prevalence, including in Indonesia, where the prevalence reached 11.7% according to the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey (SKI). Prediabetes, as a precursor condition to diabetes, has garnered global attention due to its higher prevalence and the rapid progression potential to type 2 diabetes. The widespread sedentary lifestyle phenomenon further exacerbates this risk, as it is strongly associated with insufficient physical activity, a major risk factor for diabetes and other non-communicable diseases. This study aims to determine the prevalence of prediabetes and analyze the association between insufficient physical activity and prediabetes incidence after controlling for covariates such as age, sex, education, comorbidities, dietary patterns, and smoking habits. This cross-sectional study utilizes secondary data from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey (SKI). The results indicate a prediabetes prevalence of 42.91% in the adult population aged 18-59 years in Indonesia, with 39.77% occurring in the insufficient physical activity group. Multivariate analysis using Cox regression showed almost no difference in prediabetes risk between the insufficient physical activity and sufficient physical activity groups (PR 0.96; 95% CI: 0.91–1.01). The high prevalence of prediabetes in the productive age group is expected to motivate increased frequency and duration of physical activity to a minimum of 150 minutes per week and regular early detection of prediabetes.
Diabetes is a non-communicable disease with a continuously increasing prevalence, including in Indonesia, where the prevalence reached 11.7% according to the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey (SKI). Prediabetes, as a precursor condition to diabetes, has garnered global attention due to its higher prevalence and the rapid progression potential to type 2 diabetes. The widespread sedentary lifestyle phenomenon further exacerbates this risk, as it is strongly associated with insufficient physical activity, a major risk factor for diabetes and other non-communicable diseases. This study aims to determine the prevalence of prediabetes and analyze the association between insufficient physical activity and prediabetes incidence after controlling for covariates such as age, sex, education, comorbidities, dietary patterns, and smoking habits. This cross-sectional study utilizes secondary data from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey (SKI). The results indicate a prediabetes prevalence of 42.91% in the adult population aged 18-59 years in Indonesia, with 39.77% occurring in the insufficient physical activity group. Multivariate analysis using Cox regression showed almost no difference in prediabetes risk between the insufficient physical activity and sufficient physical activity groups (PR 0.96; 95% CI: 0.91–1.01). The high prevalence of prediabetes in the productive age group is expected to motivate increased frequency and duration of physical activity to a minimum of 150 minutes per week and regular early detection of prediabetes.
T-7409
Depok : FKM-UI, 2025
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Danastri Widoningtyas; Pembimbing: Krisnawati Bantas; Penguji: Ratna Djuwita, Rofingatul Mubasyiroh
S-10407
Depok : FKM UI, 2020
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Normandhieva Acmad Syuhada; Pembimbing: Nurhayati Adnan Prihartono; Penguji: Rizka Maulida, Ridho Ichsan Syaini
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Sindrom metabolik merupakan kumpulan kondisi yang meningkatkan risiko penyakit jantung, diabetes, dan stroke, dan prevalensinya semakin meningkat di seluruh dunia, termasuk di Indonesia. Pekerja, baik dalam kategori white-collar maupun blue-collar, sering kali terpapar faktor risiko yang berbeda akibat gaya hidup dan lingkungan kerja mereka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kejadian sindrom metabolik pada pekerja white-collar dan blue-collar di Indonesia berdasarkan data Survei Kesehatan Indonesia (SKI) 2023. Dengan total sampel sebanyak 8.582 individu, terdiri dari 4.053 pekerja white-collar dan 4.529 pekerja blue-collar, penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi cross-sectional dan analisis multivariat dengan modifikasi Cox hazard. Variabel independen yang dianalisis meliputi usia, jenis kelamin, pendidikan, aktivitas fisik, perilaku merokok, konsumsi alkohol, konsumsi makanan manis, konsumsi minuman manis, konsumsi makanan asin, konsumsi makanan berlemak, konsumsi daging/ayam/ikan olahan dengan pengawet, dan gangguan kesehatan jiwa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi sindrom metabolik pada kelompok white-collar mencapai 51%, sedangkan pada kelompok blue-collar sebesar 42,9%. Pada kelompok white-collar, variabel yang paling berpengaruh terhadap sindrom metabolik adalah usia dan jenis kelamin, dengan hubungan yang signifikan. Sementara itu, pada kelompok blue-collar, variabel yang paling berpengaruh meliputi usia, jenis kelamin, dan konsumsi minuman manis. Tingginya prevalensi sindrom metabolik pada kedua kelompok pekerja ini menunjukkan perlunya perhatian masyarakat untuk menerapkan gaya hidup sehat guna mencegah risiko sindrom metabolik.
Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of various conditions that increase the risk of heart disease, diabetes and stroke, and its prevalence is increasing worldwide, including in Indonesia. Workers, both in the white-collar and blue-collar categories, are often exposed to different risk factors due to their lifestyle and work environment. This study aims to analyze the incidence of metabolic syndrome in white-collar and blue-collar workers in Indonesia based on the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey (IHS) data. With a total sample of 8,582 individuals, consisting of 4,053 white-collar workers and 4,529 blue-collar workers, this study used a cross-sectional study design and multivariate analysis with modified Cox hazard. Independent variables analyzed included age, gender, education, physical activity, smoking behavior, alcohol consumption, consumption of sweet foods, consumption of sweet drinks, consumption of salty foods, consumption of fatty foods, consumption of processed meat/chicken/fish with preservatives, and mental health disorders. The results showed that the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in the white-collar group reached 51%, while in the blue-collar group it was 42.9%. In the white-collar group, the most influential variables on metabolic syndrome were age and gender, with significant relationships. Meanwhile, in the blue-collar group, the most influential variables included age, gender, and consumption of sugary drinks. The high prevalence of metabolic syndrome in these two groups of workers indicates the need for public attention to adopt a healthy lifestyle to prevent the risk of metabolic syndrome.
S-11855
Depok : FKM UI, 2025
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Muhammad Farhan Dwi Yulianto; Pembimbing: Helda; Penguji: Tri Yunis Miko Wahyono, Rindu Rachmiaty
Abstrak:
Stroke merupakan salah satu penyakit tidak menular yang menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat di dunia termasuk di Indonesia. Sekumpulan faktor risiko yang dapat berinteraksi bersama yang terdiri dari obesitas sentral, kadar trigliserida tinggi, kadar kolesterol HDL rendah, kadar GDP tinggi, dan hipertensi dikenal dengan istilah sindrom metabolik (IDF, 2006). Seseorang yang mengalami sindrom metabolik mempunyai peluang 3 kali untuk mengalami serangan jantung dan stroke (IDF, 2006). Sementara, menurut IDF (2006) diestimasi bahwa 20-25% penduduk dewasa di dunia mengalami sindrom metabolik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara sindrom metabolik dengan kejadian stroke pada penduduk berusia ≥ 15 tahun di Indonesia setelah dikontrol oleh variabel kovariat. Desain studi penelitian yaitu potong lintang (cross sectional) dengan menggunakan data Riskesdas 2018. Sampel penelitian yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi diperoleh sebesar 24.451 responden. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, diperoleh proporsi stroke berdasarkan diagnosis dokter sebesar 1,2%. Proporsi sindrom metabolik diperoleh sebesar 24,4%. Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara sindrom metabolik dengan kejadian stroke dengan nilai p sebesar 0,001 dengan POR sebesar 2,370 (95% CI: 1,872-3,001), artinya responden yang mengalami sindrom metabolik mempunyai odds atau peluang 2,370 kali lebih tinggi untuk mengalami stroke dibandingkan responden yang tidak mengalami sindrom metabolik. Hasil analisis multivariat diperoleh hubungan yang signifikan antara sindrom metabolik dengan kejadian stroke (nilai p = 0,000) dengan aPOR sebesar 2,415 (95% CI: 1,883-3,099) dan diperoleh adanya variabel confounding yaitu variabel jenis kelamin dan usia. Sindrom metabolik dapat menjadi faktor yang penting untuk diperhatikan dalam upaya pencegahan dan pengendalian stroke di Indonesia.
