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Aktivitas fisik sebagai salah satu pilar penatalaksanaan Diabetes Mellitus dan pemeriksaan HbAlc sebagai evaluasi kendali gula darah jangka panjang seringkali tidak digunakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai fisibilitas dan efektivitas aktivitas fisik dan kendali gula darah pada penyandang DM tipe 2 di masyarakat pada umumnya. Studi menggunakan desain kohort prospektif dengan 5 bulan masa pengamatan (12 November 2007 - 9 April 2008) dan 2 lokasi pengambilan sampel: di kelompok senam DM (persadia) dan di poliklinik DM RS Husada, Jakarta. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode non-random sampling secara consecutive selama 2 bulan masa enrollment. Sampel adalah 95 orang penyandang DM tipe 2 yang telah menandatangani formulir informed consent. Variabel independen utama adalah aktivitas fisik yang dinilai baik dari segi frekuensi, durasi, intensitas maupun kompositnya, menggunakan kuesioner yang telah divalidasi. Sedangkan variabel dependen-nya adalah kendali gula darah yang dinilai dari kadar HbAlc plasma vena darah dalam persen. Data dikumpulkan dan diukur dua kali: pada awal dan akhir penelitian (minimal 12 minggu setelah data pertama diambil). Analisis multivariat dilakukan dengan Regresi Cox Proportional Hazard menggunakan perangkat STATA versi 9.2. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan adanya hubungan antara aktivitas fisik dan kendali gula darah pada 95 orang penyandang DM tipe 2 di RS Husada Jakarta (HRadjusted = 0,54; 95%CI 0,27-1,11) selelah dikQntrol terhadap variabel pengobatan dan pola konsumsi serat. Dengan demikian, tenaga kesehatan tidak perlu lagi ragu-ragu untuk menganjurkan para penyandang DM tipe 2 untuk mengintegrasikan aktivitas fisik ke dalam kehidupan mereka sehari-hari guna memperbaiki kendali gula darahnya.
Physical acitivity is often underutilized as one of the cornerstones of diabetes management and so is the use of HbAlc in long-term glycemic control. The purpose of this study is to assess the feasibility and effectiveness of physical activity and blood glucose control among diabetes type 2 patients in general population. A prospective cohort study design was used to conduct the study for a period of 5 months (l2th November 2007 - 9th April 2008) using 2 catchment areas: diabetes exercise club (persadia) and diabetes policlinic Husada Hospital, Jakarta. A non-random (consecutive) sampling technique during a 2-month enrollment period yielded a participation of 95 type 2 diabetes patients as study subjects, all of whom have signed informed consents. The main independent variable assessed was physical activity in the forms of frequency, duration, intensity and composite using validated questionnaires whilst the outcome of blood glucose control expressed as percentage of plama venous HbAlc. Data were collected twice: at baseline and at least 12 weeks after. Multivariate analysis was conducted using Cox Proportional Hazard Regression and the software STATA 9.2 version. Results from the study found an association between physical activity and blood glucose control among 95 diabetes type 2 patients in Husada Hospital Jakarta (HRadjusted = 0,54; 95%CI 0,27-1,11) after adjusting for drug therapy and dietary pattern consumption of fibre. ThUs. health care providers should not be hesitant to advice diabetics patients to integrate physical activity into their daily lives in order to improve their glycemic control.
Covid-19 (Coronavirus Disease-2019) is a new disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus-2). Old age (≥65 years old), male, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, COPD, and cancer are associated with higher mortality risk. The design of this study is case control using secondary data penelusuran epidemiologi (PE) of Dinas Kesehatan Kota Tangerang Selatan since March 2020-July 2021. The sample size from each case and control was 344 so the total sample was 688 sample. Proportion of Covid-19 patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) is 44.77% in case group and 8.14% in control group. Bivariate analysis of the association of diabetes mellitus with mortality among Covid-19 patients in South Tangerang showed OR=12.47 (p-value=0.0000; 95% CI 6.9-24). Multivariate analysis using logistic regression showed OR=15.87 (p-value=0.000; 95% CI 7.09-35.5) after age, hypertension, interaction between DM and hypertension, and interaction between DM and autoimmune disease were controlled
