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Tuntutan dan kebutuhan pelayanan kesehatan yang bermutu terutama dalam penanggulangan gizi buruk merupakan tantangan yang harus dipersiapkan secara benar dan ditangani secara mendasar, terarah dan sungguh-sungguh mengingal banyaknya kasus gizi buruk dari tahun ke tahun. Hasil pernantauan status gizi diwilayah kerja dinas kesehatan Kabupaten Padang Pariaman tahun 2005 ditemukan kasus gizi buruk sebanyak 4,3%. Kasus gizi buruk memerlukan perawatan yang intensif balk dirumah tangga, puskesmas dan rumah sakit. Untuk memenuhi tuntutan pelayanan kesehatan maka yang harus dilakukan adalah melaksanakan penanggulangan gizi buruk dengan mengikuti pedoman yang dibuat dcpkes. Dengan demikian tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat gambaran kinerja tenaga pelaksana gizi (TPG) puskesmas dalam penanggulangan gizi buruk dan faktor-faktor apa yang berhubungan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan rancangan yang digunakan adalah cross sectional, dengan sampel 23 orang yang merupakan total populasi yang dilaksanakan di kabupaten Padang Pariaman pada bulan Maret sampai April 200G. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan pengisian sendiri kuesioner oleh TPG, meliputi variabel independent yaitu umur, pendidikan, pengetahuan, lama kerja, pelatihan, motivasi, sarana, beban kerja, kepemimpinan dan supervisi. Variabel dependent yaitu kinerja TPG dalam penanggulangan gizi buruk yang diperoleh dari check list dan penelusuran dokumen. Analisis data meliputi analisis univariat, bivariat (chi-square). Untuk pengayaan informasi dilakukan pendekatan kualitatif melalui wawancara mendalarn terhadap beberapa orang informan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan proporsi kinerja TPG puskesmas yang baik 52,2% dan kinerja kurang 47,8%. Hasil uji bivariat menunjukan ada 7 variabel yang berhubungan secara statistik (p-value < 0,05) yaitu pendidikan, pengetahuan, pelatihan, motivasi, sarana, beban kerja dan kepemimpinan. Faktor -faktor Iainya yaitu umur, lama kerja dan supervisi tidak berhubungan dengan kinerja TPG puskesmas dalam penanggulangan gizi buruk. Berdasarkan basil penelitian ini disarankan bagi penentu kebijakan agar menempatkan TPG dari pendidikan profesi gizi dan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan perlu diadakan pelatihan secara berkala. Untuk pimpinan puskesmas disarankan untuk dapat memotivasi TPG agar kinerjanya lebih baik, selain itu juga diperhatikan beban kerja yang diberikan sesuai dengan kemampuan petugas.
Demand and requirement of quality health service especially in handling a severe malnutrition is a challenge which must be prepared correctly and handled primarily, directional an seriously considering cases number of severe malnutrition each year. Monitoring result of nutrition status at working area of health service in district of Padang Pariaman in 2005 found 4,3% cases of severe malnutrition. Severe malnutrition cases need a good intensive care in household, public health center and hospital. To fulfill demand of health service so it is important to implement on handling severe malnutrition by following a guidance which arc made by health department of RI. Therefore goal of this research is to know describing of nutrition workers performance of public health centre handling severe malnutrition and related factors. Research used a cross sectional design with a quantitative approach. The number of samples is 23 respondent where they are a population total which are conducted in district of Padang Pariaman from March-April 2006. Data collected has been done with answering a questioner by nutrition workers, incIiuded independent variables, such as age education, knowledge, working duration, training, motivation, equipment, work loading, supervision and leadership. Dependent variables is nutrition workers performance of public health center in handling severe malnutrition which is obtained from check list and document research. Data analysis consist of univariate analysis and bivariate analysis (chi-square). For information enrichment, they had been done a qualitative approach by a deep interview to some informants. The result of this research showed nutrition workers at public health center with good performance is 52,2% and with less performance is 47,8%. Bivariate analysis showed there are 7 related variables significant statistically to nutrition workers performance at public health center in handling severe malnutrition (p-value < 0,05), that is education, knowledge, training, motivation, equipment, work loading, and leadership. The other factor such age, working duration and supervision are not related to nutrition workers performance. To suggested for policies makers in order to exercise non nutrition workers by periodical training to improve knowledge. For the leader of public health centre suggested to be able to motivate nutrition workers so their performance becomes better, besides it is important to give attention of work loading which is given according to officers ability.
