Abstrak: Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) merupakan pandemi global yang telah menginfeksi berbagai negara di dunia, termasuk Indonesia. Pembatasan pada kegiatan di luar rumah termasuk penutupan sekolah dalam menekan penularan COVID-19 berdampak pada perubahan aktifitas fisik dan perilaku makan dalam arah yang membahayakan kesehatan dan menimbulkan masalah gizi termasuk gizi lebih dan obesitas serta meningkatkan risiko NCD yang dapat memperparah penyakit COVID-19. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan aktivitas fisik dan kebiasaan konsumsi sebelum dan saat pandemi COVID-19 dan menganalisis hubungannya terhadap status gizi pada siswa SMA terpilih di Kabupaten Lampung Barat. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian cross-sectional dengan menggunakan data primer yang didapatkan melalui pengukuran antropometri, kuesioner dan FFQ yang dilakukan pada bulan juli 2020. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 295 siswa yang dipilih dengan metode total sampling pada SMA Negeri terpilih di Kabupaten Lampung Barat. Analisis bivariat menggunakan uji chi-square dan Mc Nemar. Analisis multivariat menggunakan uji regresi logistik berganda. Hasil univariat menunjukkan prevalensi status gizi lebih dan obesitas pada siswa sebanyak 18%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada hubungan bermakna durasi olahraga (p =0,000 , OR=3,889; 95% CI 2,090-7,236) dan kebiasaan konsumsi gorengan (p=0,000, OR=4,737; 95% CI 2,328-9,641) dengan status gizi lebih dan obesitas pada siswa SMAN terpilih di Kabupaten Lampung Barat. Faktor yang paling dominan terhadap status gizi lebih dan obesitas siswa adalah kebiasaan konsumsi gorengan selama masa pandemi COVID-19. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, diharapkan dilakukan edukasi tentang pola hidup sehat dan gizi seimbang khususnya di masa pandemi COVID-19 serta pentingnya melakukan pemantauan berat badan dengan memaksimalkan penyampaian informasi melalui berbagai media.

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Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic that has infected various countries in the world, including Indonesia. Restrictions on activities outside the home including school closures in suppressing the transmission of COVID-19 have an impact on changes in physical activity and eating behavior in a direction that endangers health and causes nutritional problems including overnutrition and obesity and increases the risk of NCDs that can exacerbate COVID-19 disease. This study aims to determine differences in physical activity and consumption habits before and during the COVID-19 pandemic and to analyze their relationship to nutritional status in selected high school students in West Lampung Regency. This study is a cross-sectional study using primary data obtained through anthropometric measurements, questionnaires and FFQ conducted in July 2020. The research sample amounted to 295 students who were selected by the total sampling method at selected public high schools in West Lampung Regency. Bivariate analysis using chi-square and Mc Nemar tests. Multivariate analysis using multiple logistic regression test. Univariate results showed the prevalence of overweight and obesity in students was 18%. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between exercise duration (p =0,000 , OR=3,889; 95%CI 2,090-7,236) and fried food consumption habits (p=0,000 , OR=4,737; 95% CI 2,328-9,641) with overweight and obesity in selected high school students in West Lampung Regency. The most dominant factor on the overweight and obesity status of students is the habit of consuming fried foods during the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on the results of this study, it is hoped that there will be education about a healthy lifestyle and balanced nutrition, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic and the importance of monitoring body weight by maximizing the delivery of information through various media

Abstrak:

Gizi lebih merupakan suatu masalah gizi yang prevalensinya cenderung meningkat. Berdasarkan survei pendahuluan pada bulan Mei 2006 terhadap 36 mahasiswa program pascasarjanan FKM UI didapatkan 19.4% mahasiswa mempunyai status gizi lebih. Sebelumnya penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Lianawati (2005) terhadap mahasiswa pascasarjana FKM UI menemukan prevalensi gizi lebih sebesar 36.8%. Keadaan tersebut tentunya berbahaya dan mencemaskan karena dapat berdampak pada timbulnya penyakit degeneratif seperti penyakit jantung koroner (PJK) di masa mendatang. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui hubungan antara konsumsi makanan (energi, karbohidrat, lemak, protein), umur, jenis kelamin, suku, pendidikan, pengeluaran, status perkawinan, dan status tempat tinggal dengan status gizi mahasiswa pascasarjana (S2) FKM UI angkatan 2006 dengan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan disain crosssectional yang dilakukan pada tanggal 5 Mei-2 Juni 2007. Jumlah sampel adalah 146 orang berumur 22-48 tahun. Instrumen yang digunakan antara lain kuesioner, timbangan seca, mikrotois, dan food model. Pengumpulan data makanan menggunakan metoda food record 2 hari. Data dianalisis secara univariat, bivariat, dan stratifikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata IMT adalah 23.6 kg/m2 dan prevalensi gizi lebih sebesar 33.6%. Bila dilihat dari tingkat konsumsi makanan, maka rata-rata energi yang dikonsumsi adalah 1576.9 Kalori yang mana 48% berasal dari karbohidrat, 37.0% dari lemak, dan 15.0% dari proein. Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara konsumsi energi, konsumsi karbohidrat, jenis kelamin, dan status perkawinan dengan status gizi mahasiswa. Hasil analisis stratifikasi menunjukkan bahwa jenis kelamin dan status perkawinan merupakan variabel konfonding terhadap konsumsi makanan dan status gizi. Guna mencegah dan menanggulangi masalah gizi lebih, maka diperlukan upaya-upaya seperti peningkatan KIE (komunikasi, informasi, dan edukasi) gizi dan penelitian lanjutan berdasarkan faktor lain yang belum diteliti.