Kata Kunci: Sindrom Metabolik, Stroke, Riskesdas 2018
Stroke is a non-communicable disease that becomes one of public health problems in the world, including in Indonesia. A group of risk factors that can be interacted together including central obesity, high triglyceride levels, low HDL levels, high GDP levels, and hypertension are known as metabolic metabolism (IDF, 2006). The person who has metabolic syndrome has a chance 3 times to have heart attacks and strokes (IDF, 2006). Meanwhile, according to IDF (2006) it is estimated that 20-25% of the adult population in the world having metabolic syndrome. This research aims to study the relationship between metabolic syndrome and stroke event in population aged ≥ 15 years old in Indonesia after being controlled by covariate variables. The design study of this research is cross sectional using data from Riskesdas 2018. The sample of this research that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria was 24,451 respondents. Based on the result of the analysis, the proportion of strokes based on the doctor's diagnosis is 1.2%. The proportion of metabolic syndrome obtained is 24.4%. There is a significant relationship between metabolic syndrome and the stroke event with a p value of 0.001 with a POR of 2.370 (95% CI: 1.8872,001), which means that respondents with metabolic syndrome has a chance or odds 2.370 times higher for stroke compared to respondents without metabolic syndrome. The results of multivariate analysis obtained a significant relationship between metabolic syndrome and stroke event (p = 0,000) with aPOR of 2,415 (95% CI: 1,883- 3,099) and obtained confounding variables such as gender and age. Metabolic syndrome can be an important factor to consider in efforts to prevent and control stroke event in Indonesia.
Keywords: Metabolic Syndrome, Stroke, Riskesdas 2018
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Kata Kunci: Sindrom Metabolik, Stroke, Riskesdas 2018
Stroke is a non-communicable disease that becomes one of public health problems in the world, including in Indonesia. A group of risk factors that can be interacted together including central obesity, high triglyceride levels, low HDL levels, high GDP levels, and hypertension are known as metabolic metabolism (IDF, 2006). The person who has metabolic syndrome has a chance 3 times to have heart attacks and strokes (IDF, 2006). Meanwhile, according to IDF (2006) it is estimated that 20-25% of the adult population in the world having metabolic syndrome. This research aims to study the relationship between metabolic syndrome and stroke event in population aged ≥ 15 years old in Indonesia after being controlled by covariate variables. The design study of this research is cross sectional using data from Riskesdas 2018. The sample of this research that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria was 24,451 respondents. Based on the result of the analysis, the proportion of strokes based on the doctor's diagnosis is 1.2%. The proportion of metabolic syndrome obtained is 24.4%. There is a significant relationship between metabolic syndrome and the stroke event with a p value of 0.001 with a POR of 2.370 (95% CI: 1.8872,001), which means that respondents with metabolic syndrome has a chance or odds 2.370 times higher for stroke compared to respondents without metabolic syndrome. The results of multivariate analysis obtained a significant relationship between metabolic syndrome and stroke event (p = 0,000) with aPOR of 2,415 (95% CI: 1,883- 3,099) and obtained confounding variables such as gender and age. Metabolic syndrome can be an important factor to consider in efforts to prevent and control stroke event in Indonesia.
Keywords: Metabolic Syndrome, Stroke, Riskesdas 2018
S-10417
Depok : FKM UI, 2020
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Maratul Arifatuddina; Pembimbing: Tri Yunis Miko Wahyono; Penguji: Yovsyah, Nurjannah
Abstrak:
Penelitian ini menggunakan data STBP 2018-2019 dengan desain penelitian cross sectional. Sampel penelitian yaitu seorang yang secara biologis laki-laki dan dikenali sebagai Waria berumur 15 tahun atau lebih yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi berujumlah 2.357. Data dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat.
