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Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan analisis tematik untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor kontribusi dan interaksinya dalam seluruh laporan investigasi tersebut. Berdasarkan pendekatan sistem sosioteknis, terdapat peran dan kontribusi dari lima tingkatan sistem sosioteknis kereta api di Indonesia yang saling berinteraksi dalam terjadinya kecelakaan kereta api, meliputi: pemerintah atau badan regulator transportasi kereta api; organisasi atau perusahaan lain terkait; manajemen perusahaan pelaksana operasi kereta api; proses dan tindakan fisik petugas, awak, operator, teknisi dan; kondisi peralatan, sarana, prasarana dan lingkungan sekitar.
Hasil dari penelitian ini telah menunjukkan beberapa rekomendasi untuk intervensi pencegahan kecelakaan dan peningkatan kinerja keselamatan transportasi kereta api di Indonesia. Penelitian ini juga berhasil menunjukkan bahwa pendekatan sistem sosioteknis dalam analisis kecelakaan telah memberikan gambaran permasalahan dan kondisi serta interaksinya dari berbagai tingkatan yang saling berpengaruh dalam terjadinya kecelakaan-kecelakaan kereta api di Indonesia. Pendekatan sistem sosioteknis diharapkan dapat diterapkan dalam proses investigasi kecelakaan untuk mendapatkan gambaran permasalahan dan interaksinya secara lebih komprehensif.
The number of cases of train accidents in Indonesia is still quite large in the last few years. This thesis will analayze train accident cases in Indonesia using a sociotechnical system approach accident model called AcciMap developed by Jens Rasmussen. Source of data comes from train accident investigation reports in Indonesia during 2015 ? 2021 which have been created and published by the National Transportation Safety Committee (KNKT).
This study uses a qualitative approach with thematic analysis to identify contributing factors and their interactions within the reports. Based on the sociotechnical system approach, there are roles and contributions from the five levels of the sociotechnical rail transportation system in Indonesia that interact each other in the occurrence of accidents, including: the government or rail transport regulatory agency; other related organizations or companies; management of companies implementing railway operations; processes and physical actions of officers, crew, operators, technicians and; condition of equipment, facilities, infrastructure and the surrounding environment.
The results of this study have shown several recommendations for accident prevention interventions and improving the safety performance of rail transportation in Indonesia. This study also demonstrates that the sociotechnical system approach in accident analysis has provided an comprehensive view of the problems and conditions and their interactions from various levels that influence each other in the occurrence of train accidents in Indonesia. The results also suggest that sociotechnical system approach is expected to be applied in the accident investigation process to get more comprehensive informations and insights within the accident.
Kata Kunci : Kebisingan, Masinis Kereta Api, Gangguan Pendengaran.
Research about noise exposure has been much done on a locomotive train, whilesimilar research on commuter line train is still rare. Cabin machinist the commuterline also potentially exposed to high noise from sound that coming from the trainitself or from another train that passed while on the road. This research method isquantitative cross-sectional approach. The sample size in this research was 199machinist commuter line. Measurement noise rate inside the cabin is measuredwith a sound level meter and other risk factors was collected by questionnaire.The result showed that 62.3 % machinist have no disorders of hearing subjectiveand average rate of noise in the cabin was still below threshold value so there wasno risk factors associated with hearing complaints subjective. However, it shouldbe considered to measure noise rate in all types of circuit train, and always closethe window cabin, as well as audiometric examination as base line data for PT.KAI on auditory function machinist
Keyword : Hearing Disorders; Noise; Train Machinist.
Ketel uap dalam penggunaannya untuk berbagai kebutuhan industri mengandung resiko bahaya yang memerlukan perhatian, karena menghasilkan uap panas, bertekanan dan dapat meledak. Kegiatan-kegiatan di dalam mengoperasikan ketel uap tersebut harus dipenuhi agar dalam pengoperasiannya berjalan lancar dan aman. Agar tahu seberapa besar resiko dari kegiatan-kegiatan pengoperasian ketel uap tersebut perlu dilakukan analisa resiko terhadap salah satu jenis ketel uap yang bila meledak akan menghasilkan ledakan yang hebat dibandingkan dengan jenis ketel uap lainnya, yaitu ketel uap silinder mendatar pipa api. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk meadapatkan gambaran resiko dari kegiatan-kegiatan pengoperasian ketel uap pipa api di pabrik NSD PT. Unilever Indonesia Tbk - Cikarang - Bekasi dan di pabrik PT. Nestle Indonesia - Cikupa - Tangerang.Penelitian dilakukan dengsn pengamatan secara langsung di unit pengoperasian ketel uap. Sampel penelitian adalah kegiatan-kegiatan pengoperasian ketel uap. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan check list, diskusi dan wawancara langsung dan dari data-data sekunder. Analisa data terdiri dari analisa terhadap kegiatan-kegiatan sebelum pengoperasian ketel uap pipa api, terhadap kegiatan-kegiatan pada saat mulai pengoperasian ketel uap pipa api dan terhadap kegiatan-kegiatan selama pengoperasian ketel uap pipa api.Dari hasil analisa di dapat bahwa kegiatan-kegiatan pengoperasian ketel uap pipa api di kedua perusahan tersebut telah dilakukan secara baik dan benar, selain itu alat-alat perlengkapan termasuk alat-alat pengaman ketel uap pipa api di kedua perusahaan tersebut juga masih bekerja dengan baik, yang menjadikan kegiatan-kegiatan pengoperasian ketel uap pipa api di kedua perusahaan tersebut mempunyai tingkat resiko paling tinggi adalah pada tingkat substansial.Saran yang dapat diberikan adalah agar peneliti lain dapat melanjutkan penelitian ini dengan jenis ketel uap yang berbeda. Sebaiknya PT. Unilever Indonesia - Cikarang - Bekasi dan PT. Nestle Indonesia Cikupa - Tangerang - menugaskan para operator ketel uap hanya untuk melayani ketel uap saja. Kinerja terus ditingkatkan agar kegiatan-kegiatan pengoperasian ketel uap pipa api tetap mempunyai tingkat resiko yang rendah.