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic non-communicable diseases that become amajor cause of death in the population of women aged 45-54 years. This study aimsto determine the prevalence and risk factors of the occurance of diabetes mellitusbased on diagnosis and symptoms in adult women in Indonesia. This study used asecondary data Riskesdas 2007 with a cross-sectional design. Samples were adultwomen aged ≥ 18 years who are not pregnant, blood preasure was measured, and hasthe complete data. Results showed the prevalence of diabetes is based on thediagnosis and symptoms in adult women is 1.6%. The results of the bivariate analysisshowed there was a significant association (p value < 0,05) between age, educationlevel, employment status, marital status, physical activity, smoking, mentalemotional disorder, body mass index, central obesity, and hypertension with diabetesoccurance in adult women. Therefore, it is necessary to take prevention and earlydetection (screening) of the risk factors and blood sugar screening as early aspossible.Keywords: risk factors, diabetes mellitus, adult women, Indonesia, Riskesdas
Stroke merupakan salah satu penyebab utama kematian di Indonesia. Individu dengan diabetes mellitus tipe 2 memiliki risiko lebih tinggi untuk mengalami stroke dibandingkan populasi umum. Namun, penelitian terkait faktor-faktor kejadian stroke pada penderita diabetes mellitus tipe 2 di Indonesia masih terbatas dan umumnya dilakukan di tingkat rumah sakit, sehingga cakupan populasinya kecil dan tidak merepresentasikan kondisi secara nasional. Oleh karena itu, tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran faktor kejadian stroke pada penderita diabetes mellitus tipe 2 di Indonesia. Data berasal dari Survei Kesehatan Indonesia 2023 dengan menggunakan desain studi potong lintang. Responden terdiri dari 17.186 penderita diabetes mellitus tipe 2 di Indonesia. Analisis menggunakan uji kai kuadrat untuk jenis data kategorik dan uji-t independent untuk jenis data numerik berdistribusi normal/Mann Whitney untuk jenis data numerik yang tidak berdistribusi normal. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa prevalensi kejadian stroke pada penderita diabetes mellitus tipe 2 di Indonesia sebesar 4,5%. Hasil penelitian juga menemukan asosiasi perbedaan proporsi antara beberapa faktor secara individual terhadap kejadian stroke. Pada faktor sosiodemografi, usia ≥ 55 Tahun (POR: 1,768; 95% CI: 1,378 – 2,267), jenis kelamin laki-laki (POR: 1,475; 95% CI: 1,179 – 1,845), tingkat pendidikan rendah (POR: 0,556; 95% CI: 0,416 – 0,743), dan wilayah tempat tinggal di perdesaan (POR: 0,748; 95% CI: 0,576 – 0,972); faktor metabolik, kadar tekanan darah tinggi (hipertensi) (POR: 1,549; 95% CI: 1,203 – 1,995); faktor klinis, usia pertama kali didiagnosis DM ≤ 43 tahun (POR: 0,514; 95% CI: 0,358 – 0,736) dan lama menderita DM 5 – 9 Tahun (POR: 1,363; 95% CI: 1,037 – 1,791) dan ≥ 10 Tahun (POR: 1,322; 95% CI: 1,009 – 1,731); dan faktor perilaku, konsumsi makanan berisiko (POR: 0,603; 95% CI: 0,462 – 0,787) menunjukkan perbedaan proporsi yang berarti antara masing masing faktor terhadap kejadian stroke. Diharapkan pemangku kebijakan dapat mempertimbangkan faktor-faktor tersebut untuk menerapkan kebijakan atau program yang dapat menurunkan prevalensi kejadian stroke pada penderita diabetes mellitus tipe 2 di Indonesia.
Stroke is one of the leading causes of death in Indonesia. Individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus are at a higher risk of experiencing stroke compared to the general population. However, research on stroke risk factors among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Indonesia remains limited and mostly on hospital-based, resulting in a small population scope that does not represent the national condition. Therefore, this study aims to examine the factors associated with stroke among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients using data from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey with a cross-sectional design, involving 17,186 respondents. The analysis used the chi-square test for categorical data and the independent t-test for numerical data with a normal distribution, or the Mann-Whitney test for numerical data that are not normally distributed. This study found that the prevalence of stroke among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Indonesia was 4.5%. The results also showed differences in proportions between several single factors and the occurrence of stroke: sociodemographic factors such as age ≥ 55 years (POR: 1,768; 95% CI: 1,378 – 2,267), male (POR: 1,475; 95% CI: 1,179 – 1,845), low education level (POR: 0,556; 95% CI: 0,416 – 0,743), and residing in rural areas (POR: 0,748; 95% CI: 0,576 – 0,972); metabolic factor was high blood pressure (POR: 1,549; 95% CI: 1,203 – 1,995); clinical factors such as being diagnosed with diabetes at ≤ 43 years old (POR: 0,514; 95% CI: 0,358 – 0,736) and diabetes duration of 5 – 9 years (POR: 1,363; 95% CI: 1,037 – 1,791) and ≥ 10 years (POR: 1,322; 95% CI: 1,009 – 1,731); and behavioral factor was consumption of high-risk foods (POR: 0,603; 95% CI: 0,462 – 0,787). These findings highlight the need for policymakers to consider these factors in developing strategies and programs to reduce the prevalence of stroke among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Indonesia.