Status gizi baik anak baduta keluarga miskin merupakan suatu keadaan bahwa diantara anak baduta yang hidup di lingkungan dan kondisi dengan sosial ekonomi yang rendah terdapat anak baduta dengan status gizi baik (63,9%). Dalam situasi dan tekanan ekonomi yang terjadi mereka dapat beradaptasi untuk bertahan dan mempunyai kemampuan untuk tumbuh dan berkembang dengan baik dibandingkan dengan anak-anak lainya. Faktor-¬faktor yang berhubungan dengan status gizi baik anak baduta gakin antara lain karakteristik ibu (pengetahuan gizi, pendidikan, pekerjaan), karakteristik anak (berat lahir, umur awal pemberian MP-ASI), karakteristik keluarga (jumlah anggota keluarga, keadaan rumah tinggal, jumlah balita dalam keluarga, urutan anak, biaya pengeluaran pangan rumah tangga), pola makan (konsumsi energi, konsumsi protein, status pemberian ASI), riwayat penyakit infeksi (ISPA, diare), pola asuh (gizi, kesehatan). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui garnbaran status gizi anak baduta keluarga miskin di wilayah Puskesmas Sambas dan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan status gizi baik anak baduta tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional dengan jumlah sampel 190 orang (total sampel) dan untuk melengkapi informasi dilakukan pendekatan kualitatif melalui Focus Group Discussion (FGD) pada kelompok ibu dengan anak status gizi baik dan kelompok ibu dengan anak status gizi kurang. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan analisis univariat, bivariat dengan uji chi square dan multivariat dengan uji regresi logistik dan tingkat kemaknaan p≥0,05. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan proporsi gizi baik anak baduta gakin 48,4%, pada analisis bivariat hubungan variabel pengetahuan gizi ibu, pendidikan ibu, pekerjaan ibu, berat lahir anak, umur awal pemberian MP-ASI, jumlah anggota keluarga, jumlah balita dalam keluarga, status pemberian ASI, riwayat penyakit infeksi, perilaku gizi dan kesehatan ibu dengan status gizi anak baduta secara staistik terbukti bermakna dengan (p<0,05), sedangkan hubungan keadaan rumah tinggal, urutan anak, konsumsi energi protein dengan status gizi anak baduta tidak terbukti bermakna dengan (p>0,O5). Hasil analisis multivariat menunjukkan variabel yang paling menonjol (dominan) adalah umur awal pemberian MP¬ASI setelah dikontrol oleh variabel pengetahuan gizi ibu, jumlah balita dalam keluarga, berat tahir anak dart penyakit infeksi. Berdasarkan basil penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa proporsi gizi baik makin menurun dan adanya beberapa faktor dominan yang berperan terhadap status gizi baik anak baduta di daerah miskin. Oleh karena itu maka saran lebih ditujukan pada usaha-usaha promosi gizi dan kesehatan terutama menyangkut faktor-faktor tersebut oleh Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Sambas.Untuk Puskesmas perlu dipikirkan berbagai cara pendekatan dalam rangka penjangkauan kelompok berisiko seperti bumil, ibu menyusui, WUS sehingga informasi mengenai gizi dan kesehatan akan dapat dengan mudah disebarkan dan diserap antara lain dengan menambah frekuensi penyuluhan terutama kelompok rawan gizi di daerah miskin.
Good nutrient status of under two years old children of poor families is a condition that among under two years old children living in an environment and low social economic condition there are under two years old children possessing good nutrient status (63.9%). In the situation with such economical pressure, they can adapt to survive and having good ability to grow and develop compared to other children. Factors related to the good nutrient status of this under two years old children are characteristic of mother ( nutrient knowledge, education, occupation), children's characteristic (born weight, age of first complementary food consumption), family's characteristic ( number of family member, situation of the house, number of children under five years old in the family, order of children, spending budget for food), food pattern (energy consumption, protein consumption, status of mother's milk consumption), history of infectious disease (respiratory tract infection, diarrhea), caring pattern (nutrition, health). The purposes of the research were to describe the nutrient status of under two years old children of the poor families in the local area of Sambas Public Health Centre and to determine factors related with good nutrient status of the under two years old children. The research used cross sectional design with totally 190 persons as sample and for completion of information, qualitative approach through Focus Group Discussion in the. group of mother possessing children with good nutrition status and with bad nutrition status was performed. The obtained data were analyzed using univariate, bivariate analysis with chi-square test and multivariate with regression logistic test using degree of significance p ?0,05. The research results showed that proportion of under two years children possessing good nutrient was 48.4%. Based on bivariate analysis, statistically there is significant correlation of nutrient knowledge of mother, mother education, mother occupation, children born weight, age of first complementary food consumption - mother' milk, number of family member, number of children under five years old in the family, status of mother's milk consumption, history of infectious disease, nutrient behavior and mother's health with the nutrient status of under two year old children (p<0,05). However, there is not significant correlation of house situation, order of children, energy consumption, protein consumption with the nutrient status of under two years old children (p>0,05). Multivariate analysis showed that the most dominant variable was age of first complementary food consumption-mother's milk) after controlled by variable of nutrient knowledge of mother, number of children under five years old in the family, children born weight and infectious disease. Based on the research's results, it is concluded that the proportion of good nutrient get lower and someof dominant factors contributing to good nutrient status of under two years children in poor area were observed. Therefore, the Public Health Service of the city of Sambas is suggested to carry out promotion of nutrition and health, approach ways to reach the risk groups such as pregnant women, breast feeding mother and women in productive age, so that information about nutrition and health is spread and absorbed easily by adding the frequency of illumination especially to the nutrition disturbed groups in the poor area.