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Overnutrition is one of nutritional problems that tends to increase in adult. A rapid survey conducted in May 2006 to 36 postgraduate students showed that 19.4% of them were overnutrition. Lianawati (2005) also showed that 36.8% of postgraduate students at FKM UI classified as overnutrition. These situation, of course, harmed and worried because its impact on emerged degenerative disease such as coronary heart disease (CHD) in the future. The study aimed to find out the relationships between dietary intake (energy, carbohydrate, fat, and protein), age, sex, ethnic, and social-economic factors with nutritional status in postgraduate students at FKM UI. This study used cross sectional design, a quantitative approach, conducted between 5th May-2nd June 2007. Total sample were 146 students aged 22-48 years old. The instrument of the study were questionnaire, seca electronic digital scale, microtoise, and a food model. Dietary data collection used a two-day food record. The data were analyzed through univariate, bivariate, and stratification-analyses. This study showed that average BMI was 23.6 kg/m2 and the prevalence of overnutrition was 33.6%. The average of total energy intake was 1576.9 Calories out of which 48% comes from carbohydrates, 37.0% from fat, and 15% from protein. There was relations between nutritional status and total energy, % energy from carbohydrate, sex, and marital status. Stratification analysis showed that sex and marital status were confounding factors to nutritional status. To prevent and treatment overnutrition some efforts like increasing a pockage of communication, information, and education training; health promotion; and following study based on others factors need to be done.

Abstrak:

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Abstrak: Skripsi ini membahas riwayat penyakit, asupan protein dan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan status gizi pada peserta posyandu lansia. Penelitian ini bersifat kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional dan jumlah sampel 112 orang. Sampel diambil dengan kriteria umur 45-79 tahun yang menetap di Kecamatan Grogol Petamburan Jakarta Barat. Data Karakteristik (umur, jenis kelamin, pendidikan, pekerjaan), pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku gizi seimbang, riwayat penyakit, pola konsumsi (asupan energi, protein, lemak) didapatkan melalui wawancara dengan kuesioner. Sedangkan data status gizi dengan indeks massa tubuh diperoleh dengan pengukuran antropometri. Analisa hubungan antara variabel independen dengan variabel dependen menggunakan uji chi square.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan proporsi responden yang mengalami gizi lebih sebesar 50% dan gizi kurang sebesar 6.3%. Dari hasil analisa bivariat diketahui adanya hubungan bermakna antara riwayat penyakit dan asupan protein dengan status gizi peserta posyandu lansia (p<0.05). Sementara data karakteristik (umur, jenis kelamin, pendidikan, pekerjaan), pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku gizi seimbang, pola konsumsi (asupan energi, dan lemak) tidak menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang bermakna dengan status gizi (p>0.05). dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa peserta posyandu lansia di Kecamatan Grogol Petamburan mengalami masalah gizi ganda. Untuk itu perlu diadakan penyuluhan gizi seimbang secara berkala dan pemantauan status gizi guna mempertahankan IMT normal.

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The aim of this study was to discuss the historical of disease, protein intake, and other factors related to the nutritional status of the elderly posyandu participants. The cross sectional study towards 112 samples aged 45 to 79 years of age undertaken at Grogol Subdistrict, West Jakarta. Data characteristics (age, sex, education, and working status); the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of balanced nutrition; historical of disease; and the pattern of energy, protein, fat intake) were collected through interviews with the questionnaire. Data of the nutritional status with Body Mass Index (BMI) indicator was collected by anthropometric measurements. The analysis of association between independent variables with dependent variable used Chi Square Test.The results showed the proportion of respondents with over nutrition was 50% and under nutrition was 6.3%. There were a significant association between the historical of disease and protein intake with the nutritional status of the elderly posyandu participants (p <0.05). While the data characteristics (age, sex, education, working status), knowledge, attitudes, behaviors of balanced nutrition, and the pattern of energy, and fat intake showed no significant association with nutritional status (p> 0.05). It can be concluded that the historical of disease and protein intake correlated with the nutritional status of the elderly posyandu participants. Therefore, the regular balanced nutrition counseling and the monitoring of nutritional status should be taken for all participants at the elderly posyandu to maintain a normal BMI.