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Employees as human resources play an important role in pacify and expand a production process. They carry out a necessary working activity that in some cases are exposed by the risk of dangerous situation. Occupation accident in an industry, especially in a manufacturing company constitute as undesired evidence. Labor protection principle in occupational accident not only evaluate a potential risk of danger but also find out the cause of emergence. This thesis emphasizes on the cause factors of accident that might suddenly happen in preceding to the working activity. This study would be explored in the production unit of Bridgestone Tire Indonesia. It uses the Fault Tree Analysis Method with a qualitative research. The result of this research shows that the occupation accident occurring in that company has various types following Heinrich theories that the cause of accident are due to fail of carefulness during working activities and unsafe working conditions. To pay attention on the statistics of accident, based on the yearly report, the evidence has increased about 72,7% from 1999 to 2001, at the time patrol safety clothes, the figure fluctuate. That research only focus on flow think or flow chart for unsafe acts and unsafe conditions with secundair data result in fact with field in Fault tree analysis. From the data field result unsafe condition caused of operation machine, materiil conditions and environment condition. Accupation accident from operation machine caused of operation didn't follow on procedures, abnorm condition and didn't connect. Abnorm conditions may be caused of requirement function unprotect, trouble machine or lable in machine can't understand becaused Kanji letters. On trouble may be caused of didn't function of emergency stop, rope emergency can't caught, trouble operator to find manual stop or less of requirement gived. Environment conditions may be floor not smooth, unbalance cleaning service, not keep on Healhty or narrow office in work, in unsafe acts caused of operator working unfollowed with standard and machine abnorm condition. Operator working unfollowed with standard caused of neglected on working, work without safety clothes, work in machine oparation, work withough requirement protect, and hurry working, work unsafe body position, work trouble, unsafe requirement. Work without safety clothe s caused of safety clothes broken, unwilling safety clothes, safety clothes unrelative give, working with safety clothes unpleasant or safety clothes not enough stock. In hurry working caused of in hurry finish or in hurry order target. Trouble working caused of don't know risk or low educated. Hopefully this thesis could contribute to decrease the figure of accident in the manufacturing companies.Bibliography : 35 ( 1980-2000)
Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor-faktor penyebab kecelakaan kebakaran yang terjadi pada industri migas di Indonesia pada tahun tersebut adalah disebabkan faktor manusia sebesar 41,67% atau 15 kejadian, faktor peralatan 41,67% atau 15 kejadian, faktor alam (gempa bumi) 1 kejadian atau 2,78% dan faktor lain sebesar 13, 89% atau 5 kejadian. Sedangkan akar penyebab (root cause) utama kecelakaan kebakaran tersebut pada faktor manusia adalah tidak adanya pengawasan (11 kejadian) dan untuk faktor peralatan disebabkan kurangnya program pemeliharaan yang bersifat pencegahan/ prediksi (10 kejadian).
Every year always happened a fire accident on the oil and gas industry in Indonesia and caused huge losses both on the material, equipment, environment and people and disruption of the production process too. Therefore, efforts need to be done to prevent the occurrence of fire accidents is by finding the root cause. This study aims to analyze the root causes of fire accidents. This study is a qualitative research design with descriptive analytic. The study was conducted in a fire accident years 2006-2010 in the territory of Indonesia by taking a secondary data from the Directorate General of Oil and Gas.
Research results indicate that these factors cause a fire accident that occurred on oil and gas industry in Indonesia for the year was caused by human performance difficulty of 41.67% or 15 events, equipment difficulty 41.67% or 15 incidents, natural disaster factors (earthquakes) 1 incidents or 2.78%, and other factors of 13, 89% or 5 events. While the root cause a major fire accident on the human factor is the lack of supervision (11 events) and to factor due to lack of equipment maintenance programs that are preventive/predictive (10 events).