The world's population is currently in the era of the aging population, namely the population aged more than 60 years exceeding 10% of the total population. The elderly are one of the groups that are prone to suffer from malnutrition. In order not to become a burden for the community, it is necessary to take care of health for the elderly. The population morbidity rate in West Sumatra is the highest in the elderly group, namely 25.64%. This study aims to analyze the factors associated with the nutritional status of the elderly. This study is a cross-sectional study using secondary data from FKM Andalas University in 2021. Bivariate analysis using chi-square test, multivariate analysis using logistic regression test. The sample of this study was 140 respondents in Pariaman City and Padang City. The results of this study indicate that the nutritional status of the elderly in the cities of Padang and Pariaman is more nutritional status with the prevalence of elderly nutritional status at 37.1%. Based on multivariate results, it is known that disease history is the most dominant factor influencing the incidence of elderly nutrition in Pariaman City and Padang City after being controlled by the variables of exercise habits, marital status, employment status and smoking behavior (p = 0.003, OR 4.172 95% CI = 1,602-10,863). Family awareness is needed to pay more attention to consumption, activities and healthy living behavior of the elderly in order to prevent more nutritional status in the elderly
Anemia gizi merupakan masalah defisiensi gizi yang terbanyak dan merupakan penyebab anemia terbesar pada kchamilan. Di Indonesia anemia gizi pada ibu hamil masih menjadi masalah gizi utama yaitu sebesar 40,1 % (SKRT 2001). Tczjadinya anemia gizi pada ibu hamil disebabkan oleh banyak faktor, yaitu rendahnya asupan besi, gangguan absorpsi dan kehilangan besi akibat perdarahan menahun, disamping status penyakit yang diderita ibu hamil seperti malaria, infeksi casing, HIV/AIDS dan penyakit genetik (thalassemia). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan prevalensi anemia gizi ibu hamil serta mengidentifikasi faktor - faktor yang berhubungan dengan kcjadian ibu hamil Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin Tahun 2008. Penelitian ini mengglmakan' pendekatan kuantitatif dcngan desain: ,wtcng !in!ang. Sampel adalah ibu hamil trimester I, II dan III yang terpilih melalui prosedur pemilihan sampel dengan metode random sampling. Junlah sampel seluruhnya adalah 228 ibu hamil. Cara pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode multisrage. Sebagai kluster adalah desa yang diambil sebanyak 30 desa dari 206 deca yang ada di Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin. Desa dipilih secara acak proposional. Variabel dependen penelitian ini adalah kadar Hb ibu hamil yang diukur dengan metode sahli, sedangkan variabel independen terdiri dari umur ibu, LILA, paritas, pekerjaan, jarak kehamilan, riwayat penggunaan alat kontrasepsi, asupan zat besi, makanan sumber heme dan non heme, makanan peningkat dan penghambat absorpsi zat besi, TTD, pengetahuan tentang anemia, iingkat pendidikan ibu dan tingkat ekonomi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan prevalensi anemia gizi ibu hamil di Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin sebesar 42,5 %. Berdasarkan usia kchamilan, prevalensi anemia gizi lebih tinggi pada ibu hamil trimester I (63,7 %) dibandingkan dengan trimester 1] (39,1 %) dan trimester IH 39,1 %). Sebagian besar responden berada pada umur yang tidak berisiko untuk hamil (20 - 35 tahun), tidak berisiko dalam paritas dan LILA. Seluruh ibu hamil (100%) telah melakukan ANC dengan jumlah yang bervariasi di tiap trimester. Terdapat 21,9 % responden yang belum pemah mendapatkan TTD, yang sebagian besar dialami oleh ibu hamil trimester I. Sebanyak 56,2 % mengonsumsi zat besi < 90 % AKG, jarang mengonsumsi makanan sumber heme (54,8 %) dan non heme (58,3 %), tetapi sering mengonsumsi makanan peningkat absorpsi Fe (51,3 %). Hasil uji bivariat dengan Chi-Square, terdapat hubungan yang bexmakna antara umur ibu (nilai p = 0,008, OR ; 2,485), umur kehamilan (nilai p = 0.047, OR : 0,372), jarak kelahiran (nilai p = 0,019, OR : 