Risk Analysis of Fire Tube Boiler Operation at Non Soap Detergent Plant PT. Unilever Indonesia Tbk - Cikarang - Bekasi and at Plant of PT. Nestle Indonesia -Cikupa - TangerangThe usage of boilers in many industries is contains hazard risk that need a special treatment. They generate a pressure steam and can explode. The activities of boiler operation should be allowed in order -to operate smoothly. In order to know how big the risk of boiler operation activities, it need to be carried out risk analysis of one kind of boiler that could explode and cause big explosion. That is fire tube cylinder boiler. The aim of this research is to get risk description of boiler operation activities at NSD Plant PT. Unilever Indonesia Tbk - Cikarang - Bekasi and at Plant of PT. Nestle Indonesia - Cikupa - Tangerang.The research is carried out visually in boiler operation unit. Research samples are boiler operation activities. The data collection is carried out by check list, discussion, interview and secondary data. The data analysis is comprised of analysis on activities before operation, start operation and during operation for fire tube cylinder boiler.Based on results of analysis, it will be getting that the activities of boiler operation have been carried out appropriately. The accessories and safety devices of fire tube boiler in both companies have the highest risk -that is substantial level.The advice is the other research could continue this research with different type of boiler. The both companies assign boiler operator to operate boiler only. The performances keep to be developed in order to that activities of boiler operation have low risk level.
Salah satu bahaya yang sering melanda daerah pengembangan lapangan Panas Bumi adalah gerakan tanah. Secara alamiah daerah panas bumi adalah sangat rentan terhadap pergerakan tanah, karena daerah tersebut umumnya didaerah vulkanik, dimana jalur patahan banyak ditemukan dan kegiatan gempa bumi relatif tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi penyebaran potensi bahaya gerakan tanah dan mengevaluasi tingkat bahayanya terhadap kegiatan pengembangan Panas Bumi didaerah Wayang Windu, Jawa Barat.Ada enam lokasi potensi bahaya gerakan tanah telah di petakan, menyebar secara tidak teratur di daerah penelitian. Methoda yang digunakan untuk mengevaluasi tingkat bahaya potensi gerakan tanah adalah dengan mengenalisa tingkat ketidakstabilan lereng dari masing-masing lokasi potensi gerakan tanah dan kemuadian mengenalisa tingkat kerugian terhadap property, manusia maupun lingkungan yang mungkin terjadi sebagai akibat gerakan tanah tersebut. Dari hasil penelitian dibuat program yang ter-integrasi untuk pencegahan, mitigasi atau perbaikan dalam rangka mengelola potensi bahaya tersebut.Daftar bacaan : 26 (1977 - 2002)
Rock Movement Hazards Analysis at the Wayang Windu Geothermal Development FieldNaturally, geothermal development fields are susceptible to rock movement hazards because the areas are normally developed in volcanic regions, where fault structures are well developed and earthquake occurrence is highly intense. The purpose of this research is to identify the potential rock movement hazards and to assess the potential risk to property, employees, and possibly to the environment at the Wayang Windu geothermal development field, West Java.Six (6) potential rock movement hazards were mapped, geographically disseminated from the north to the south in the field investigation. The method used to assess the level of potential rock movement hazards was to analyze the slope instability of every single potential landslide that was identified and then evaluate the level of potential loss or vulnerability to property, humans, and the environment associated with the identified potential landslides. From the results of the research, we will make a recommendation to management on the best, cost-effective way to manage the potential hazards.References : 26 (1977 - 2002)
Robot is a complex and complicated machine with the ability to move at differentspeeds and in different directions. The interaction between human, robot andenvironment contribute to create risk endangering people and property which islocated around the robot. Based on information from the official website of theUS labor department from 1984 to 2013. There have been 37 fatal accidents in theworkplace related to robots. This thesis discusses the risk assessment carried outon the operation and maintenance work of the robot at PT X. Identification ofdanger in this study using a job hazard analysis (JSA / JHA) and the calculation ofthe risk value using semi-quantitative analysis method. The results of this studyprovide an overview of risk level operation and maintenance work of the robot,where the highest risk is hit by a robot arm while doing the work operation andmaintenance robot. The risk level is obtained from the combination of theprobability of occurrence and severity of impact. These research give somerecommendation to control residual risks.