Ketel uap dalam penggunaannya untuk berbagai kebutuhan industri mengandung resiko bahaya yang memerlukan perhatian, karena menghasilkan uap panas, bertekanan dan dapat meledak. Kegiatan-kegiatan di dalam mengoperasikan ketel uap tersebut harus dipenuhi agar dalam pengoperasiannya berjalan lancar dan aman. Agar tahu seberapa besar resiko dari kegiatan-kegiatan pengoperasian ketel uap tersebut perlu dilakukan analisa resiko terhadap salah satu jenis ketel uap yang bila meledak akan menghasilkan ledakan yang hebat dibandingkan dengan jenis ketel uap lainnya, yaitu ketel uap silinder mendatar pipa api. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk meadapatkan gambaran resiko dari kegiatan-kegiatan pengoperasian ketel uap pipa api di pabrik NSD PT. Unilever Indonesia Tbk - Cikarang - Bekasi dan di pabrik PT. Nestle Indonesia - Cikupa - Tangerang.Penelitian dilakukan dengsn pengamatan secara langsung di unit pengoperasian ketel uap. Sampel penelitian adalah kegiatan-kegiatan pengoperasian ketel uap. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan check list, diskusi dan wawancara langsung dan dari data-data sekunder. Analisa data terdiri dari analisa terhadap kegiatan-kegiatan sebelum pengoperasian ketel uap pipa api, terhadap kegiatan-kegiatan pada saat mulai pengoperasian ketel uap pipa api dan terhadap kegiatan-kegiatan selama pengoperasian ketel uap pipa api.Dari hasil analisa di dapat bahwa kegiatan-kegiatan pengoperasian ketel uap pipa api di kedua perusahan tersebut telah dilakukan secara baik dan benar, selain itu alat-alat perlengkapan termasuk alat-alat pengaman ketel uap pipa api di kedua perusahaan tersebut juga masih bekerja dengan baik, yang menjadikan kegiatan-kegiatan pengoperasian ketel uap pipa api di kedua perusahaan tersebut mempunyai tingkat resiko paling tinggi adalah pada tingkat substansial.Saran yang dapat diberikan adalah agar peneliti lain dapat melanjutkan penelitian ini dengan jenis ketel uap yang berbeda. Sebaiknya PT. Unilever Indonesia - Cikarang - Bekasi dan PT. Nestle Indonesia Cikupa - Tangerang - menugaskan para operator ketel uap hanya untuk melayani ketel uap saja. Kinerja terus ditingkatkan agar kegiatan-kegiatan pengoperasian ketel uap pipa api tetap mempunyai tingkat resiko yang rendah.
Risk Analysis of Fire Tube Boiler Operation at Non Soap Detergent Plant PT. Unilever Indonesia Tbk - Cikarang - Bekasi and at Plant of PT. Nestle Indonesia -Cikupa - TangerangThe usage of boilers in many industries is contains hazard risk that need a special treatment. They generate a pressure steam and can explode. The activities of boiler operation should be allowed in order -to operate smoothly. In order to know how big the risk of boiler operation activities, it need to be carried out risk analysis of one kind of boiler that could explode and cause big explosion. That is fire tube cylinder boiler. The aim of this research is to get risk description of boiler operation activities at NSD Plant PT. Unilever Indonesia Tbk - Cikarang - Bekasi and at Plant of PT. Nestle Indonesia - Cikupa - Tangerang.The research is carried out visually in boiler operation unit. Research samples are boiler operation activities. The data collection is carried out by check list, discussion, interview and secondary data. The data analysis is comprised of analysis on activities before operation, start operation and during operation for fire tube cylinder boiler.Based on results of analysis, it will be getting that the activities of boiler operation have been carried out appropriately. The accessories and safety devices of fire tube boiler in both companies have the highest risk -that is substantial level.The advice is the other research could continue this research with different type of boiler. The both companies assign boiler operator to operate boiler only. The performances keep to be developed in order to that activities of boiler operation have low risk level.