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Latar Belakang: Campak merupakan penyakit yang dapat dicegah dengan imunisasi (PD3I). Pada tahun 2018 dilaporkan lebih dari 140.000 orang meninggal karena campak terutama anak-anak dibawah usia 5 tahun, meskipun vaksin sudah tersedia Pencapaian target imunisasi di Indonesia mengalami penurunan dari tahun 2022 ke tahun 2023. Imunisasi campak sangat berperan dalam menurunkan angka kematian anak, maka imunisasi campak merupakan salah satu indikator pencapaian tujuan SDGs ketiga yaitu kehidupan sehat dan sejahtera. Adanya penemuan kasus campak yang tinggi di tahun 2023 dibandingkan tahun sebelumnya, sehingga penulis tertarik untuk melakukan penelitian epidemiologi kasus campak di wilayah Kota Bogor Tahun 2022 sampai tahun 2024.
Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi epidemiologi deskriptif. Data yang diambildalam penelitian ini yaitu berupa data sekunder. Data tersebut diperoleh Tim Surveilans dan imunisasi P3MS, Bidang P2P, Dinas Kesehatan Kota Bogor adalah data pelaporan kasus campak dan cakupan imunisasi dari tahun 2022 - 2024. Data berupa spreadsheets laporan kasus campak.
Hasil : Gambaran epidemiologi kasus campak di Kota Bogor tahun 2022 - 2024 terdapat pada tahun 2023 jenis kelamin laki-laki sebanyak 176 anak. Pada kelompok umur 2-5 tahun (42,9%) selanjutnya 5-10 tahun (31,4%) dan kelompok umur kurang dari 1 tahun (19,1). Kasus paling banyak terdapat di Kecamatan Bogor Barat (97 kasus) dan Bogor Selatan (93 kasus), serta kasus tertinggi terjadi pada tahun 2023 sebanyak 340 kasus. Cakupan imunisasi yang rendah diantara kasus konfirmasi positif
Kesimpulan dan Saran: Gambaran epidemiologi kasus campak di Kota Bogor tahun 2022 - 2024 populasi terbanyak dengan kelompok umur 2-5 tahun, dan jenis kelamin laki-laki. Kasus paling banyak terdapat di Kecamatan Bogor Barat dan Bogor Selatan, serta kasus tertinggi terjadi pada tahun 2023. Perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut dengan metode kualitatif tren kasus campak di wilayah Bogor Selatan. Penguatan sistem pemantauan di kecamatan resiko tinggi, kolaborasi dengan organisasi masyarakat dalam peningkatan kesadaran imunisasi, dan mengadakan pelatihan serta workshop rutin untuk kemampuan komunikasi kepada masyarakat.
Background Measles is a disease that can be prevented by immunization (PD3l). In 2018, it was reported that more than 14,000 people died caused by measles, especially children under 5 years old, Even though vaccines are available, the achievement of immunization targets in Indonesia has decreased from 2022 to 2023. Measles immunization plays an important role in reducing child mortality. Measles immunization is one of the indicators of achieving the third SDGs goal, namely a healthy and prosperous life. There was a high discovery of measles cases in 2023 compared to the previous year, so the author was interested in conducting epidemiological research on measles cases in Bogor 2022 to 2024. Methods This research used a descriptive epidemiological study design. The data used in this research is secondary data. This data was obtained by the P3MS Surveillance and Immunization Team, P2P Division, Bogor City Health Service. data form reporting of measles cases and immunization coverage 2022 - 2024. data form spreadsheets of measles case reports. Result Epidemiological case description of measles in Bogor 2022 - 2024, in 2023 the male gender was 176 children. In the age group 2-5 years (42.9%) then 5-10 years (31.4%) and the age group less than 1 year (19.1). The most cases were in West Bogor District (97 cases) and South Bogor (93 cases), and the highest cases occurred in 2023 as many as 340 cases.Low immunization coverage among confirmed positive cases. Conclution and Suggestions: Epidemiological descriptive of measles cases in Bogor City in 2022-2024, the largest population is in the 2-5 year age group, and male gender. The most cases are in West Bogor and South Bogor, and the highest cases occurred in 2023. Futher research is needed using qualitative methods on measles case trends in the South Bogor area. Stengthening the monitoring system in high risk districts, collaborating with community organizations in increasing immunization awareness, and holding routine and workshop for communication skills to the community.
COVID-19 is a global health problem. Clinical manifestations are asymptomatic to death. This study aims to determine the risk factors for death of COVID-19 patients in DKI Jakarta Province. The study design was a retrospective cohort using secondary data from the Epidemiological Investigation Form at the DKI Jakarta Provincial Health Office (2 March - 20 December 2020). The sample is a confirmed patient of COVID-19 based on RT-PCR, age 18 years, the last condition recorded: alive or dead, recorded at the DKI Jakarta Provincial Health Office, and comes from the DKI Jakarta Province. Patients who were self-isolating and being treated were excluded from this study. Cox regression analysis of 100,540 samples showed that the variables that increased the risk of death of COVID-19 patients were male (RR = 1.28 [95% CI: 1.11-1.47]; p = 0.001), age 40-59 years (RR = 5.62 [95% CI: 4.37-7.23]; p<0.001), age 60 years (RR = 12.99 [95% CI: 10.03-16.81]; p<0.001), shortness of breath (RR = 2.50 [CI 95%: 2.06-3.03]; p<0.001), pneumonia (RR = 5.39 [CI95%: 4.14-6.59]; p0).