0,5 12), tingkat pengetahuan (nilai p = 0,024, OR : I ,l43) dengan anemia gizi ibu hamil di Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin Tahun 2008. Hasil akhir analisis multivariat mendapatkan vaxiabel umur ibu merupakan variabel yang paling dominan berhubungan dengan terjadinya anemia gizi ibu hamil Dengan nilai p 0,024, OR : 2,3 (95% CI 1,128 - 4,61 1), sehingga dapat disimpulkan responden dengan umur kehamilan berisiko (35 tahun) berpeluang untuk menderita anemia gizi sebesar 2,3 kali dibandingkan dengan responden yang berada pada kelompok umur aman untuk kehamilan (20 - 35 tahun) setelah dikontrol variabel umur kehamilan, jarak kelahiran, tingkat pendidikan dan pengetahun ibu. Saran yang diajukan dalam penelitian adalah meningkatkan KIE ibu hamil terutama mengenai anemia gizi, sumber malcanan heme, non heme, peningkat dan penghambat absorpsi F e rnelalui penyuluhan seeara rutin di posyandu dan puskcsmas. serta peningkatan cakupan suplementasi TTD. Terhadap temuan hasil penelitian ini, perlu dilakukan screening anemia pada remaja putri dan wanita sebelum hamil. Perlunya peningkatan kualitas pelayanan terutama dalam pemeriksaan kehamilan.
Anemia is the most nutrition deficiency problem and as the biggest anemia cause in pregnancy. In Indonesia, it still becomes the main nutrient problem (40,1% SKRT 2001). The nutrient anemia ofthe pregnant mother is caused by many factors, example : lack of calcium ,absorption hindrance and lost of calcium caused of chronic bleeding, besides the illness status suffered by pregnant mother such as malaria, wonn infection, HIV/AIDS and genetically illness ( thalasscmia ). This aim of this research in to have prevalantion of pregnant mother iron deficiency anemia and also to identify some factors related to pregnant woman’s case in Musi Banyuasin regency in 2008. This research uses quantitative rapprochement by cross sectional. The sample is at the first, second and third three semester of pregnant mother selected by stratiication sample of choosing procedures. The totally sample is 228 pregnant mothers. Sample withdrawal way uses the stratification multistage method. As the cluster is taken 30 villages from 206 which is in Musi Banyuasin Regency. It has taken in a cluster as proportional randomly. Dependent variable of the research is Hb value of pregnant woman measured by sahli method, and independent variable contents of motl1er’s age, mid arm circumstances, parity, job, pregnancy space, calcium consumption, heme and non heme food sources, barrier food of calcium absorption, iron tablets supplementation, anemia knowledge, mothers’ education level and economic level. The result of this research finds the nutrient anemia of pregnant mother in Musi Banyuasin Regency is totally 42,5%. Based on the pregnancy ages, iron deficiency anemia prevalantion is higher in the first semester of pregnant mother ( 63,7% ) than the second three semester 9 39,l% ) and the third three semester (39,l%). Most of respondents are in save ages of pregnancy ( 20-35 years old ) and has lower risks parity and mid ann circumtances. Bivariat test result with Chi-square, found significant relationship between mother’s ages (p:0,008, OR 2,485), pregnancy ages (p:0.047, OR 0,372), pregnancy space (p:0,019, OR 0,5l2), knowledge level (p:0,024 OR l,l43) with anemia of pregnant mother in Musi Banyuasin in 2008. The final result of mothers’ age analysis totally OR = 2,3 with 95% CI 1,128 - 4,661 1, so it can concluded that respondent with risk of pregnancy ages (35 years old) have chance to suffer iron deficiency anemia for 2,3 times higher than others respondents who are in save old of pregnancy (20-35 years old) afier being controlled by pregnancy ages variable, pregnancy space, education level and mothers’ knowledge. The suggestion is improvement of pregnant mothers BIC, specifically about nutrient anemia, heme and non heme food sources, increasing and barrier of iron pills supplement. For this research result, it needs to have anemia screening to girls and woman before being pregnant. Services Quality improvement is also needed especially in pregnancy checking up, motivate and controlling the pregnant mother to have iron pills supplement regularly.