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S-10532
Depok : FKM-UI, 2021
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Ba'da Febriani; Pembimbing: Trisari Anggondowati; Penguji: Sudarto Ronoatmodjo, Misti
Abstrak:
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Diabetes melitus (DM) masih menjadi tantangan bagi negara berkembang termasuk Indonesia. International Diabetes Federation (IDF) memproyeksikan angka DM di Indonesia akan meningkat 150%, menjadi 28,6 juta jiwa pada tahun 2045. WHO merekomendasikan kelompok berisiko untuk melakukan kombinasi dari konsumsi buah dan sayur ≥5 porsi/hari serta melakukan aktivitas fisik cukup untuk hasil optimal dalam menurunkan risiko DM. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui hubungan antara efek gabungan konsumsi buah-sayur dan aktivitas fisik dengan DM pada penduduk dewasa usia 18-64 tahun di Indonesia tahun 2023. Desain studi cross sectional dari data sekunder Survei Kesehatan Indonesia (SKI) tahun 2023 dengan total sampel 23.821 orang dewasa berusia 18-64 tahun di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi DM pada orang dewasa sebesar 15,2%. Analisis multivariat dengan uji logistic regression menunjukkan asosiasi yang tidak signifikan antara konsumsi buah-sayur <3 porsi/hari dan aktivitas fisik kurang dibandingkan dengan penduduk dewasa yang mengonsumsi buah-sayur ≥5 porsi/hari dan aktivitas fisik cukup (RRCorrected 1,2; 95%CI 1,08-1,52 p value 0,607), artinya penduduk dewasa yang mengonsumsi buah-sayur <3 porsi/hari dan memiliki aktivitas fisik rendah memiliki tren peningkatan risiko DM sebesar 1,2 kali lebih tinggi dibandingkan orang dewasa yang mengonsumsi buah-sayur ≥5 porsi/hari dan aktivitas fisik cukup setelah dikontrol variabel usia, jenis kelamin, hipertensi dan obesitas sentral, meskipun tidak signifikan secara statistik. Optimalisasi upaya pencegahan DM dengan meningkatkan intake buah-sayur agar memenuhi rekomendasi ≥5 porsi/hari dapat dilakukan penduduk dewasa usia 18-64 tahun yang disertai dengan meningkatkan kegiatan aktivitas fisik baik sedang maupun berat serta meningkatkan kegiatan olah raga bersama baik di sekolah, kampus, kantor maupun di rumah.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) remains a significant challenge for developing countries, including Indonesia. The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) projects that the number of DM cases in Indonesia will increase by 150%, reaching 28,6 million by 2045. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that high-risk groups adopt a combination of consuming ≥5 servings of fruits and vegetables per day and engaging in sufficient physical activity for optimal results in reducing DM risk. This study aims to examine the association between the combined effects of fruit and vegetable consumption and physical activity on DM among adults aged 18–64 years in Indonesia in 2023. The study used a cross-sectional design with secondary data from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey (SKI), involving a total sample of 23,821 adults aged 18–64 in Indonesia. The findings revealed that the prevalence of DM among adults was 15,2%. Multivariate analysis using logistic regression showed a non-significant association between consuming <3 servings of fruits and vegetables per day with insufficient physical activity compared to adults who consumed ≥5 servings per day and engaged in adequate physical activity (RRcorrected 1,2; 95% CI 1,08–1,52, p-value 0,607). This suggests that adults with low fruit and vegetable intake (<3 servings/day) and low physical activity had a trend of a 1,2 times higher risk of DM compared to those who met the recommended intake (≥5 servings/day) and had sufficient physical activity, after controlling for age, sex, hypertension, and central obesity—though the result was not statistically significant. To optimize DM prevention efforts, adults aged 18–64 should increase their fruit and vegetable intake to meet the recommended ≥5 servings per day, alongside increasing moderate to vigorous physical activity and promoting group exercise activities in schools, universities, workplaces, and at home.
T-7322
Depok : FKM UI, 2025
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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